Hepatobiliary phase MRI-guided radiofrequency ablation of small hepatocellular carcinomas invisible on precontrast MRI.

Purpose: In cirrhotic livers reliable visualization and exact localization of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be challenging without adequate contrast enhancement. To investigate the feasibility, technical success rate, and safety of hepatobiliary phase MRI-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of small HCCs invisible on precontrast MRI.

Methods: 53 patients (17f, 63.

A hypocaloric protein-rich diet before metabolic surgery improves liver function in patients with obesity and diabetes : A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are major risk factors for hepatic steatosis. Diet or bariatric surgery can reduce liver volume, fat content, and inflammation. However, little is known about their effects on liver function, as evaluated here using the LiMAx test.

Visceral fat mass dynamics in a 2-year randomized STrength versus ENdurance training trial in people with obesity.

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of strength versus endurance training on reducing visceral fat in individuals with obesity.

Materials And Methods: For the STrength versus ENdurance (STEN) 24-month randomized clinical trial, we assigned 239 participants with abdominal obesity to either strength or endurance training (two to three times a week, 60 min/training session) in addition to standard nutritional counselling to promote a healthy diet. Changes in abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area quantified by magnetic resonance imaging after 12 months were defined as a primary endpoint.

Body composition analysis by radiological imaging - methods, applications, and prospects.

Background: This review discusses the quantitative assessment of tissue composition in the human body (body composition, BC) using radiological methods. Such analyses are gaining importance, in particular, for oncological and metabolic problems. The aim is to present the different methods and definitions in this field to a radiological readership in order to facilitate application and dissemination of BC methods.

Abdominal fat quantification using convolutional networks.

Objectives: To present software for automated adipose tissue quantification of abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data using fully convolutional networks (FCN) and to evaluate its overall performance-accuracy, reliability, processing effort, and time-in comparison with an interactive reference method.

Materials And Methods: Single-center data of patients with obesity were analyzed retrospectively with institutional review board approval. Ground truth for subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) segmentation was provided by semiautomated region-of-interest (ROI) histogram thresholding of 331 full abdominal image series.

Anthropometric estimators of abdominal fat volume in adults with overweight and obesity.

Background/objectives: To evaluate anthropometric measures for the prediction of whole-abdominal adipose tissue volumes V (subcutaneous V, visceral V and total V) in patients with obesity.

Subjects/methods: A total of 181 patients (108 women) with overweight or obesity were analyzed retrospectively. MRI data (1.

Complications of cochlear implants with MRI scans in different body regions: type, frequency and impact.

Objectives: The aim was to assess the type, frequency and impact of MRI-related complications in patients with cochlear implants (CI) and MRI indications in different body regions.

Methods: For that purpose, the institutional radiology database of a single tertiary hospital was searched for patients with a CI who underwent MRI between 2001 and 2018. The number of MRI examinations and complications were retrieved from the patient record.

Pectus excavatum in motion: dynamic evaluation using real-time MRI.

Objectives: The breathing phase for the determination of thoracic indices in patients with pectus excavatum is not standardized. The aim of this study was to identify the best period for reliable assessments of morphologic indices by dynamic observations of the chest wall using real-time MRI.

Methods: In this prospective study, patients with pectus excavatum underwent morphologic evaluation by real-time MRI at 3 T between January 2020 and June 2021.

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) hemiablation of the prostate: Late follow-up MRI findings in non-recurrent patients.

Objectives: Focal therapy with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an emerging option for the treatment of prostate cancer and often followed up by MRI. Image assessment of treatment failure, however, requires proper knowledge about typical procedure-related changes in prostate MRI, which is sparse, in particular for unilateral HIFU treatment and late follow up (beyond 6 months). The goal of this study was therefore to compile the type and frequency of such MRI findings in selected patients without recurrent cancer 12 months after prostate hemiablation.

Toward a Routine Assessment of Visceral Adipose Tissue Volume from Computed Tomographic Data.

Objective: The study's aim was to determine to what extent total visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume (V ) measured from segmented VAT areas (A ) on all axial computed tomography (CT) sections (thickness of 5 mm) between the diaphragm and pelvic floor can be predicted by the A of commonly selected landmark sections in patients with overweight or obesity.

Methods: A total of 113 patients (31 females, 82 males) with images of full abdominopelvic coverage and proper image quality were included (BMI = 25.0-64.

Abdominal subcutaneous fat quantification in obese patients from limited field-of-view MRI data.

Different types of adipose tissue can be accurately localized and quantified by tomographic imaging techniques (MRI or CT). One common shortcoming for the abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (ASAT) of obese subjects is the technically restricted imaging field of view (FOV). This work derives equations for the conversion between six surrogate measures and fully segmented ASAT volume and discusses the predictive power of these image-based quantities.

Effects of Hyperthyroidism on Adipose Tissue Activity and Distribution in Adults.

Positron emission tomography (PET) has provided evidence that adult humans retain metabolically active brown adipose tissue (BAT) depots. Thyroid hormones (TH) stimulate BAT thermogenesis by central and peripheral mechanisms. However, the effect of hyperthyroidism on BAT activity and BAT volume in humans is yet not fully understood.

Estimation of abdominal subcutaneous fat volume of obese adults from single-slice MRI data - Regression coefficients and agreement.

Purpose: Cross-sectional imaging is increasingly used to quantify adipose tissue compartments in subjects with overweight or obesity. The lack of ionizing radiation makes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) highly preferable to computed tomography (CT) although it is generally less standardized and time-consuming. Fat areas of single or stacks of neighboring slices have previously been considered as surrogates to avoid laborious processing of whole abdominal data-but studies are inconsistent in design and results.

Mean muscle attenuation correlates with severe acute pancreatitis unlike visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a frequent disorder with considerable morbidity and mortality. Obesity has previously been reported to influence disease severity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of adipose and muscle parameters with the severity grade of AP.

Half-body MRI volumetry of abdominal adipose tissue in patients with obesity.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent the whole volumes of abdominal subcutaneous (ASAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of patients with obesity can be predicted by using data of one body half only. Such a workaround has already been reported for dual-energy x-ray absorption (DEXA) scans and becomes feasible whenever the field of view of an imaging technique is not large enough.

Methods: Full-body abdominal MRI data of 26 patients from an obesity treatment center (13 females and 13 males, BMI range 30.

The impact of polyethylene abrasion on the occurrence of periprosthetic proximal femoral fractures in patients with total hip arthroplasty.

Introduction: In addition to abrasion-induced osteolysis and ensuing instabilities, the polyethylene (PE) abrasion of total hip arthroplasty (THA) inlays can also cause gait instability due to the decentralization of the hip joint. The current literature yields, as yet, insufficient findings whether these two factors are linked directly or indirectly to a higher risk for periprosthetic proximal femoral fractures (PPFF). The aim of our retrospective evaluation is to analyse the impact of PE abrasion on the pathology of PPFF in patients with THA.

Clinical evaluation of in silico planning and real-time simulation of hepatic radiofrequency ablation (ClinicIMPPACT Trial).

Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy and clinical integrability of a comprehensive simulation tool to plan and predict radiofrequency ablation (RFA) zones in liver tumors.

Methods: Forty-five patients with 51 malignant hepatic lesions of different origins were included in a prospective multicenter trial. Prior to CT-guided RFA, all patients underwent multiphase CT which included acquisitions for the assessment of liver perfusion.

Prognostic role of body composition parameters in gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer patients from the EXPAND trial.

Background: Body fat and/or muscle composition influences prognosis in several cancer types. For advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer, we investigated which body composition parameters carry prognostic information beyond well-established clinical parameters using robust model selection strategy such that parameters identified can be expected to generalize and to be reproducible beyond our particular data set. Then we modelled how differences in these parameters translate into survival outcomes.

Comparison of PI-RADS v1 and v2 for multiparametric MRI detection of prostate cancer with whole-mount histological workup as reference standard.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) versions v1 and v2 for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) in multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) using whole-mount histological workup as reference standard.

Material And Methods: MRI data of 40 patients with positive transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy were analyzed retrospectively by two blinded readers (5 and 4 years' experience) with PI-RADS v1 and v2 for cancer-suspicious lesions. Prior to radical prostatectomy, patients had undergone IRB-approved mpMRI at 3 T according to PI-RADS recommendations: T2-weighted (T2w), diffusion-weighted (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging.

In-bore biopsies of the prostate assisted by a remote-controlled manipulator at 1.5 T.

Purpose: To evaluate the technical and clinical utility of a fully MRI-compatible, pneumatically driven remote-controlled manipulator (RCM) for targeted biopsies of the prostate at 1.5 T.

Materials And Methods: The data of the first 22 patients that were biopsied under robotic assistance were analyzed.

Power of computed-tomography-defined sarcopenia for prediction of morbidity after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Background: The goal of our study was to evaluate the current approach in prediction of postoperative major complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), especially symptomatic pancreatic fistula (POPF), using parameters derived from computed tomography (CT).

Methods: Patients after PD were prospectively collected in a database of the local department of surgery and all patients with CT scans available were assessed in this study. CT parameters were measured at the level of the intervertebral disc L3/L4 and consisted of the areas of the visceral adipose tissue (A), the diameters of the pancreatic parenchyma (DPP) and the pancreatic duct (DPD), the areas of ventral abdominal wall muscle (A), psoas muscle (A), paraspinal muscle (A), total muscle (A), as well as the mean muscle attenuation (MA) and skeletal muscle index (SMI).

Dicomflex: A novel framework for efficient deployment of image analysis tools in radiological research.

Objective: Medical image processing tools in research are often developed from scratch without the use of predefined software structures, which potentially makes them less reliable and difficult to maintain. The objective here was to present and evaluate a novel framework (Dicomflex) for the deployment of tools with a uniform workflow, commonly encountered in medical image analysis.

Materials And Methods: The object-oriented code was developed using Matlab.

A prospective development study of software-guided radio-frequency ablation of primary and secondary liver tumors: Clinical intervention modelling, planning and proof for ablation cancer treatment (ClinicIMPPACT).

Introduction: Radio-frequency ablation (RFA) is a promising minimal-invasive treatment option for early liver cancer, however monitoring or predicting the size of the resulting tissue necrosis during the RFA-procedure is a challenging task, potentially resulting in a significant rate of under- or over treatments. Currently there is no reliable lesion size prediction method commercially available.

Objectives: ClinicIMPPACT is designed as multicenter-, prospective-, non-randomized clinical trial to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of innovative planning and simulation software.