[Incidental finding of an intestinally differentiated adenocarcinoma in a tailgut cyst after robotic-assisted resection].

Due to pelvic symptoms, a diagnostic sectional imaging was initiated in a 52-year-old female patient. This revealed a cystic, retrorectal mass, suspected to be a tailgut cyst. Due to the symptoms and the unclear dignity after several frustrating endosonographic punctures, a robotic-assisted resection of the cystic Tumor was performed after careful interdisciplinary consultation.

Safety and Suitability of the SmartPill® after Abdominal Surgery: Results of the Prospective, Two-Armed, Open-Label PIDuSA Trial.

Introduction: Postoperative ileus (POI) is a common complication after abdominal surgery. Until today, an evidence-based treatment of prolonged POI is still lacking, which can be attributed to the poor quality of clinical trials. Various different surrogate markers used to define POI severity are considered to be the cause of low-quality trials making it impossible to derive treatment recommendation.

[Late Complications of Permanent Intestinal Stomata].

Introduction: Complications following the creation of permanent intestinal ostomies are common and lead to serious problems in the stoma care of affected patients. The aim of this prospective, single-centre follow-up study was to record the rate of late complications in our own patient group and to identify potential risk factors.

Methods: All patients who received a permanent intestinal ostomy in our clinic within the period 2006 - 2016 were included in the study.

[Treatment of HPV-associated Anal Lesions in HIV-positive Patients - Comparison of Surgical Treatment and Topical Therapy with Imiquimod].

Objectives: In HIV-patients, routine proctological assessment is warranted due to the high incidence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection-related anogenital lesions, such as Condylomata acuminata (C. ac.), anal intraepithelial dysplasia (AIN) and anal cancer.

Intestinal manipulation affects mucosal antimicrobial defense in a mouse model of postoperative ileus.

Aim: To explore the effects of abdominal surgery and interleukin-1 signaling on antimicrobial defense in a model of postoperative ileus.

Methods: C57BL/6 and Interleukin-1 receptor type I (IL-1R1) deficient mice underwent intestinal manipulation to induce POI. Expression of mucosal IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-1R1 and several antimicrobial peptides and enzymes were measured by quantitative PCR or ELISA, western blotting or immunohistochemistry.

Ileus in Adults.

Background: Ileus is one of the more common suspected diagnoses in everyday clinical practice. The term can refer either to mechanical or to functional ileus. Any physician who takes care of patients can be confronted with these entities; thus, all should be familiar with them and competent in their management.

Incidentally Detected Focal Liver Lesions - A Common Clinical Management Dilemma Revisited.

Background: Detection of asymptomatic focal liver lesions (FLL) is increasing because of a widespread use of modern radiologic imaging. Most of these lesions are benign, though malignancy often has to be ruled out, which is posing a diagnostic challenge.

Aim: To critically evaluate our treatment strategy in the context of recently published American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) guidelines.

An Improved Suture Technique for Perform Biliary Reconstruction in Orthotopic Liver Transplantation.

Background: The biliary anastomosis remains to be the Achilles' heel of liver transplantation. The incidence of biliary complications (e.g.

Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia (BilIN) is frequently found in surgical margins of biliary tract cancer resection specimens but has no clinical implications.

Biliary tract cancers are aggressive tumors of which the incidence seems to increase. Resection with cancer-free margins is crucial for curative therapy. However, how often biliary intraepithelial neoplasia (BilIN) occurs in resection margins and what its clinical and therapeutic implications might be is largely unknown.

Postoperative ileus involves interleukin-1 receptor signaling in enteric glia.

Background & Aims: Postoperative ileus (POI) is a common consequence of abdominal surgery that increases the risk of postoperative complications and morbidity. We investigated the cellular mechanisms and immune responses involved in the pathogenesis of POI.

Methods: We studied a mouse model of POI in which intestinal manipulation leads to inflammation of the muscularis externa and disrupts motility.

Functional assessment of intestinal motility and gut wall inflammation in rodents: analyses in a standardized model of intestinal manipulation.

Inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract is a common reason for a variety of human diseases. Animal research models are critical in investigating the complex cellular and molecular of intestinal pathology. Although the tunica mucosa is often the organ of interest in many inflammatory diseases, recent works demonstrated that the muscularis externa (ME) is also a highly immunocompetent organ that harbours a dense network of resident immunocytes.

Differential molecular and cellular immune mechanisms of postoperative and LPS-induced ileus in mice and rats.

Ileus is caused by the initiation of a complex cascade of molecular and cellular inflammatory responses within the intestinal muscularis, which might be species specific. Our objective was to investigate a possible immunological divergence in the mechanisms of postoperative- and endotoxin-induced ileus in C57BL/6 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats. Gastrointestinal transit (GIT) was measured at 24 h after the injurious stimulus.

Immune mediators of postoperative ileus.

Unlabelled: CLINICAL BACKGROUND: In all patients undergoing abdominal surgery, a transient phase of interruption of bowel motility, named postoperative ileus (POI) occurs. POI is often accepted as an unavoidable "physiological" response and a self-limiting complication after surgery although it has a significant impact on patient morbidity with prolonged hospitalization and increased costs. Annual economic burden has been estimated as much as US $1.

Effects of immunosuppressive therapy after experimental small bowel transplantation in rats.

Significant improvements of graft and patient survival have been achieved over the past 20 years in the field of intestinal transplantation. Tacrolimus monotherapy with corticosteroids, or in combination with sirolimus is the most commonly used immunosuppressive regimen. Early (24h) after experimental allogenic small bowel transplantation in rats, sirolimus reduces the cellular and molecular inflammatory response with subsequent graft dysmotility more efficiently than tacrolimus, with contrary effects at 7 days after transplantation.

Colonic anastomotic healing in the context of altered macrophage function and endotoxemia.

Purpose: Prevention of perioperative activation of intestinal muscularis macrophages is a promising intervention to avoid post-traumatic gastrointestinal tract dysfunction. However, impaired macrophage function could have deleterious consequences on anastomotic healing, especially in complications aggravating the healing process itself, such as infectious problems either as preexisting local inflammation or infection (e.g.

IL-10 deficiency augments acute lung but not liver injury in hemorrhagic shock.

In hemorrhagic shock and trauma, patients are prone to develop systemic inflammation with remote organ dysfunction, which is thought to be caused by pro-inflammatory mediators. This study investigates the role of the immuno-modulatory cytokine IL-10 in the development of organ dysfunction following hemorrhagic shock. Male C57/BL6 and IL-10 KO mice were subjected to volume controlled hemorrhagic shock for 3h followed by resuscitation.

Proinflammatory role of leukocyte-derived Egr-1 in the development of murine postoperative ileus.

Background & Aims: Early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1) is an important inflammatory transcription factor. We hypothesize that leukocyte-derived Egr-1 plays a key inflammatory role in causing postoperative ileus.

Methods: Wild-type, Egr-1 knockout, and chimera mice (constructed by irradiation followed by injection with Egr-1(+/+) or Egr-1(-/-) bone marrow) were subjected to surgical manipulation of the gastrointestinal tract to induce ileus.

A single intraperitoneal dose of carbon monoxide-saturated ringer's lactate solution ameliorates postoperative ileus in mice.

Treatment with inhaled carbon monoxide (CO) has been shown to ameliorate bowel dysmotility caused by surgical manipulation of the gut in experimental animals. We hypothesized that administration of CO dissolved in lactated Ringer's solution (CO-LR) might provide similar protection to that observed with the inhaled gas while obviating some of its inherent problems. Postoperative gut dysmotility (ileus) was induced in mice by surgical manipulation of the small intestine.