Spatial Heterogeneity of Habitat Selection of Large Carnivores and Their Ungulate Prey in Proximity to Roads.

Geographic heterogeneity, encompassing both species-environment interactions and interspecific relationships, significantly influences the ecological attributes of wildlife habitat selection and population distribution. However, the impact of geographic heterogeneity on the distribution of target species within predator-prey systems, particularly in human-dominated landscapes, remains unclear. By conducting line transect surveys, utilizing a monitoring network, and applying logistic geographically weighted regression (GWR) in conjunction with generalized linear models (GLM), we examined the spatial heterogeneity of habitat selection by the Amur tiger, Amur leopard, and their main ungulate prey, wild boar and roe deer, in Northeast China.