Incidence and Risk Factors for Moderate to Severe Pain After Foot and Ankle Surgery: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Severe pain after foot/ankle surgeries is often underestimated because these procedures are perceived as less extensive than other orthopedic surgeries. However, surgeries involving the bones and joints in the foot and ankle can result in intense pain.

Aims: This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors associated with postoperative moderate to severe pain.

Percutaneous hamstring lengthening in cerebral palsy and the risk of neurovascular transection.

Purpose: Percutaneous hamstring lengthening is increasingly popular due to its simplicity, fast recovery rate, and low morbidity. Neurovascular anatomy changes due to knee flexion contracture and the precise proximity of peroneal nerve and Biceps femoris tendon are not well established. This study examined (1) the coronal distance between the peroneal nerve and lateral hamstring tendon ("PLD"), and (2) the distance between the popliteal vessels and medial hamstring tendons ("VMD") to determine the safe distance for percutaneous hamstring lengthening.

Adding a low-concentration sciatic nerve block to total knee arthroplasty in patients susceptible to the adverse effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): a randomized controlled trial.

Background: This study compared the effects of adductor canal blocks with those of a low concentration of popliteal-sciatic nerve block (SNB) and dexamethasone as an adjunctive technique for total knee arthroplasties (TKA) in patients susceptible to the adverse effects of NSAIDs.

Methods: A prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial was performed in 50 patients susceptible to the adverse effects of NSAIDs undergoing unilateral TKAs. All patients received spinal anesthesia, adductor canal blocks, and periarticular infiltration.

Local Ketorolac Injection vs Popliteal Sciatic Nerve Blockade as an Adjuvant to a Spinal Block in Hindfoot Arthrodesis.

Background: Popliteal nerve blocks reduce pain and markedly improve postoperative outcomes during foot and ankle surgery; however, several potential complications may arise from nerve block procedures. The purpose of this study was to investigate local infiltration analgesia with ketorolac as a convenient alternative for pain relief.

Methods: A total of 80 patients scheduled for hindfoot arthrodesis were randomly allocated to one of 2 anesthetic groups: a spinal block augmented with either a popliteal nerve block (n = 40) or local ketorolac and Marcaine infiltration (n = 40).

Factors Related to Delayed Extubation in Cervical Spine Surgery in an Academic Hospital: A Retrospective Study of 506 Patients.

Objective: The incidence of airway obstruction has been reported to be 1.2–6.1% after cervical spine surgery and up to 27% in posterior occipito-cervical spinal fusion.

Allogeneic red cell transfusion and its influence on relevant humoral and cellular immunological parameters: A prospective observational trial.

Background: It is assumed that transfusion of allogeneic red cells is associated with increased peri-operative mortality and morbidity. Also assumed is the theory of transfusion-related immunomodulation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that red cell transfusion specifically leads to an immunological response in surgical patients.

Perioperative Factors Associated with Severe Pain in Post-Anesthesia Care Unit after Thoracolumbar Spine Surgery: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Study Design: A retrospective case-control study.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of nitrous oxide and anesthetic and operative factors associated with severe pain in the early postoperative period after thoracolumbar spine surgery.

Overview Of Literature: Thoracolumbar spine surgery is the most common procedure in spine surgery, and up to 50% of the patients suffer from moderate to severe pain.

Femoral Nerve Block versus Intra-Articular Infiltration: A Preliminary Study of Analgesic Effects and Quadriceps Strength in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: Adequate analgesia and early rehabilitation is necessary for arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (A CLR) surgery.

Objective: To compare analgesia and quadriceps strength after femoral nerve block (FNB) with intra-articular infiltration (IA) using 0.25% bupivacaine for ACLR with patella tendon graft.

An Equivalence Trial Comparing Labetalol and Diltiazem in Controlling Emergence Hypertension after Supratentorial Tumor Surgery.

Background: Hypertension and tachycardia during emergence from anesthesia for craniotomy could increase risks of cerebral complications. Several anesthetic, sedative, and antihypertensive drugs have been suggested that may be successful at suppressing these unwanted hemodynamic consequences.

Objective: To study the equivalent efficacy and side effects of two antihypertensive drugs, diltiazem and labetalol.

Femoral nerve block using 0.25% or 0.5% bupivacaine for analgesia after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: Femoral nerve block (FNB) with varying concentrations of bupivacaine is often used for postoperative analgesia after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Objective: To determine whether FNB using 0.25% or 0.

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) with low dose spinal anesthesia in outpatients: a 5 year review.

Introduction: Spinal anesthesia for ambulatory transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a well established technique. The following study examines data over a 5 year period at a major Canadian tertiary academic center. The purpose of the study is to review our experience and complications associated with spinal anesthesia using combined low dose local anesthetic + narcotic for ambulatory TURP procedures.

Cost-effectiveness of thoracic patient-controlled epidural analgesia using bupivacaine with fentanyl vs bupivacaine with morphine after thoracotomy and upper abdominal surgery.

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness and cost of thoracic patient-controlled epidural analgesia (TPCEA) using bupivacaine with fentanyl (BF) vs bupivacaine with morphine (BM) solution.

Material And Method: In a blinded, randomized controlled trial, 90 adult patients who were scheduled for thoracotomy or upper abdominal surgery were enrolled. All patients were anesthetized by a combined general/epidural technique.