Health Care During Incarceration: A Policy Position Paper From the American College of Physicians.

The American College of Physicians (ACP) has a long-standing commitment to improving the health of all Americans and opposes any form of discrimination in the delivery of health care services. ACP is committed to working toward fully understanding and supporting the unique needs of the incarcerated population and eliminating health disparities for these persons. In this position paper, ACP offers recommendations to policymakers and administrators to improve the health and well-being of persons incarcerated in adult correctional facilities.

Envisioning a Better U.S. Health Care System for All: Reducing Barriers to Care and Addressing Social Determinants of Health.

The American College of Physicians (ACP) has long advocated for universal access to high-quality health care in the United States. Yet, it is essential that the U.S.

Reducing Firearm Injuries and Deaths in the United States: A Position Paper From the American College of Physicians.

For more than 20 years, the American College of Physicians (ACP) has advocated for the need to address firearm-related injuries and deaths in the United States. Yet, firearm violence continues to be a public health crisis that requires the nation's immediate attention. The policy recommendations in this paper build on, strengthen, and expand current ACP policies approved by the Board of Regents in April 2014, based on analysis of approaches that the evidence suggests will be effective in reducing deaths and injuries from firearm-related violence.

Achieving Gender Equity in Physician Compensation and Career Advancement: A Position Paper of the American College of Physicians.

Women comprise more than one third of the active physician workforce, an estimated 46% of all physicians-in-training, and more than half of all medical students in the United States. Although progress has been made toward gender diversity in the physician workforce, disparities in compensation exist and inequities have contributed to a disproportionately low number of female physicians achieving academic advancement and serving in leadership positions. Women in medicine face other challenges, including a lack of mentors, discrimination, gender bias, cultural environment of the workplace, imposter syndrome, and the need for better work-life integration.

Financing U.S. Graduate Medical Education: A Policy Position Paper of the Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine and the American College of Physicians.

In this position paper, the Alliance for Academic Internal Medicine and the American College of Physicians examine the state of graduate medical education (GME) financing in the United States and recent proposals to reform GME funding. They make a series of recommendations to reform the current funding system to better align GME with the needs of the nation's health care workforce. These recommendations include using Medicare GME funds to meet policy goals and to ensure an adequate supply of physicians, a proper specialty mix, and appropriate training sites; spreading the costs of financing GME across the health care system; evaluating the true cost of training a resident and establishing a single per-resident amount; increasing transparency and innovation; and ensuring that primary care residents receive training in well-functioning ambulatory settings that are financially supported for their training roles.

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health Disparities: Executive Summary of a Policy Position Paper From the American College of Physicians.

In this position paper, the American College of Physicians examines the health disparities experienced by the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community and makes a series of recommendations to achieve equity for LGBT individuals in the health care system. These recommendations include enhancing physician understanding of how to provide culturally and clinically competent care for LGBT individuals, addressing environmental and social factors that can affect their mental and physical well-being, and supporting further research into understanding their unique health needs.

Internists' attitudes toward prevention of firearm injury.

Background: Professional organizations have called for the medical community's attention to the prevention of firearm injury. However, little is known about physicians' attitudes and practices in preventing firearm injury.

Objective: To determine internists' attitudes and practices about firearms and to assess whether opinions differ according to whether there are gun owners in a physician's home.

Generation of carrier-envelope-phase-stable 2-cycle 740-microJ pulses at 2.1-microm carrier wavelength.

We produce carrier-envelope-phase-stable 15.7-fs (2-cycle) 740-microJ pulses at the 2.1-microm carrier wavelength, from a three-stage optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier system, pumped by an optically synchronized 49-ps 11-mJ Nd:YLF laser.

Singly resonant optical parametric oscillator in periodically poled KTiOPO(4) pumped by a Bessel beam.

Conical pumping was used in a periodically poled KTiOPO(4) optical parametric oscillator for singly resonant idler generation in a nearly diffraction-limited axial beam. A single signal-idler pair was generated over the whole tuning range by use of asymmetric reflectivity of the OPO mirrors. Pump depletion of 40% and total conversion efficiency of 27% were obtained.

High-efficiency parametric oscillation and spectral control in the red spectral region with periodically poled KTiOPO(4).

Narrow-linewidth optical pulses at wavelengths near 630 nm with 2.2-mJ energy were generated with 61% efficiency in a periodically poled KTiOPO(4) parametric oscillator pumped by a frequency-doubled Q -switched Nd:YAG laser. The tuning range was extended to 30 nm by a noncollinear elliptical pumping geometry.

Multimillijoule chirped parametric amplification of few-cycle pulses.

The concept of optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification is applied to attain pulses with energies up to 8 mJ and a bandwidth of more than 100 THz. Stretched broadband seed pulses from a Ti:sapphire oscillator are amplified in a multistage noncollinear type I phase-matched beta-barium borate parametric amplifier by use of an independent picosecond laser with lock-to-clock repetition rate synchronization. Partial compression of amplified pulses is demonstrated down to a 10-fs duration with a down-chirped pulse stretcher and a nearly lossless compressor comprising bulk material and positive-dispersion chirped mirrors.

[The morphofunctional transformation of skeletal muscle as a consequence of electroneurostimulation training].

By means of histological and histochemical methods slices of biopsies of the canine musculus latissimus dorsi have been investigated after electroneurostimulation for three months through the thoracodorsal nerve in situ and after cutting its initial part. Frequency of contractions increases gradually from 30 up to 80 per 1 min every 2 weeks. The preparations are stained with hematoxylin--eosin.

[Sudden death outside the hospital from coronary heart disease: the state of the intercoronary artery collaterals].

By means of postmortem selective coronary angiography coronary collaterals of 55 sudden out-of-hospital coronary death victims were investigated. The collaterals were found in most (58,5%) sudden coronary death cases. There was no correlation between the presence of coronary collaterals, on the one hand, and ischaemic heart disease symptoms during the life and focal myocardial lesions in deceased persons, on the other.