Coupling Bifunctional Scaffolds with Slow Photon Effect for Synergistically Enhanced Photoassisted Lithium-Sulfur Battery Properties.

Photoassisted lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries offer a promising approach to enhance the catalytic transformation kinetics of polysulfide. However, the development is greatly hindered by inadequate photo absorption and severe photoexcited carriers recombination. Herein, a photonic crystal sulfide heterojunction structure is designed as a bifunctional electrode scaffold for photoassisted Li-S batteries.

Contribution of Nuclear Fragmentation to Dose and RBE in Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy.

Variable relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of carbon radiotherapy may be calculated using several models, including the microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM), stochastic MKM (SMKM), repair-misrepair-fixation (RMF) model, and local effect model I (LEM), which have not been thoroughly compared. In this work, we compared how these four models handle carbon beam fragmentation, providing insight into where model differences arise. Monoenergetic and spread-out Bragg peak carbon beams incident on a water phantom were simulated using Monte Carlo.

Correction: Zhang et al. Interactions of Self-Assembled Polysaccharide Nanoparticles with Bovine Serum Albumin and Biodistribution of Its Docetaxel-Loaded Nanoparticles. 2019, , 43.

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RAS, a Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, Interacts with OsTRX z to Regulate Chloroplast Gene Transcription and RNA Processing.

Thioredoxin z (TRX z) plays a significant role in chloroplast development by regulating the transcription of chloroplast genes. In this study, we identified a pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein, rice albino seedling-lethal (RAS), that interacts with OsTRX z. This interaction was initially discovered by using a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) screening technique and was further validated through Y2H and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) experiments.

The Function of Two β-Ketoacyl-CoA Synthases on the Fatty Acid Composition.

Rapeseed ( L.) is one of the four major oilseed crops in the world and is rich in fatty acids. Changes in the fatty acid composition affect the quality of rapeseed.

Experimental Study on the Application of Polymer Agents in Offshore Oil Fields: Optimization Design for Enhanced Oil Recovery.

The Bohai oilfield is characterized by severe heterogeneity and high average permeability, leading to a low water flooding recovery efficiency. Polymer flooding only works for a certain heterogeneous reservoir. Therefore, supplementary technologies for further enlarging the swept volume are still necessary.

Structural Characterizations and Biological Evaluation of a Natural Polysaccharide from Branches of Abel.

Background: Abel () is widely cultivated and serves as an important source of edible oil. Yet, during oil production, pruned branches generate significant waste and contribute to environmental pollution.

Objectives: In this work, we obtain a natural polysaccharide from the branches of and optimize its extraction using Box-Behnken design (BBD), which is a statistical method commonly used in response surface methodology.

Structural Regulation and Performance Enhancement of Carbon-Based Supercapacitors: Insights into Electrode Material Engineering.

The development of carbon-based supercapacitors is pivotal for advancing high energy and power density applications. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of structural regulation and performance enhancement strategies in carbon-based supercapacitors, focusing on electrode material engineering. Key areas explored include pore structure optimization, heteroatom doping, intrinsic defect engineering, and surface/interface modifications.

Ply Optimization of Composite Laminates for Processing-Induced Deformation and Buckling Eigenvalues Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm.

The structure of thermoset composite laminated plates is made by stacking layers of plies with different fiber orientations. Similarly, the stiffened panel structure is assembled from components with varying ply configurations, resulting in thermal residual stresses and processing-induced deformations (PIDs) during manufacturing. To mitigate the residual stresses caused by the geometric features of corner structures and the mismatch between the stiffener-skin ply orientations, which lead to PIDs in composite-stiffened panels, this study proposes a multi-objective stacking optimization strategy based on an improved adaptive genetic algorithm (IAGA).

Supercritical CO-Stable Cementing Materials Based on Vinyl Ester Resin for Maintaining Wellbore Integrity.

Ensuring long-term wellbore integrity is critical for carbon dioxide geological storage. Ordinary Portland cement (PC) is usually used for wellbore primary cementing and plug operation, and set cement is easily corroded by acidic fluids, such as carbon dioxide, in underground high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) environments, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties and an increase in permeability. In order to achieve long-term wellbore integrity in a CO-rich environment This study introduces materials such as thermosetting vinyl ester resin (TSR), filler composite resin (FCR), and low-cost resin cement (RC).

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High-Pressure Die-Casting Mg-Al-RE Alloys with Minor Ca Addition.

With the increasing demand for magnesium (Mg) alloys with high strength and good ductility, this study explores high-pressure die-cast (HPDC) Mg-6Al-2RE (AE62), Mg-8Al-2RE (AE82) and Mg-8Al-2RE-0.2Ca (AEX820) alloys (wt. %).

Overview and Prospects of DNA Sequence Visualization.

Due to advances in big data technology, deep learning, and knowledge engineering, biological sequence visualization has been extensively explored. In the post-genome era, biological sequence visualization enables the visual representation of both structured and unstructured biological sequence data. However, a universal visualization method for all types of sequences has not been reported.

Different Flooding Conditions Affected Microbial Diversity in Riparian Zone of Huihe Wetland.

The soil microbiome plays an important role in wetland ecosystem services and functions. However, the impact of soil hydrological conditions on wetland microorganisms is not well understood. This study investigated the effects of wetted state (WS); wetting-drying state (WDS); and dried state (DS) on the diversity of soil bacteria, fungi, and archaea.

Design and Fabrication of Ultrathin Metallic Phase Shifters for Visible and Near-Infrared Wavelengths.

The polarization state of light is critical for biological imaging, acousto-optics, bio-navigation, and many other optical applications. Phase shifters are extensively researched for their applications in optics. The size of optical elements with phase delay that are made from natural birefringent materials is limited; however, fabricating waveplates from dielectric metamaterials is very complex and expensive.

Multi-Omics Insights into Regulatory Mechanisms Underlying Differential Deposition of Intramuscular and Abdominal Fat in Chickens.

Excessive abdominal fat deposition in chickens disadvantages feed conversion, meat production, and reproductive performance. Intramuscular fat contributes to meat texture, tenderness, and flavor, serving as a vital indicator of overall meat quality. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory mechanisms governing differential deposition of abdominal versus intramuscular fat is essential in breeding higher-quality chickens with ideal fat distribution.

Role of Oxidative Stress in the Occurrence, Development, and Treatment of Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Recent studies have increasingly emphasized the role of oxidative stress in the initiation and progression of breast cancer. This article reviews how oxidative stress imbalance influences the occurrence and advancement of breast cancer, elucidating the intricate mechanisms through which reactive oxygen species (ROS) operate in this context and their potential therapeutic applications.

Unraveling the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO Pathway: The In-Depth Analysis and Breakthrough Prospects of Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases.

Oxidative stress (OS) refers to the production of a substantial amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to cellular and organ damage. This imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant activity contributes to various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative conditions. The body's antioxidant system, mediated by various signaling pathways, includes the AMPK-SIRT1-FOXO pathway.

The Moderating Role of Social Capital Between Parenting Stress and Mental Health and Well-Being Among Working Mothers in China.

Unlabelled: Rapid economic growth has transformed social and family structure globally, including in China, over the past few decades. With women's engagement in the workforce, the dual demand of paid and domestic work has become a major source of stress, particularly among mothers. Working mothers face unique challenges of family obligations blended with contemporary values of women's career aspirations.

Non-linear relationship between urinary creatinine and diabetic kidney disease: implications for clinical practice.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between urinary creatinine (UCr) and the risk and severity of Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The goal is to establish UCr as a potential biomarker for early DKD detection and severity assessment.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using medical records of T2DM patients.

Organ-specific immune-related adverse events and prognosis in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Patients who developed immune-related adverse events (irAEs) could benefit more from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) than those who did not develop irAEs. This study was designed to assess whether the occurrence of irAEs or their characteristics are correlated with survival in advanced patients treated with ICIs.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled a panel of cancer patients who received ICIs at a single institute.

Association between apolipoprotein E ε4 status and the risk of Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis.

Background: The apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) status has a controversial role in predicting Alzheimer's disease (AD) factors. This meta-analysis assessed AD event risk in patients with APOE ε4 status.

Materials And Methods: The relevant English-language articles were identified by searching the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed databases.

Salivary gland stem/progenitor cells: advancing from basic science to clinical applications.

Salivary gland stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) hold significant potential for regenerative medicine, especially for patients suffering from salivary gland dysfunction due to various causes such as radiation therapy, Sjögren's syndrome, and aging. This review provides a comprehensive overview of SSPCs, including their characteristics, isolation, culture techniques, differentiation pathways, and their role in tissue regeneration. Additionally, we highlight recent advances in cell- and tissue-based therapies, such as SSPC transplantation and bioengineered organ replacements.

Uniform volumetric single-cell processing for organ-scale molecular phenotyping.

Extending single-cell analysis to intact tissues while maintaining organ-scale spatial information poses a major challenge due to unequal chemical processing of densely packed cells. Here we introduce Continuous Redispersion of Volumetric Equilibrium (CuRVE) in nanoporous matrices, a framework to address this challenge. CuRVE ensures uniform processing of all cells in organ-scale tissues by perpetually maintaining dynamic equilibrium of the tissue's gradually shifting chemical environment.

Interlayer reconstruction phase transition in van der Waals materials.

Van der Waals materials display rich structural polymorphs with distinct physical properties. An atomistic understanding of the phase-transition dynamics, propagation pathway and associated evolution of physical properties is essential for capturing their potential in practical technologies. However, direct visualization of the rapid phase-transition process is fundamentally challenging due to the inherent trade-offs among atomic resolution, field of view and imaging frame rate.

Mechanical force-induced interlayer sliding in interfacial ferroelectrics.

Moiré superlattices in two-dimensional stacks have attracted worldwide interest due to their unique electronic properties. A typical example is the moiré ferroelectricity, where adjacent moirés exhibit opposite spontaneous polarization that can be switched through interlayer sliding. However, in contrast to ideal regular ferroelectric moiré domains (equilateral triangles) built in most theoretical models, the unavoidable irregular moiré supercells (non-equilateral triangles) induced by external strain fields during the transfer process have been given less attention.