Optimizing sacral screw fixation in patients with caudal regression syndrome.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare techniques and outcomes associated with two different technique of pelvic screw insertion in patients with caudal spine absence.

Methods: A cohort of patients with varying degrees of caudal structural regression, serves as the focal point of this investigation. Pelvic configurations were classified based on established criteria to facilitate comparative analysis.

Reliability and validity of the pediatric adaptation of the mJOA scale for evaluating cervical spine disorders.

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the pediatric adaptation of the Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) scale in pediatric patients with various cervical spine pathologies.

Methods: Initial assessments were performed by a neurosurgeon, followed by an independent evaluation by a neurologist within 1-2 days to test inter-rater reliability. The same clinician assessed the same group of children using the adapted mJOA scale at different point in time (between 1 month and 1 year after the initial assessment) to test intra-rater reliability.

Segmental Spinal Aplasia: Anatomical Variations and Treatment Insights.

Study Design: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: The study aimed to analyze anatomical variants of segmental spinal aplasia (SSA) and investigate factors influencing surgical treatment outcomes, with a specific focus on the incidence of complications.

Methods: The study focused on patients with SSA treated at a single medical center, with over two years of follow-up.

Cervicothoracic dislocation due to congenital and bone-dysplasia-related vertebral malformations.

Purpose: To evaluate the approaches to treatment of congenital and bone-dysplasia-related pediatric cervicothoracic dislocations and define the optimal treatment method.

Methods: The publications available in PubMed and Google Scholar data bases were selected following such criteria as the disease in question, pediatric age, the treatment description, and follow-up results. The paper also includes the descriptions of our own six cases of the cervicothoracic dislocations detected in children with different vertebral malformations.

An alternative way of C1 screwing: Supralaminar C1 lateral mass screws.

Study Design: This study involves literature review, technical note, and case series.

Objectives: The objectives were to analyze indications and contraindications, advantages, and disadvantages for C1 lateral mass screw (LMS) insertion above or partially above the arch, to descript technical features, and to give examples of the practical application of this technique and investigated its safety.

Methods: A literature review was carried out in English and Russian in PubMed, Google Scholar, and eLibrary databases.

[The normative legal regulation of expertise of medical care quality in the Russian Federation].

In modern conditions, the support of quality of medical care is one of key issues in health care management. Therefore, quality control issues are most important ones. The effective tool for monitoring quality of medical care is the medical care quality expertise.

Atlantoaxial dislocation due to os odontoideum in patients with Down's syndrome: literature review and case reports.

Purpose: To clarify etiology, clinical features, and diagnostic and treatment options of atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) due to os odontoideum (OsO) in patients with Down's syndrome (DS).

Methods: We described and analyzed three clinical cases of AAD due to OsO in DS patients and reviewed descriptions of similar cases in the scientific sources.

Results: According to literature review, more than 80% of DS patients with odontoid ossicles had atlantoaxial instability (AAI).

[Prevention of disoders of activity which associated with the risk of dynapenia and sarcopenia by combined aerobic-anaerobic training.].

The article presents the data of the study of different models of aerobic and anaerobic exercise in 208 elderly people (89 men and 119 women), which were divided into three groups. The 1st group (control) received standard recommendations of the doctor on the regime of physical activity (daily walks of at least 30 minutes). The 2nd group in addition to the standard recommendations received training in the form of Nordic walking with the regime of classes twice per week for 60 minutes.

Role of closed drain after multi-level posterior spinal surgery in adults: a randomised open-label superiority trial.

Purpose: To explore the role of closed suction drain in multi-level posterior spinal surgery.

Methods: We performed prospective, open-label, randomised control, superiority trial with parallel design and 1:1 allocation. A total of 161 patients undergoing posterior spinal surgery involving more than one motion segment at a dedicated spine surgery department were randomly allocated into "drain" or "no-drain" groups, based on which surgical drain was employed at the end of surgery.

[The Tendencies of Prevalence of Diseases of Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue in Moscow Adult Population].

The article presents the results of analysis of trends in morbidity and dispensary observation of Moscow adult population with diseases of musculoskeletal system and connective tissue. The analysis was applied to data from statistical report forms # 12 of the Moscow Health Care Department in 2012-2016. The stability of percentage of diseases of musculoskeletal system in the structure of total and primary morbidity during last 5 years was established.

Surgical Management of Myelomeningocele-Related Spinal Deformities.

Objective: To evaluate the optimal timing and type of surgical treatment of myelomeningocele (MMC)-related spinal deformities and long-term follow-up of surgical treatment.

Methods: We reviewed and presented clinical pictures, treatment strategies and results of 20 patients with MMC-related spinal deformities treated at our center between 2010 and 2017.

Results: The average patient age was 6.

[Riboflavin photoprotection with cross-linking effect in photorefractive ablation of the cornea].

Unlabelled: Photorefractive ablation is inevitably accompanied by oxidative stress of the cornea and weakening of its biomechanical and photoprotective properties.

Aim: To validate the expediency of riboflavin use in photorefractive ablation for photoprotection of the cornea and cross-linking.

Material And Methods: The effects of riboflavin use in photorefractive ablation was first studied in a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments performed on 56 eyes of 28 rabbits, and then on 232 eyes of 142 patients with different degrees of myopia.

Laser-induced corneal cross-linking upon photorefractive ablation with riboflavin.

Aim: To estimate the biomechanical effect of the laser-induced cross-linking resulting from photorefractive ablation of the cornea with riboflavin.

Methods: Excimer laser ablation studies were performed ex vivo (32 eyes of 16 rabbits) by phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) and in vivo (24 eyes of 12 rabbits) by transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK), with and without riboflavin saturation of the stroma. Then, we performed corneal optical coherence tomography on 36 eyes of 18 patients with varying degrees of myopia at different times after the TransPRK was performed with riboflavin saturation of the stroma.

Spectroscopic and theoretical study of the dimeric dicationic fullerene complex [(C70)2]2+ (Ti3Cl13)(-)2.

The first spectroscopic characterization of the dimeric dicationic fullerene complex [(C(70))(2)](2+)(Ti(3)Cl(13))(-)(2) is reported and supported by DFT calculations. The IR spectrum of the dimer is interpreted in terms of the normal modes of the pristine C(70), and the effects of charging C(70) and the intercage bond formation between C(70) units on the IR spectrum are discussed. Analysis of the vibrational spectrum of the anion, Ti(3)Cl(13)(-), is also provided.

[Treatment of thorax wounds].

Results of surgical treatment of 154 patients with thorax injuries are analyzed. Most of the patients (93 ps, 60.4%) had penetrating wounds.

[The structure of neuropsychic disorders in the workers of a large industrial enterprise].

The structure of neuropsychic and psychosomatic disorders was examined in workers of a large electrotechnical enterprise. Screening methods were used in the form of two questionnaires: screening of patients of the ambulatory Department of the Leningrad Research Institute of Neurology and Psychiatry as well as a multipurpose questionnaire for screening worked out at the Chair of Psychiatry, medical Psychology and Narcology of the Donetsk Medical Institute. Results of the study are described.

[Release of myoglobin in the blood of irradiated swine showing decreased activity of various enzymes--markers of muscle tissue injury].

Dynamics of changes in the level of myoglobin, hematological indices, and activity of certain enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, and creatine phosphokinase) was studied in blood of exposed (103.2 mC/kg) pigs. As the activity of enzymes decreased the myoglobin content of blood increased 5-7 days following irradiation.

[Errors in the diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis].

On the basis of an analysis of 17824 patients with acute appendicitis the authors make a conclusion that the main cause of neglected forms of acute appendicitis is late consultations of the patients and diagnostic and tactical errors of physicians mainly in the prehospital period. Most of the errors in the treatment of the disease result from a wrong assessment of spread of the process, technical difficulties during operations, inadequate operative access and drainage of the abdominal cavity, unreliable treatment of the process stump and its mesenterium.

[Pelvis abscess as a complication of acute appendicitis].

The work analyzes case histories of 19 patients with pelvis abscesses after appendectomy. The overwhelming majority of them had destructive forms of appendicitis. The authors make a conclusion that the main cause of these complications is defects of operation (insufficient drainage of the abdominal cavity), groundless operation under local anesthesia, refusal of drainage of the abdominal cavity despite indications for it or errors in the drainage technique.