EGFR overexpression increases radiotherapy response in HPV-positive head and neck cancer through inhibition of DNA damage repair and HPV E6 downregulation.

High-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections have recently emerged as an independent risk factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). There has been a marked increase in the incidence of HPV-induced HNSCC subtype, which demonstrates different genetics with better treatment outcome. Despite the favourable prognosis of HPV-HNSCC, the treatment modality, consisting of high dose radiotherapy (RT) in combination with chemotherapy (CT), remains similar to HPV-negative tumours, associated with toxic side effects.

Immunohistochemical pattern of pleomorphic adenoma, polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma in minor salivary glands.

Objective: To study the immunohistochemical pattern of CD 117, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), smooth muscle actin (SMA) and CD 43 in pleomorphic adenoma (PA), adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) and polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) of minor salivary glands.

Materials And Methods: Twenty cases of PA, 20 cases of AdCC and 10 cases of PLGA were retrieved from record files along with their paraffin blocks at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Pakistan. New histological diagnosis was made on freshly prepared H&E sections followed by application and analysis of immunostains.

Oncogenic human papillomavirus-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an observational study of correlation with ethnicity, histological subtype and outcome in a UK population.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) accounts for 0.6% of all cancers worldwide with the highest prevalence in South East Asia, Southern China and Northern Africa but the disease is uncommon in Europe with an annual incidence in this region of less than 1 per 100 000. Although the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a well known causative agent in NPC, recent reports have implicated oncogenic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in a subgroup of these tumours.

Diagnostic challenges and role of immunohistochemistry in metastatic liver disease.

Objective: To evaluate the role of Immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the diagnosis of metastatic liver disease, with a descriptive, cross-sectional study at the Department of Histopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi.

Material And Methods: A total of 130 cases of metastatic liver disease were retrieved from the tumor registry data. Eosin-haematoxylin stained sections and Immunohistochemistry panels applied to ascertain the site of primary tumor were evaluated.

Sebaceous carcinoma of upper eyelid.

A middle aged lady was surgically treated repeatedly elsewhere for growth on right upper lid before presentation to this department. On examination she was found to have nodulo-ulcerative non-tender growth, about 40 x 20 mm in size involving the lateral three-fourth of the lid. There was associated mild conjunctivitis and palpable pre-auricular lymph node.

Histological grading patterns in patients of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Objective: To determine the histological grading patterns in a cohort of hospitalized patients of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Design: Case series.

Place And Duration Of Study: The study was conducted at PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi, from May 2004 to June 2006.