Inotropes for the prevention of low cardiac output syndrome and mortality for paediatric patients undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease: a network meta-analysis.

Background: Paediatric patients undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk for postoperative low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) and mortality. LCOS affects up to 25% of children after heart surgery. It consists of reduced myocardial function and increases postoperative morbidity, prolongs mechanical ventilation, and lengthens the duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay.

Insights on High-Value Procedures From the ISASS 4-Part Webinar Series on Current and Emerging Techniques in Endoscopic Spine Surgery Based on Surgeon Experience.

Background: The authors conducted a comprehensive review and integration of insights from 4 webinars hosted by the International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery (ISASS) to arrive at recommendations for best clinical practices for guideline development for endoscopic spine surgery. This perspective article discusses the limitations of traditional surgical trials and amalgamates surgeons' experience and research on various cutting-edge techniques.

Methods: Data were extracted from surveys conducted during each webinar session involving 3639 surgeons globally.

Comprehensive analysis of constitutional mismatch repair deficiency-associated non-Hodgkin lymphomas in a global cohort.

Background: Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMRD) is a rare childhood cancer predisposition syndrome associated with a broad spectrum of malignancies, including non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). Most patients die due to cancer before the age of 20 years. Limited data exist on CMMRD-associated lymphomas and their outcome.

Outcomes of patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia; a study on behalf of the PDWP of the EBMT.

Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia is a rare, inherited bone marrow failure syndrome. Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is currently the only curative treatment. In this retrospective study, we analysed 66 patients with allo-HSCT, reported in the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) registry.

Clinical applications of 3D printing in colorectal surgery: A systematic review.

Background: The utilization of three-dimensional printing has grown rapidly within the field of surgery over recent years. Within the subspecialty of colorectal surgery, the technology has been used to create personalized anatomical models for preoperative planning, models for surgical training, and occasionally customized implantable devices and surgical instruments. We aim to provide a systematic review of the current literature discussing clinical applications of three-dimensional printing in colorectal surgery.

Pediatric T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas but not leukemias harbor TRB::NOTCH1 fusions with unfavorable outcome.

T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) have common and distinguishing clinical and molecular features. Molecular prognostic factors are needed for T-LBL. We assessed the prevalence and prognostic impact of the T-cell receptor β (TRB)::NOTCH1 fusion in 192 pediatric patients with T-LBL and 167 pediatric patients with T-ALL, using novel multiplex polymerase chain reaction and genomic capture high-throughput sequencing techniques.

Accelerated cardiac magnetic resonance imaging using deep learning for volumetric assessment in children.

Background: Ventricular volumetry using a short-axis stack of two-dimensional (D) cine balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) sequences is crucial in any cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. This task becomes particularly challenging in children due to multiple breath-holds.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic performance of accelerated 3-RR cine MRI sequences using deep learning reconstruction compared with standard 2-D cine bSSFP sequences.

Clinical impact of novel cardiovascular magnetic resonance technology on patients with congenital heart disease: a scientific statement of the Association for European Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging of the European Society of Cardiology.

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is recommended in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) in clinical practice guidelines as the imaging standard for a large variety of diseases. As CMR is evolving, novel techniques are becoming available. Some of them are already used clinically, whereas others still need further evaluation.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma presenting with spinal cord compression: A population-based analysis of the NHL-BFM study group.

Background: Spinal cord compression is a rare presentation of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in children. We aimed to describe the prevalence, histological subtypes, clinical presentation, therapy, and outcome of those children in a population-based cohort. The chemotherapy regimen remained comparable over time.

Tamoxifen may contribute to preserve cardiac function in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Unlabelled: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is life-limiting. Cardiomyopathy, which mostly ensues in the second decade of life, is the main cause of death. Treatment options are still limited.

Osteosarcoma Arising as a Secondary Malignancy following Treatment for Hematologic Cancer: A Report of 33 Affected Patients from the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group (COSS).

Purpose: Osteosarcoma may arise as a secondary cancer following leukemias or lymphomas. We intended to increase the knowledge about such rare events.

Patients And Methods: We searched the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group's database for individuals who developed their osteosarcoma following a previous hematological malignancy.

Disability-adjusted life years from bone and joint infections associated with antimicrobial resistance: an insight from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study.

Purpose: Bone and joint infections, complicated by the burgeoning challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), pose significant public health threats by amplifying the disease burden globally. We leveraged results from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) to explore the impact of AMR attributed to bone and joint infections in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), elucidating the contemporary status and temporal trends.

Methods: Utilizing GBD 2019 data, we summarized the burden of bone and joint infections attributed to AMR across 195 countries and territories in the 30 years from 1990 to 2019.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for pediatric patients with non-anaplastic peripheral T-cell lymphoma. An EBMT pediatric diseases working party study.

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) other than anaplastic large-cell lymphoma are rare in children, and the role of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has not been clarified yet. In a retrospective analysis of registry-data of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation we analyzed 55 patients aged < 18 years who received allogeneic (N = 46) or autologous (N = 9) HSCT for PTCL. Median age at HSCT was 13.

Finding a balance in reduced toxicity hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for thalassemia: role of infused CD3+ cell count and immunosuppression.

We performed a retrospective analysis on 124 patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia who were registered in the German pediatric registry for stem cell transplantation. All patients underwent first allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) between 2011 and 2020 and belonged mainly to Pesaro risk class 1-2. Four-year overall (OS) and thalassemia-free survival (TFS) were 94.

Possible effects of left pulmonary artery stenting in single ventricle patients on bronchial area, lung volume and lung function.

Background: Left pulmonary artery (LPA) stenting is often required in single ventricle (SV) patients. Due to their close anatomical relationship an LPA stent could potentially compress the left main bronchus (LMB). We assessed the impact of LPA stenting on bronchial size, pulmonary volumes, and lung function in a cohort of SV patients.

Oral gavage delivery of Cornus officinalis extract delays type 1 diabetes onset and hyperglycemia in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease initiated by genetic predisposition and environmental influences, which result in the specific destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. Currently, there are over 1.6 million cases of T1D in the United States with a worldwide incidence rate that has been increasing since 1990.

Stopping antibacterial prophylaxis in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: An internal audit.

Background: Antibacterial prophylaxis in children and adolescents undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is controversial and not recommended by international guidelines. We analyzed relevant posttransplant outcomes following discontinuation of antibacterial prophylaxis at a major European pediatric transplant center.

Methods: The single-center retrospective audit included all pediatric allogeneic HCT patients (pts) transplanted between 2011 and 2020 before (≤2014) and after (≥2015) stopping routine antibacterial prophylaxis with penicillin, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin upon start of the conditioning regimen.

F-FDG-PET/CT imaging in diagnostic workup of pediatric precursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.

F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging is currently not used in standard diagnostics for B-cell precursor lymphoblastic lymphoma (BCP-LBL), and it is unknown whether PET/CT imaging would lead to agreement between detection of lesions with the gold standard imaging methods. Therefore, we performed a retrospective cohort study in which we included 32 pediatric BCP-LBL patients and determined localizations by reviewing local imaging reports. There was a disagreement between protocol-based imaging and PET/CT in 59% of the patients, and the discrepancies mostly comprise of additional lesions detected with PET/CT, typically in lymph node and bone or the absence of bone marrow involvement with PET/CT.

Flow evaluation software for four-dimensional flow MRI: a reliability and validation study.

Purpose: Four-dimensional time-resolved phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI) enables blood flow quantification in multiple vessels, which is crucial for patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). We investigated net flow volumes in the ascending aorta and pulmonary arteries by four different postprocessing software packages for 4D flow MRI in comparison with 2D cine phase-contrast measurements (2D PC).

Material And Methods: 4D flow and 2D PC datasets of 47 patients with biventricular CHD (median age 16, range 0.