Publications by authors named "Burt Nabors"

Article Synopsis
  • Lisavanbulin (BAL101553) is an oral drug designed to destabilize microtubules and shows potential against glioblastoma in preclinical studies.
  • A phase 1 study was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of Lisavanbulin when given with conventional radiotherapy (RT) in patients with a specific type of glioblastoma, focusing on toxicity and effectiveness.
  • Out of 26 patients, the study found that Lisavanbulin could be safely administered at doses up to 15 mg daily, though some side effects like confusion were noted at 12 mg.
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Limited research has compared cognition of people with non-central nervous system metastatic cancer (NCM) metastatic brain cancer (BM). This prospective cross-sectional study was comprised 37 healthy controls (HC), 40 NCM, and 61 BM completing 10 neuropsychological tests. The NCM performed below HCs on processing speed and executive functioning tasks, while the BM group demonstrated lower performance across tests.

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Background: When arsenic trioxide (ATO) was combined with radiation for treatment of transplanted murine gliomas in the brain, tumor response improved with disrupted tumor blood flow and survival was significantly prolonged.

Methods: Total of 31 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma were accrued to a multi-institutional, NCI-funded, phase I study to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of ATO administered with radiation. Secondary objectives were survival and pharmacodynamic changes in perfusion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

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Recurrent high-grade gliomas (rHGGs) have a dismal prognosis, where the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of IV terameprocol (5 days/month), a transcriptional inhibitor of specificity protein 1 (Sp1)-regulated proteins, is 1,700 mg/day with median area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of 31.3 μg∗h/mL. Given potentially increased efficacy with sustained systemic exposure and challenging logistics of daily IV therapy, here we investigate oral terameprocol for rHGGs in a multicenter, phase 1 trial (GATOR).

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Purpose: Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) have a dismal prognosis. Although the DNA alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ) is the mainstay of chemotherapy, therapeutic resistance rapidly develops in patients. Base excision repair inhibitor TRC102 (methoxyamine) reverses TMZ resistance in preclinical glioma models.

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Objective: Radiation therapy (RT) is used selectively for patients with low-grade glioma (LGG) given the concerns for potential cognitive effects in survivors, but prior cognitive outcome studies among LGG survivors have had inconsistent findings. Translational studies that characterize changes in brain anatomy and physiology after treatment of LGG may help to both contextualize cognitive findings and improve the overall understanding of radiation effects in normal brain tissue. This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that patients with LGG who are treated with RT will experience greater brain volume loss than those who do not receive RT.

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Background: H3 K27M-mutant diffuse glioma primarily affects children and young adults, is associated with a poor prognosis, and no effective systemic therapy is currently available. ONC201 (dordaviprone) has previously demonstrated efficacy in patients with recurrent disease. This phase 3 trial evaluates ONC201 in patients with newly diagnosed H3 K27M-mutant glioma.

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Article Synopsis
  • MRI scans take a long time to get, especially in places with fewer resources, so researchers want to make it faster using a special computer program called a deep convolutional neural network (dCNN).
  • They studied information from a lot of patients with a type of brain cancer called glioblastoma to help train the dCNN to create better MRI images quickly by using less data.
  • Their tests showed that the dCNN-created images were very similar to the original ones, and it worked well when looking at important cancer details in the scans.
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Introduction: Hypoxia inducible factor 2-alpha (HIF2α) mediates cellular responses to hypoxia and is over-expressed in glioblastoma (GBM). PT2385 is an oral HIF2α inhibitor with in vivo activity against GBM.

Methods: A two-stage single-arm open-label phase II study of adults with GBM at first recurrence following chemoradiation with measurable disease was conducted through the Adult Brain Tumor Consortium.

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Background: Comprehensive analysis of brain tumor incidence and survival in the Veteran population has been lacking.

Methods: Veteran data were obtained from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Medical Centers via VHA Corporate Data Warehouse. Brain tumor statistics on the overall US population were generated from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the US data.

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Purpose: The Individualized Screening Trial of Innovative Glioblastoma Therapy (INSIGhT) is a phase II platform trial that uses response adaptive randomization and genomic profiling to efficiently identify novel therapies for phase III testing. Three initial experimental arms (abemaciclib [a cyclin-dependent kinase [CDK]4/6 inhibitor], neratinib [an epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR]/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor], and CC-115 [a deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor]) were simultaneously evaluated against a common control arm. We report the results for each arm and examine the feasibility and conduct of the adaptive platform design.

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Purpose: We studied 571 patients with intracranial meningioma for clinical characteristics and tumor location associated with high grade meningioma (WHO II/III).

Materials And Methods: Patients were participants in a multicentre epidemiologic study of risk factors for primary brain tumors including meningioma recruited from September 2005 to November 2019. We included patients 18 or older with a recent diagnosis of a primary intracranial meningioma of any subtype (ICD9/10: 9530-0, 9531-0, 9532-0, 9537-0, 9533-0, 9534-0, 9530-0, 9538-1, 9538-3) who were enrolled at neuro-oncology and neuro-surgery clinics in the southeastern U.

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Article Synopsis
  • Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant grade 2 gliomas are aggressive brain tumors, and vorasidenib is a promising oral treatment that targets these mutations and showed preliminary effectiveness.
  • A randomized phase 3 trial involved 331 patients with untreated residual or recurrent gliomas, comparing vorasidenib to a placebo over 28-day cycles, focusing on progression-free survival as the main outcome.
  • Results indicated that patients taking vorasidenib had significantly longer progression-free survival (27.7 months) compared to those on placebo (11.1 months) and experienced better outcomes before needing further treatment, although adverse effects were more common in the vorasidenib group.
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Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Emerging reports have suggested that racial and socioeconomic disparities influence the outcomes of patients with GBM. No studies to date have investigated these disparities controlling for isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation and O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) status.

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Family caregivers (FCGs) of persons with primary brain tumors (PBTs) report high levels of distress related to concerns about out-of-hospital seizures. This study aims to explore their experiences and needs with seizure management. Semi-structured interviews were held with 15 FCGs of persons with PBTs, both those who have those who have not experienced a seizure, to elicit their concerns about out-of-hospital seizure management and related information needs.

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A major hallmark of neuroinflammation is the activation of microglia and astrocytes with the induction of inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, and IL-6. Neuroinflammation contributes to disease progression in a plethora of neurological disorders ranging from acute CNS trauma to chronic neurodegenerative disease. Posttranscriptional pathways of mRNA stability and translational efficiency are major drivers for the expression of these inflammatory mediators.

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Article Synopsis
  • Patients with glioblastoma often experience depressive symptoms but rarely receive antidepressants, and there's limited research on how these drugs impact survival.
  • A pooled analysis of data from multiple clinical trials showed no significant link between antidepressant use and progression-free or overall survival, except for a notable decrease in overall survival for those using antidepressants during the fourth maintenance cycle.
  • Further studies are needed to explore the effects, side effects, and potential outcomes of antidepressant use in glioblastoma patients, especially considering their impact on fatigue during maintenance treatment.
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Background: Tumor cellular and molecular heterogeneity is a hallmark of glioblastoma and underlies treatment resistance and recurrence. This manuscript investigated the myeloid-derived microenvironment as a driver of glioblastoma heterogeneity and provided a pharmacological pathway for its suppression.

Methods: Transcriptomic signatures of glioblastoma infiltrated myeloid-derived cells were assessed using R2: genomic platform, Ivy Glioblastoma Spatial Atlas, and single-cell RNA-seq data of primary and recurrent glioblastomas.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Recent advances have improved our understanding of their molecular biology, prompting efforts to enhance diagnosis and treatment options.
  • * The review covers current management strategies, emerging therapies like targeted treatments and immunotherapy, and outlines ongoing challenges and future research directions.
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Background: Chromosomal translocation has been detected in many human cancers including gliomas and is considered a driving force in tumorigenesis. Co-deletion of chromosome arms 1p and 19q is a hallmark for oligodendrogliomas. On the molecular level, 1p/19q co-deletion results from t(1;19)(q10;p10), which leads to the concomitant formation of a hybrid chromosome containing the 1q and 19p arms.

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Background: Levetiracetam (LEV) is one of the most frequently used antiepileptic drugs (AED) for brain tumor patients with seizures. We hypothesized that toxicity of LEV and temozolomide-based chemoradiotherapy may overlap.

Methods: Using a pooled cohort of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma included in clinical trials prior to chemoradiotherapy (CENTRIC, CORE, AVAglio) or prior to maintenance therapy (ACT-IV), we tested associations of hematologic toxicity, nausea or emesis, fatigue, and psychiatric adverse events during concomitant and maintenance treatment with the use of LEV alone or with other AED versus other AED alone or in combination versus no AED use at the start of chemoradiotherapy and of maintenance treatment.

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Gliomas arising in the setting of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are heterogeneous, occurring from childhood through adulthood, can be histologically low-grade or high-grade, and follow an indolent or aggressive clinical course. Comprehensive profiling of genetic alterations beyond NF1 inactivation and epigenetic classification of these tumors remain limited. Through next-generation sequencing, copy number analysis, and DNA methylation profiling of gliomas from 47 NF1 patients, we identified 2 molecular subgroups of NF1-associated gliomas.

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Microglial activation with the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, is a major driver of neuropathic pain (NP) following peripheral nerve injury. We have previously shown that the RNA binding protein, HuR, is a positive node of regulation for many of these inflammatory mediators in glia and that its chemical inhibition or genetic deletion attenuates their production. In this report, we show that systemic administration of SRI-42127, a novel small molecule HuR inhibitor, attenuates mechanical allodynia, a hallmark of NP, in the early and chronic phases after spared nerve injury in male and female mice.

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