The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study-VIA 11: Study Protocol for the First Follow-Up of the VIA 7 Cohort -522 Children Born to Parents With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders or Bipolar Disorder and Controls Being Re-examined for the First Time at Age 11.

Offspring of parents with severe mental illness have an increased risk of developing mental illnesses themselves. Familial high risk cohorts give a unique opportunity for studying the development over time, both the illness that the individual is predisposed for and any other diagnoses. These studies can also increase our knowledge of etiology of severe mental illness and provide knowledge about the underlying mechanisms before illness develops.

Inpatient Mortality After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis.

Objectives:: Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis is a rare, life-threatening condition that affects the paranasal sinuses. The standard of care after diagnosis includes surgical debridement and aggressive medical management. Despite treatment, mortality remains unacceptably high.

Evidence- and consensus-based recommendations for the use of pegvaliase in adults with phenylketonuria.

Purpose: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare metabolic disorder that requires life-long management to reduce phenylalanine (Phe) concentrations within the recommended range. The availability of pegvaliase (PALYNZIQ™, an enzyme that can metabolize Phe) as a new therapy necessitates the provision of guidance for its use.

Methods: A Steering Committee comprising 17 health-care professionals with experience in using pegvaliase through the clinical development program drafted guidance statements during a series of face-to-face meetings.

Electric-field induced structural transition in vertical MoTe- and MoWTe-based resistive memories.

Transition metal dichalcogenides have attracted attention as potential building blocks for various electronic applications due to their atomically thin nature and polymorphism. Here, we report an electric-field-induced structural transition from a 2H semiconducting to a distorted transient structure (2H) and orthorhombic T conducting phase in vertical 2H-MoTe- and MoWTe-based resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices. RRAM programming voltages are tunable by the transition metal dichalcogenide thickness and show a distinctive trend of requiring lower electric fields for MoWTe alloys versus MoTe compounds.

Quantitative Transformation Efficiency Assay for .

is a model Gram-positive organism used to study a variety of physiological states and stress responses, one of which is the development of competence. Competence refers to the physiological state of a cell which allows it to be transformed naturally. Through induction of competence, the efficiency of natural transformation can be quantified by plating colony forming units (CFU) and transforming units (TFU).

Association of Preoperative Anemia With 30-Day Morbidity and Mortality Among Patients With Thyroid Cancer Who Undergo Thyroidectomy.

Importance: Despite the ease of preoperative anemia diagnosis and the availability of treatment options, the morbidity and mortality associated with this condition remain unacceptably high, and the literature describing the association of preoperative anemia with postoperative outcomes following thyroid surgery in patients with thyroid cancer remain sparse. Reporting outcomes in this patient population may help to facilitate preoperative optimization.

Objective: To assess whether an association exists between preoperative anemia and outcomes following thyroid surgery in patients with thyroid cancer.

An Update on Racial Disparities With 30-Day Outcomes After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Under the Affordable Care Act.

Objective: The impact of race on outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) has been reported before the enactment of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. However, the impact of race on outcomes post-Affordable Care Act enactment remains unclear. The authors evaluated the association of race with outcomes after enactment of the Affordable Care Act in CABG patients.

Cardiorespiratory morbidity and mortality of opioid overdose during admission to safety-net hospitals.

Study Objective: Safety-net hospitals disproportionately care for high-risk patients. Prior work has shown safety-net hospitals to have inferior postoperative outcomes with higher cost and worse patient ratings. We aim to examine the association of hospital safety-net burden with morbidity and mortality in patients with opioid overdose hospital admission.

Optimizing Preoperative Anemia to Improve Patient Outcomes.

Anemia is a decrease in red blood cell mass, which hinders oxygen delivery to tissues. Preoperative anemia has been shown to be associated with mortality and morbidity following major surgery. The preoperative care clinic is an ideal place to start screening for anemia and discussing potential interventions in order to optimize patients for surgery.

Genomics Testing and Personalized Medicine in the Preoperative Setting.

Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is the study of how individuals' personal genotypes may affect their responses to various pharmacologic agents. The application of PGx principles in perioperative medicine is fairly novel. Challenges in executing PGx programs into health care systems include physician buy-in and integration into usual clinical workflow, including the electronic health record.

A longitudinal study of housing status and crime in a homeless population.

Background: It is well established that homelessness is associated with crime. Previous research suggests that this association is at least partially secondary to homeless status offenses (eg, vagrancy and trespassing resulting from behaviors intrinsic to homelessness). To investigate this relationship, this study compared criminal behavior in a homeless population under housed and unhoused conditions.

Perioperative Risk Factors Associated With Morbidity and Mortality Following Pediatric Inpatient Sinus Surgery.

Objectives:: Pediatric sinus surgery is indicated for a wide range of sinonasal and skull base pathologies, but it is most commonly performed for recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis or complicated acute sinusitis. The authors aim to report medical risk factors of morbidity and mortality following inpatient sinus surgery in the pediatric population.

Methods:: Using data from the Kids' Inpatient Database from 2003 to 2012, patients with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, procedure codes for primary sinus surgery were identified.

Reducing Error in ECG Forward Simulations With Improved Source Sampling.

A continuing challenge in validating electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) is the persistent error in the associated forward problem observed in experimental studies. One possible cause of this error is insufficient representation of the cardiac sources; cardiac source measurements often sample only the ventricular epicardium, ignoring the endocardium and the atria. We hypothesize that measurements that completely cover the pericardial surface are required for accurate forward solutions.

Prevalence of comorbid conditions among adult patients diagnosed with phenylketonuria.

Background: Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) deficiency, otherwise known as phenylketonuria (PKU), is an inborn error of metabolism that requires treatment to be initiated in the newborn period and continued throughout life. Due to the challenges of treatment adherence and the resulting cumulative effects of high and labile blood phenylalanine, PKU exerts a significant burden of disease. Retrospective studies using large databases allow for unique perspectives on comorbidities associated with rare diseases.

TANGO2: expanding the clinical phenotype and spectrum of pathogenic variants.

Purpose: TANGO2-related disorders were first described in 2016 and prior to this publication, only 15 individuals with TANGO2-related disorder were described in the literature. Primary features include metabolic crisis with rhabdomyolysis, encephalopathy, intellectual disability, seizures, and cardiac arrhythmias. We assess whether genotype and phenotype of TANGO2-related disorder has expanded since the initial discovery and determine the efficacy of exome sequencing (ES) as a diagnostic tool for detecting variants.

Postoperative outcomes with neuraxial versus general anesthesia in bilateral total hip arthroplasty.

Study Objective: Current evidence remains limited on the postoperative outcomes of neuraxial (NA) versus general anesthesia (GA) as primary anesthesia type in patients receiving simultaneous bilateral total hip arthroplasty (BTHA). We aimed to evaluate the rates of postoperative outcomes among patients receiving NA versus GA for BTHA.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

National Trends and Factors Associated With Inpatient Mortality in Adult Patients With Opioid Overdose.

Background: The prevalence of opioid misuse and opioid-related mortality has increased dramatically over the past decade. There is limited evidence on factors associated with mortality from opioid overdose in the inpatient setting. The primary objective was to report national trends in opioid overdose and mortality.

Analyzing Source Sampling to Reduce Error in ECG Forward Simulations.

A continuing challenge in validating ECG Imaging is the persistent error in the associated forward problem observed in experimental studies. One possible cause of error is insufficient representation of the cardiac sources, which is often measured from only the ventricular epicardium, ignoring the endocardium and the atria. We hypothesize that measurements that completely cover the heart are required for accurate forward solutions.

Team-based comanagement of diabetes in rural primary care.

Objective: To explore clinical indicators among patients with diabetes in southern Alberta and assess changes over time, and to compare patients with diabetes attending a reference clinic (RC), which had adapted its service model to address the specific needs of the patient population, with patients with diabetes attending comparison clinics (CCs) in the same region.

Design: Analysis of longitudinal data from the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN).

Setting: Rural southern Alberta.

Association of HIV infection with age and symptomatic carotid atherosclerotic disease at the time of carotid intervention in the United States.

The primary objectives of this work were: (1) to describe trends in HIV prevalence among those undergoing carotid intervention (carotid endarterectomy or carotid artery stenting) in the United States; and (2) to determine if HIV infection is independently associated with symptomatic carotid atherosclerotic disease or age at the time of carotid intervention. In a nationally representative inpatient database from 2004 to 2014, HIV infection was associated with younger age at the time of carotid intervention (59 years [SE 0.2] vs 71 years [SE 0.

Clinical Risk Factors and Postoperative Complications Associated with Unplanned Hospital Readmissions After Cranial Neurosurgery.

Background: Hospital readmission is a key surgical quality metric associated with financial penalties and greater healthcare costs. We examined the clinical risk factors and postoperative complications associated with 30-day unplanned hospital readmissions after cranial neurosurgery.

Methods: We queried the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2011 to 2016 for adult patients who had undergone a cranial neurosurgical procedure.

Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy following Oral Intake of Adrenergic Flu Treatments.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report a case series of patients with acute macular neureretinopathy in which patients concomitantly used ephedrine or pseudo-ephedrine.

Methods: This is a retrospective case review.

Results: Two patients with retinal findings consistent with acute macular neuroretinopathy are presented.