Multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption: systematic review and report of four cases.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to report four cases of multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption and to systematically review the literature on this condition.

Methods: The clinical and radiographic findings and the medical/dental histories of four patients who presented with multiple idiopathic cervical root resorption were recorded. Additionally, 10 references from the literature that reported on 14 patients were reviewed.

Radiographic manifestation of clear cell odontogenic tumor.

Clear cell odontogenic tumors are uncommon, only 20 cases having been reported in the literature. We report a case that presented with unique radiographic manifestations over a period of 12 years; no similar case has been reported to date. Documentation of the malignant nature of the condition and of the range of clinical and radiographic manifestations with which this neoplasm can present provides useful insight into its pathogenesis and progression.

Gingival telangiectases: an underappreciated physical sign of juvenile dermatomyositis.

Background: MEDLINE searches (1966-June 1969) failed to identify references that give detailed descriptions of the oral manifestations of dermatomyositis (DM). However, several reports predating MEDLINE provided more complete descriptions of oral lesions associated with DM.

Observations: We describe 5 cases of juvenile DM with oral manifestations, primarily in the form of gingival telangiectases.

Laser Doppler flowmetry: a clinical test of pulpal vitality.

Problem: A rapid, accurate, noninvasive method of determining pulpal blood flow would be helpful in determining pulpal vitality.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if laser Doppler flowmetry can measure induced changes in pulpal blood flow.

Study Design: Two percent lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 was infiltrated into the labial vestibule to anesthetize five anterior teeth in healthy human volunteers.

Comparison of two laser Doppler systems on the measurement of blood flow of premolar teeth under different pulpal conditions.

An in vivo investigation was conducted to assess the ability of two laser Doppler flowmeters (DRT4, Moor Instruments Ltd; Laserflo BPM2, Vasamedics) to differentiate between vital pulp, ischaemically necrosed pulp, and an empty pulp chamber in premolar teeth in children. Sixteen intact, vital teeth in need of extraction for orthodontic purposes were identified. Laser Doppler blood flow readings were taken prior to (T1) and after the administration of adrenaline-free local anaesthetic (T2), after extraction and replantation of the teeth (T3), and after broaching the pulp tissue and replanting the teeth (T4).

Meeting the educational needs of patients with oral lichen planus.

Lichen planus is a chronic oral disorder that is often painful and annoying. The patients have been described as usually over 50 years old, with a high educational level, anxious and high-strung. In previous research studies, these patients have reported unusual and highly stressful life events.

Pulpal response to cavity preparation with the Er:YAG and Mark III free electron lasers.

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the pulp response to class V cavity preparation with the use of the Er:YAG laser and free electron laser.

Study Design: Class V cavities were prepared in 133 teeth of four beagle dogs by one of three methods: (1) Er:YAG laser, (2) free electron laser, (3) high-speed handpiece. Treatment occurred at 1 hour, 1 day, 7 days, and 28 days.

Assessing the characteristics of patients with oral lichen planus.

The authors assessed the medical history, lifestyles and health habits of 146 patients with oral lichen planus as confirmed by biopsy. The results support a relationship between stress and the development of oral lichen planus. Fifty-one percent of the subjects reported that they had experienced stressful events at the time of the lichen planus onset.

Botryoid odontogenic cyst: analysis of 33 cases.

The botryoid odontogenic cyst is considered to be a multiloculated variant of the lateral periodontal cyst. Fewer than 40 of these lesions have been described, many of which have recurred. This paper describes the demographic, clinical, microscopic, and radiographic features of 33 unreported cases from the files of the Oral Pathology Biopsy Service at the University of North Carolina School of Dentistry.

Peripheral ameloblastoma.

Peripheral ameloblastomas are rare odontogenic tumors presenting as tumoral masses, erythematous plaques, or papillary lesions on the attached gingiva. This study reviews the demographic, clinical, and microscopic features of 8 previously unreported cases. One patient had two separate peripheral ameloblastomas, one 7 years after the first in the opposite side and arch.

Blood-flow mapping of oral tissues by laser Doppler flowmetry.

The purpose of this study was to develop a rapid protocol for noninvasive quantification of blood flow at intraoral sites by laser Doppler flowmetry. For each flow measurement, the lowest flow observed over a 30-s period was recorded. Three flow readings at each site were averaged and recorded.

Wet versus dry enamel ablation by Er:YAG laser.

The purpose of this study was to observe tooth structure and pulpal temperature changes in extracted human teeth subjected to a pulsed Er:YAG (2.94 microns) laser. Two teeth were irradiated while dry and three teeth while moistened by a fine water mist.

Nifedipine-induced gingival hyperplasia.

Gingial hyperplasia is a complication which may be seen in a significant number of patients taking nifedipine (Procardia, Pfizer) a commonly used medication for cardiac vessel dilitation. This is a report of gingival changes in a 43-year-old hypertensive male who began using the calcium channel blocking agent during his active dental treatment. Gingival hyperplasia developed which was severe enough to alter the course of his dental treatment and prompt his changing to other medications to control his blood pressure.

Dental lesions in tumoral calcinosis.

Tumoral calcinosis (TC) is a rare inherited autosomal dominant metabolic disease manifested by elevated serum phosphorus and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D levels and periarticular cystic and solid tumorous calcifications. The dental findings in a large family have been critical in determining the genetic transmission of the condition. Radiographically the teeth have short bulbous roots, pulp stones and partial obliteration of the pulp cavity.

Erbium:YAG (2.94 mum) laser effects on dental tissues.

Past trials with soft and calcified tissues have demonstrated that long pulse train (2.5 mus) Er:YAG (2.94 mum) laser may be used to ablate tooth structure of human teeth.

Skin graft vestibuloplasty exostosis. A report of two cases.

Two cases of exostosis developing after mandibular vestibuloplasty and floor-to-mouth lowering with split thickness skin graft are presented, one with multiple recurrences. The lesion is clinically and microscopically described. Hypotheses with respect to the development of this phenomenon are proposed.

Temporary silastic implantation following discectomy in the primate temporomandibular joint.

Silastic (Dow Corning, Midland, MI) has been used in the surgical treatment of a variety of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders as either a permanent or temporary implant. In this study four Macaca fascicularis monkeys underwent bilateral TMJ discectomies and high condylar shaves. The experimental side was treated with a Silastic sheet implant which was removed at 3 months postdiscectomy.

A peripheral giant-cell granuloma manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism: report of case.

Profuse granulomatous masses of the gingiva frequently occur in patients with gingival and periodontal disease. A 33-year-old female was seen for followup of a previously treated peripheral giant-cell granuloma. Two years earlier, a mass had been removed from the gingiva between the maxillary right central and lateral incisors.

Isolated extramedullary relapse of acute myelogenous leukemia in a tooth.

We report a case of isolated extramedullary relapse of acute myelogenous leukemia in a tooth following bone marrow transplantation. The patient was a 4-yr-old child who developed gingival swelling and bleeding while in bone marrow remission. Crush artifact prevented definitive diagnosis of leukemic relapse in a biopsy of the gingival soft tissue, but decalcification of the tooth showed an unequivocal leukemic infiltrate in the dental pulp.

Duplication of the premolar dentition.

Multiple supernumerary teeth, often associated with various syndromes, is a relatively uncommon isolated dental anomaly. We present a case of a 9-year-old black male patient with complete duplication of the premolar dentition and premolarization of the permanent canines.

Odontogenic tumors in Fischer rats.

The formation of odontogenic tumors in rats is rare unless they are treated with known carcinogens. In this study, male Fischer rats were continuously fed aflatoxins M1, B1, or control diets, then killed at 1, 6, 10, 16, 17, 19 and 21 months. Of the 186 rats fed aflatoxin M1 at 3 concentrations, 12 developed odontogenic tumors; 7 of 63 rats fed an agar-based diet also developed odontogenic tumors in 17-21 months.

Bone scanning with 99mtechnetium phosphate to assess condylar hyperplasia. Report of two cases.

Condylar hyperplasia poses a problem in planning treatment because it is a self-limiting process for some but not all patients. Continued growth creates a progressive deformity that requires condylectomy, whereas an enlarged condyle can be left in place after hyperplastic growth ceases, even if ramus surgery is needed to correct asymmetry. Bone scan with 99mtechnetium phosphate can be used to assist in making the differential diagnosis.

Inverted follicular keratosis.

Inverted follicular keratosis, a benign tumor of the skin believed to arise from the infundibular portion of the hair follicle that can involve perioral skin, has a unique histologic picture. It can be confused with forms of skin cancer; with knowledge of this entity, oral and maxillofacial surgeons may be able to avoid unnecessary surgery. The clinical and microscopic findings of 12 cases of inverted follicular keratosis are reported.