Effects of grape seed extract on oxidative stress and antioxidant defense markers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Background/aim: To evaluate the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six male rats were divided into the following four groups: control, GSE-supplemented control, diabetic, and GSE-supplemented diabetic. Beginning on day 7 after STZ injection, the rats were administered GSE (100 mg kg(-1) day(-1) in drinking water for 6 weeks.

Assessment of the left atrial volume index and plasma NT-proANP level in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Objectives: Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction is associated with ventricular dysfunction due to ischemia-induced progressive myocardial damage. The decrease in ventricular compliance causes left atrial dilatation and stretching of the atrial myocardium, which are the main stimuli for the secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide. The aim of this study was to evaluate left atrial dimensions and atrial natriuretic peptide levels in patients early after their first acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction and assess the probable interaction between coronary lesions and these measurements.

Decreased paraoxonase 1, arylesterase enzyme activity, and enhanced oxidative stress in patients with mitral and aortic valve insufficiency.

Background: Oxidative stress is reportedly associated with several cardiovascular diseases. The antioxidant ability of high density lipoprotein (HDL) is, at least in part, attributable to the pleiotropic serum paraoxonase (PON1). The aim of the study was to investigate the body oxidant/antioxidant balance in patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) and aortic regurgitation (AR) to get new points of view for the underlying oxidative mechanisms.

The effects of curcumin on the liver and remote organs after hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury formed with Pringle manoeuvre in rats.

Background: We aimed to investigate the effects of curcumin on ischemia/ reperfusion (IR) injury of the liver and distant organs resulting from liver blood flow arrest.

Materials And Methods: Totally 40 rats, divided into four groups, each included 10 rats were used. Group I as only laparatomy, Group II laparatomy and curcumin application, Group III hepatic IR; and Group IV as hepatic IR and curcumin application group.

Oxidative stress and anti-oxidant status in diabetic rat liver: effect of plant polyphenols.

Increased evidence in role of oxidative stress and grape seed extract (GSE) in diabetes and its complication led us to investigate the changes of oxidative stress and anti-oxidant defence in liver tissue of diabetic rats and possible effects of GSE. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Seven days after STZ injection four groups were formed: Control, GSE-supplemented control, diabetic and GSE-supplemented diabetic and GSE was given for 6 weeks.

Effects of grape seed polyphenols on oxidative damage in liver tissue of acutely and chronically exercised rats.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidant defense markers in liver tissue of acutely and chronically exercised rats. Rats were randomly assigned to six groups: Control (C), Control Chronic Exercise (CE), Control Acute Exercise (AE), GSE-supplemented Control (GC), GSE-supplemented Chronic Exercise(GCE) and GSE-supplemented Acute Exercise (GAE). Rats in the chronic exercise groups were subjected to a six-week treadmill running and in the acute exercise groups performed an exhaustive running.

The effects of ellagic acid on the liver and remote organs' oxidative stress and structure after hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury caused by pringle maneuver in rats.

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of ellagic acid (EA) on the liver and remote organs against the hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: Forty Wistar-Albino rats were divided into four groups each containing 10 rats. Group I with laparotomy only, Group II with laparatomy and ellagic acid application, Group III with hepatic ischemia-reperfusion and Group IV with hepatic ischemia-reperfusion and ellagic acid application.

Protective effects of thymoquinone on vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Aim: Oxidative stress has been implicated as a potential responsible mechanism in the pathogenesis of vancomycin (VCM)-induced renal toxicity. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of thymoquinone (TQ) against VCM-induced nephrotoxicity by tissue oxidant/antioxidant parameters and histological changes in rats.

Materials And Methods: Wistar albino rats were randomly separated into four groups consisting of seven rats per group.

Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in plasma after repeated bouts of supramaximal exercise: the effect of coenzyme Q10.

Aim: The purpose was to determine the changes of oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in plasma after repeated bouts of supramaximal exercise and the effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on these changes.

Methods: This randomized, double blind, crossover study was composed of two 8-week periods of supplementation with either 100 mg.day(-1) CoQ10 or placebo.

Effects of exercise and caffeic acid phenethyl ester after chronic exercise rat model.

In order to understand whether exercise and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) has an effect on obesity and weight control, we investigated the effects of CAPE, and exercise on lipid parameters (triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C), and adipokine substances such as leptin and resistin in rats. 40 male rat were randomly assigned into 4 groups. It was determined that CAPE does not have any significant effect on these parameters but that lipid parameters and leptin values in exercise groups decreased considerably, while no significant change occurred in resistin levels.

The serum levels of resistin in ankylosing spondylitis patients: a pilot study.

Resistin is a recently described adipokine which is a member of cysteine-rich secretory protein family. Although it has been primarily defined in human adipocytes, it has been identified that its level was higher in mononuclear leukocytes, macrophages, spleen, and bone marrow cells. Because ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory disease, it is suspected that upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines is effective in its immunopathogenesis.

Plasma concentrations of soluble CD40 ligand in smokers with acute myocardial infarction: a pilot study.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is believed to be the single leading cause of death in both men and women in the world. Smoking is the most important risk factor for CAD. Smoking increases platelet aggregation and thrombus formation.

The protective effect of avocado soybean unsaponifilables on brain ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat prefrontal cortex.

Object: We investigated the protective effects of avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) after global brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.

Methods: Rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups as follows: Group I was control rats, Group II was ischemia rats, Group III was Isch + ASU rats. Brain ischemia was produced via four-vessel occlusion model.

C677T polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene does not affect folic acid, vitamin B12, and homocysteine serum levels in Turkish children with neural tube defects.

Association between neural tube defects (NTDs) and C677T polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene was suspected, because the MTHFR gene codes for a key enzyme in folate metabolism. Its deficiency usually leads to significant reductions in plasma concentrations of folate, vitamin B(12) and methionine, whereas homocysteine levels are increased. We examined folate, vitamin B(12) and homocysteine serum concentrations and polymorphism of the C677T MTHFR gene in Turkish children with neural tube defects.

Release of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in children with acute rheumatic carditis.

Background: Acute rheumatic carditis is still an important cause of cardiac failure in developing countries. B-type natriuretic peptides, especially N-terminal segment of its prohormone are now recognised as essential parts of cardiologic evaluation. Increased plasma concentrations of B-type natriuretic peptide and its prohormone are markers of cardiac failure and hypoxia in adults.

Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on plasma adiponectin, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in men.

The aim of the study was to determine the effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on plasma adiponectin, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF )-alpha levels in sedentary men. Fourteen healthy, nonsmoking, sedentary men participated in the study. The protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of our institution.

677C>T and 1298A>C polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydropholate reductase gene and biochemical parameters in Turkish population with spina bifida occulta.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the 677C > T and 1298A > C MTHFR gene polymorphisms and their metabolic effects on the levels of folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine in the serum of Turkish spina bifida occulta (SBO) patients and healthy individuals in disease.

Material And Methods: A case-control study was performed to detect 677C > T and 1298A > C MTHFR gene polymorphisms in 39 SBO patients and 34 healthy individuals. The folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine concentrations in the serum of SBO and healthy individuals were evaluated and compared with MTHFR gene polymorphisms.

Antifibrotic effects of aldosterone receptor blocker (spironolactone) in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Aims: Proteinuria and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) are parameters that can lead to glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. All components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activate the TGF-beta. Aldosterone may not be inhibited with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and/or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) due to aldosterone escape.

Relationship between iron-deficiency anemia and periodontal status in female patients.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the periodontal status of patients with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) and the correlation of changes in serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) ferritin levels after periodontal therapy.

Methods: Nineteen female patients with anemic hematologic values were classified as group A, and 20 healthy females with normal hematologic values were classified as group B. After group A was recruited, group B was enrolled with patients who had similar gingival indices as group A.

Ghrelin levels in children with adenoid or chronic tonsil hypertrophies before and after surgery.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the ghrelin levels in the children with adenoid or tonsil hyperthrophies.

Methods: The study included 27 children (17 boys and 10 girls). Mean age was 6.

Protective effect of aprotinin on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat ovary.

Aim: We investigated the effects of aprotinin on reperfusion injury in a controlled experimental rat torsion-detorsion model.

Methods: Thirty-two female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Sham operation was performed in group I; in group II only ovarian torsion was performed.

The influence of dexmedetomidine on ischemic rat hippocampus.

In our study, we evaluated the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine on oxidant-antioxidant systems, pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha and number of apoptotic neurons on hippocampus and dentate gyrus after transient global cerebral I/R injury. Eighteen rats divided into 3 groups, equally. Group I rats were used as shams.

The neuroprotective effect of dexmedetomidine in the hippocampus of rabbits after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a serious condition, often accompanied by cerebral vasospasm, which may lead to brain ischemia and neurologic deterioration. We evaluated if dexmedetomidine has neuroprotective effects in the hippocampus of vasospastic SAH rabbits or not.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen New Zealand rabbits were taken.

Stepwise rising CO2 insufflation as an ischemic preconditioning method.

Background: The pneumoperitoneum (Pp) is associated with ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury and oxidative stress. Various ischemic-preconditioning (IP) methods were used to reduce ischemic injury in intra-abdominal organs. In this experimental, randomized, controlled trial with a blind assessment of the outcome, we evaluated the effects of a new IP method, stepwise rising CO(2) insufflation, on oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine response.

The protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid in experimental ovarian ischaemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: We investigated the effect of alpha-lipoic acid (LA) on reperfusion injury in a rat ovarian torsion-detorsion model. The changes in tissue and plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), end-product of lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), xanthine oxidase (XO) and nitric oxide (NO), were determined. Ovarian histopathological findings were scored and compared among groups.