Relevance of diet in schizophrenia: a review focusing on prenatal nutritional deficiency, obesity, oxidative stress and inflammation.

Background/objectives: Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors, including dietary habits. Oxidative stress and inflammation play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Emerging research suggests that diet may affect schizophrenia through different biological mechanisms beyond oxidative stress and inflammation.

Assessing the Influence of Low Doses of Sucrose on Memory Deficits in Fish Exposed to Common Insecticide Based on Fipronil and Pyriproxyfen.

Although pesticides have been a constant concern for decades, in the last ten years, public discussions and scientific research have emphasized their impact on human health and the environment, drawing increased attention to the problems associated with their use. The association of environmental stressors such as pesticides with a sugar-rich diet can contribute to the growing global metabolic disease epidemic through overlapping mechanisms of insulin resistance, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the behavioral effects of the exposure of Silver crucian carp () to a commercial insecticide formulation containing fipronil, pyriproxyfen, and other additives, as well as sucrose and their mixtures.

In vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of bioactive compounds extracted from Streptomyces africanus strain E2 isolated from Moroccan soil.

This study aimed to isolate Streptomyces sp. from Moroccan terrestrial ecosystems and identify bioactive compounds through GC-MS analysis. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against various pathogenic microorganisms including Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Candida albicans ATCC 60193, and multi-drug resistant strains comprising Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae 19K 929, Proteus sp.

In vitro and computational investigation of antioxidant and anticancer properties of Streptomyces coeruleofuscus SCJ extract on MDA-MB-468 triple-negative breast cancer cells.

This study aimed to explore the antioxidant potential of the ethyl acetate extract of Streptomyces coeruleofuscus SCJ strain, along with its inhibitory effects on the triple-negative human breast carcinoma cell line (MDA-MB-468). The ethyl acetate extract's total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified, and its antioxidant activity was investigated using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assays. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effect of the organic extract from Streptomyces coeruleofuscus SCJ on MDA-MB-468 cancer cells was assessed via the crystal violet assay.

Investigating the Impact of Nutrition and Oxidative Stress on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by difficulty maintaining attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. While the cause of this disorder is still unclear, recent studies have stated that heredity is important in the development of ADHD. This is linked to a few comorbidities, including depression, criminal behavior, and anxiety.

Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Oral Cancer.

Oxidative stress, arising from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, contributes significantly to oral cancer such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) initiation, promotion, and progression. ROS, generated both internally and externally, induce cellular damage including DNA mutations and lipid peroxidation, fostering oncogene activation and carcinogenesis. The objective of this review was to cover and analyze the interplay between ROS and antioxidants, influencing the key processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, shaping the trajectory of OSCC development.

Renal Fibrosis and Oxidative Stress Induced by Silica Nanoparticles in Male Rats and Its Molecular Mechanisms.

Background: The utilization of amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) is gaining popularity in various applications, but it poses a potential risk to human and environmental health. However, the underlying causes and mechanisms of SiNPs-induced kidney damage are still largely unknown.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the SiNPs-induced damage in the kidney and further explore the possible mechanisms of SiNPs-induced nephrotoxicity.

Oxytocin Enhances Time-Dependent Responses in the Aggressive Zebrafish ().

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has become one of the most well-known disorders encountered since early childhood among people. Nowadays, the main concerns are its high prevalence and the lack of proper therapeutic interventions. In this way, the necessity of using animal models that can mimic some of the spectrum symptoms, besides deepening the mechanisms of occurrence, is undeniable.

Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Biomarkers of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy: A Comprehensive Overview.

This paper presents an in-depth exploration of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy (PTE), a complex neurological disorder following traumatic brain injury (TBI), characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures. With TBI being a global health concern, understanding PTE is crucial for effective diagnosis, management, and prognosis. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, risk factors, and emerging biomarkers of PTE, thereby informing clinical practice and guiding future research.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Inflammatory Biomarkers in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) accounts for most TBI cases, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite its high incidence, mTBI pathophysiology remains largely unknown. Recent studies have shown that the inflammatory response is activated early after mTBI and can persist for several weeks or months.

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury as a Risk Factor for Parkinsonism, Tics, and Akathisia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and the risk of developing Parkinsonism. A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Studies were eligible if they reported on the association between MTBI and Parkinsonism.

Exploring the Potential of Exosomal Biomarkers in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-Concussion Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

Background: Alongside their long-term effects, post-concussion syndrome (PCS) and mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) are significant public health concerns. Currently, there is a lack of reliable biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring mTBI and PCS. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells that have recently emerged as a potential source of biomarkers for mTBI and PCS due to their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and reflect the pathophysiology of brain injury.

Comparative study of diseases of the stomatognathic system and specific parameters of osteoporosis.

Unlabelled: What are the specific parameters of dental health that present with modifications in osteoporosis (OP)? Both OP and a decreased bone mass can affect dental health. A low mineral density may lead to the loss of dentures because the jaw is exposed to the effects of periodontitis and without strong sustainability the teeth may lose their stability.

Introduction: We compared the values of the periodontal index (IP) with a T score for women presenting with OP at menopause and those without OP.

[Biomechanical study on dento-alveolar arch forces].

Unlabelled: This study has two major objectives. The first one is to draw attention in an original device especially conceived and designed to measure bite force; the second purpose of the study is represented by proper measurements of individual bite force during bilateral clenching for two lots of patients using this device and comparing the outcomes to those of other similar studies, in order to prove its practical utility.

Material And Method: 62 young (20-35 years of age) healthy patients were tested: 35 fully dentured subjects in control group and 27 subjects with various single unit treated edentation, in test group.

[Study of dental chromatic space].

Dental chromatic space has been the topic for many studies and most of all indicated that dental structures are very versatile from the colour point of view, therefore a proper shade selection is difficult to made. Our study made a comparison between the shades of dental structures of men and women of different ages, the measurements being done in three regions: incisal, middle and cervical. We used a spectrophotometer Spectra-Flash 600 and the PC programme Data-Master version 2.

Maxillary sinus augmentation using a peptide-modified graft material in three mixtures: a prospective human case series of histologic and histomorphometric results.

This prospective study assessed vital bone quality and quantity after grafting maxillary sinuses with anorganic bone mineral containing a cell binding peptide (ABM/P-15) in combination with DFDBA (Mix I), hydrogel/ABM/P-15 (Mix II), or PRP (Mix III). Fifteen maxillary sinuses in 12 patients were grafted with the ABM/P-15 mixtures and after 4 to 5 months, cores were taken and analyzed histologically and histomorphometrically. Fifty-nine screw-type implants were placed.

Morphological features in the embryological development of the anterior arch of the mandible.

Objectives: Our study is focused on the typical morphological features of the development of the mandible. There were investigated both specific elements for the ossification process as well as aspects of the developing tooth germs.

Methods: We performed transmission electron microscopy analyses on sections obtained from 15 human embryos aged between 6 and 20 weeks.

[The evaluation of sound level in dental practice].

Noise pollution is one of the most important problems of the contemporary world. Dentistry is one of the most affected areas because the activity in a dental practice involves the use of different devices that generate noise. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the sound level in a dental practice with 4 dental units using a complex system, which comprises: a Sound Blaster Live 5.

[Correlations between occlusal dysfunctions and temporomandibular joint disorders].

The occlusal problems and the temporomandibular disorders are the most frequent aspects which we often find to the patients with the dysfunctional syndrome of the stomatognathic system. This study tries to establish the correlation between these two kinds of dysfunctions and to find (if it exists) a direct proportional relation between them. For this purpose we studied 8 cases who had been diagnosed as having the dysfunctional syndrome of the stomatognathic system on the base of the clinical symptoms, tomographs and CT.

[Some aspects concerning the electrochemical corrosion of the Gaudent-S dental alloy].

The potentiodynamic polarization methods have been employed to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the Gaudent-S dental alloy in a slightly acid artificial saliva (Fusayama's saliva; pH = 6.18), a slightly alkaline artificial saliva (Rondelli's saliva; pH = 7.75) and in an acid saline solution (NaCl/lactic acid; pH = 2.

[The para-clinic investigation of temporo-mandibular joint changes in patients with acromegaly].

The Acromegaly is an endocrinological disease determined by the hypersecretion of STH in a certain period of the body evolution and it causes the hypertrophy of bones in general and of mandible and cranio-facial bones, determining a disorder due to this development of bones, associated with troubles in the activity of muscles and of the phospho-calcium metabolism. This study was made on a group of 33 acromegaly patients. Their temporo-mandibular joint was investigated by ortopantomography, tomography, computer tomography and scintigraphy.

[Periodontal regeneration with enamel derivate proteins (Emdogain)--clinical evaluation].

Unlabelled: The study was undertaken in order to evaluate the effect of Emdogain as an adjuvant in periodontal surgery in promoting bone level gain, compared to bone levels after surgery.

Method: The study was realised on 6 patients. who had pair test sites and control sites.

[A statistical analysis of the variation in the cephalometric measures of acromegaly patients].

Acromegaly represents the endocrine disease which includes the somatic and metabolic disorders secondly resulting to the augmentation of the Growth Hormone secretion after the growth cartilages closing (in adult). In this study we want to describe the craniofacial cephalometric qualitative and quantitative disorders and to emphasize their implications in the onset and the evolution of the stomatognathic system dysfunctional syndrome. For proving this things, we made a statistical study using a statistics function named "standard deviation" which is a measure of how widely values are dispersed from the average value.

[Changes in the craniomandibular relations of acromegaly patients].

The dishomeostazical theory (etiopathogenic integrative concept) allows an ample and complex vue on the stomatognathic system dysfunctional syndrome, because it begins from the perception of the stomatognathic system (SS) as a whole in which the alteration of each element can induce the disfunction of the entire system. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the neuroendocrine suprasystemic factor (STH hypersecretion on adult organism) disturbs every element of the SS and induces an important alteration of the fundamental cranio-mandibular relations.