Stem Cell and Oxidative Stress-Inflammation Cycle.

Under a variety of physical and experimental settings, stem cells are able to self-renew and differentiate into specialized adult cells. MSCs (mesenchymal stromal/stem cells) are multipotent stem cells present in a wide range of fetal, embryonic, and adult tissues. They are the progenitors of a variety of specialized cells and are considered crucial tools in tissue engineering.

Effects of aging and inflammation on catalase activity in human dental pulp.

Objectives: In this study, it was aimed to examine the catalase activity in clinically healthy and caries-related inflamed symptomatic human dental pulps of young and old individuals.

Design: Sixty pulp samples from young and old healthy donors, were collected depending on pulpal status. 48 samples were used for spectrophotometric analysis and 12 samples for immunohistochemistry.

Age-related Changes in the Alkaline Phosphatase Activity of Healthy and Inflamed Human Dental Pulp.

Introduction: Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) plays an important role in inducing mineralization events in the dental pulp. This study investigated and compared the ALP levels in healthy and inflamed pulp in young and old human pulp.

Methods: Tissue samples were collected from young (<30 years) and old (>60 years) donors.

Effect of EDTA, sodium hypochlorite, and chlorhexidine gluconate with or without surface modifiers on dentin microhardness.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of root canal irrigants on the microhardness of root canal dentin in the presence and absence of surface-modifying agents.

Methods: Forty-eight root halves were prepared by longitudinal splitting of the distal roots of 24 freshly extracted mandibular human third molars and embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin, leaving the dentin surface exposed. After polishing, the microhardness values of the untreated dentin surfaces were recorded by using Vickers tester at the mid-root level.

Chemical and ultramorphologic effects of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and sodium hypochlorite in young and old root canal dentin.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare the time-dependent chemical and ultramorphologic effects of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in young and old dentin.

Methods: Sixty-four teeth scheduled for extraction were collected from young (<30 years) and old (>60 years) patients. In 48 teeth, the dentin was reduced to a powder state and treated with EDTA or EDTA + NaOCl for 1 and 10 minutes, respectively.

The effect of temperature and pH variations on the surface tension of EDTA solutions.

Introduction: Surface tension of a liquid is one of the major factors that affect the wetting of a solid. The reduction in surface tension could improve the contact of irrigants with the dentinal walls of the root canal system. This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the effect of pH and temperature variations on the surface tension of EDTA solutions.

Effect of low-surface-tension EDTA solutions on the wettability of root canal dentin.

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of reducing the surface tension of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solutions on the wettability of root canal dentin.

Study Design: Forty-two extracted teeth were sectioned at the crown, and the apical third and remaining mid-root portion was bisected longitudinally. The root halves were embedded in resin blocks.

Effect of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and sodium hypochlorite irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm colonization in young and old human root canal dentin: in vitro study.

Introduction: The alterations in dentin tissue depending on increasing age might cause different adhesion capability of bacteria, yielding differences in clinical approaches regarding root canal irrigation. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the effects of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm growth in root canal dentin of young and old individuals.

Methods: The root canals of extracted young (<30 years) and old (>60 years) single-rooted human teeth were sectioned at the crown and the apical parts.

The zymographic evaluation of gelatinase (MMP-2 and -9) levels in acute and chronic periapical abscesses.

Objective: This study investigated the presence and levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and -9 in periapical abscesses.

Study Design: Eighteen samples of intracanal exudates containing pus were collected from teeth with clinically and radiographically verified primary or secondary acute and chronic apical abscesses. Pro- and active forms of MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels were analyzed by using substrate gel zymography followed by an image analysis system.

Effect of bleaching agents on surface free energy parameters of resin composite coated with saliva biofilm.

Purpose: To assess the effect of 10% carbamide peroxide and 10% hydrogen peroxide bleaching preparations on the surface free energy of resin composite with and without saliva biofilm coating.

Methods: 72 light-cured resin composite samples were used. The samples were either coated with fresh human saliva or left uncoated.