Artificial Intelligence-Generated Writing in the ERAS Personal Statement: An Emerging Quandary for Post-graduate Medical Education.

Objective: This study was designed to investigate if artificial intelligence (AI) detection software can determine the use of AI in personal statements for residency applications.

Method: Previously written personal statements were collected from physicians who had already matched to residency through the Electronic Residency Application System. Physicians were recruited for the study through collegial relationships and were given study information via email.

Individual heart failure patient variability in nocturnal hypoxia and arrhythmias.

Traditional heart failure research often uses daytime population parameter estimates to assess hypoxia and arrhythmias. This approach might not accurately represent heart failure patients as nighttime cardiac behaviors offer crucial insights into their health, especially regarding oxygen levels and heart rhythms. We conducted a prospective study on nocturnal oxygen saturation and heart rate in home-dwelling heart failure patients over 6 nights.

Educating and Retaining the Cancer-Focused Biomedical Workforce from Rural Appalachian Kentucky: The Impact of Experiential Learning and Scholarship Funding.

Kentucky postsecondary education levels are significantly below the national level, with lower levels in the Appalachian region of the state. Health disparities, including high cancer incidence and mortality, make educating and retaining students from the region a priority. The Appalachian Career Training in Oncology (ACTION) program offers cancer-related experiential opportunities and scholarships to Appalachian students.

Documenting the Provision of Emergency Contraceptive Pills Through Youth-Serving Delivery Channels: Exploratory Mixed Methods Research on Malawi's Emergency Contraception Strategy.

Introduction: Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are effective and can be used safely at any age repeatedly within the same cycle. They are often favored by youth yet are underutilized. Private facilities can increase ECP access but present barriers including cost.

Survey of Current Simulation Based Training in the US Military Health System.

Introduction: Simulation-based medical training has been shown to be effective and is widely used in civilian hospitals; however, it is unclear how widely and how effectively simulation is utilized in the U.S. Military Health System (MHS).

Assessing the Ability of a Large Language Model to Score Free-Text Medical Student Clinical Notes: Quantitative Study.

Background: Teaching medical students the skills required to acquire, interpret, apply, and communicate clinical information is an integral part of medical education. A crucial aspect of this process involves providing students with feedback regarding the quality of their free-text clinical notes.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the ability of ChatGPT 3.

Biomarkers of tissue remodelling are elevated in serum of COVID-19 patients who develop interstitial lung disease - an exploratory biomarker study.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral pneumonia that can result in serious respiratory illness. It is associated with extensive systemic inflammation, changes to the lung extracellular matrix, and long-term lung impairment such as interstitial lung disease (ILD). In this study, the aim was to investigate whether tissue remodelling, wound healing, and neutrophil activity is altered in patients with COVID-19 and how these relate to the development of post-COVID ILD.

Acceptability of an Incentivized Peer Referral Intervention to Address COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Adults in Yopougon-Est, Côte d'Ivoire.

Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy persists as a barrier to vaccine uptake among adults across geographies. We pilot-tested an incentivized peer referral intervention in Yopougon-Est, Côte d'Ivoire, to encourage adults who recently received COVID-19 vaccination to discuss their experiences and motivate family and friends to seek vaccination. From May through June 2023, the intervention operated at 2 vaccination sites, where staff approached individuals immediately after receiving COVID-19 vaccination.

Kratom-Induced Psychiatric Decompensation and Paranoid Delusions.

Kratom is a plant extract readily available for purchase in the USA. It is known to produce both stimulant and opioid-related effects, predisposing it to abuse. The long-term effects of kratom are poorly understood.

Management of Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder in Clinical Settings.

The Psychiatric Consultation Service at Massachusetts General Hospital sees medical and surgical inpatients with comorbid psychiatric symptoms and conditions. During their twice-weekly rounds, Dr Stern and other members of the Consultation Service discuss diagnosis and management of hospitalized patients with complex medical or surgical problems who also demonstrate psychiatric symptoms or conditions. These discussions have given rise to rounds reports that will prove useful for clinicians practicing at the interface of medicine and psychiatry.

Herba Epimedii and Increased Opioid Cravings While on Buprenorphine: A Case Report.

Herba Epimedii, commonly known as yin yang huo, inyokaku, and horny goat weed, is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine utilized for treating osteoporosis and enhancing libido. Studies conducted in vitro have demonstrated that Herba Epimedii interacts with the enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). This interaction poses a potential risk for drug-drug interactions, particularly with medications metabolized by CYP3A4, such as buprenorphine.

Development and Assessment of a Six-Item Index to Gauge Motivation to Receive COVID-19 Vaccination.

This study examined the factors influencing vaccine uptake using the Fogg Behavioral Model (FBM) and validated a multi-dimensional index for measuring a key construct in the FBM, motivation, using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Cronbach's alpha. The research was conducted in Yopougon Est, Côte d'Ivoire, and Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. We aimed to develop a motivation index for COVID-19 vaccination uptake informed by the FBM.

Creating allies: qualitative exploration of young women's preferences for PrEP methods and parents' role in PrEP uptake and user support in urban and rural Zambia.

Background: Zambian adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) have high HIV incidence and face barriers to the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Parental support improves PrEP use and adherence in some settings, but negative parental attitudes toward HIV prevention may inhibit engagement with AGYW. We explored perceptions of future PrEP methods among AGYW and parents and parent-youth engagement on HIV prevention and PrEP use.

Preliminary mixed-methods investigation: Impact and acceptability of a combined life skills and adventure therapy program for adolescents.

Introduction: Meaningful occupational therapy interventions for neurodivergent, transition-age adolescents are understudied, and novel intervention approaches that are motivating to this population are needed. Accordingly, in this study we explored the acceptability and impact of a combined life skills/adventure therapy (LS/AT) intervention program for addressing self-identified goals for adolescents with regulation- and sensory-based challenges.

Methods: We used a convergent mixed-methods design.

Using Human-Centered Design to Explore Potential Users' and Men's Views of New Injectable Contraceptives in Kampala and Lagos.

Background: Injectable contraceptives are the most used method in sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted market research to assess potential user attitudes toward 4- and 6-month injectables. We also present user suggestions for marketing these new injectables once they are available.

Service Delivery Considerations for Introducing New Injectable Contraceptives Lasting 4 and 6 Months in Nigeria and Uganda: A Qualitative Study.

Background: New family planning (FP) product introduction requires understanding the target market and support from stakeholders from across the health sector. We aimed to understand the perspectives of FP providers and other stakeholders on the potential introduction of new subcutaneous (SC) depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) injectable contraceptives lasting 4 and 6 months in Nigeria and Uganda.

Methods: Between July 2021 and February 2022, we conducted 48 in-depth interviews (IDIs) and 11 focus group discussions (FGDs) with FP providers and other stakeholders involved with service delivery, program management, and policymaking in Lagos and Abuja in Nigeria and Kampala and Luwero in Uganda.

A Transition to Practice Curriculum for Anesthesiology Fellows.

Graduate medical education trainees must be well-versed in practice management principles and how the application of this knowledge affects their patient care. The lack of exposure of anesthesiology trainees to practice management topics remains an ongoing concern nationally. Given similar feedback regarding education on practice management and financial literacy topics across all of our department's fellowship specialties, a novel pilot curriculum comprising a virtual lecture and workshop series was delivered to anesthesiology fellows throughout the academic years 2020 to 2023.

Prognostic Significance of Incipient Ulceration in Primary Cutaneous Melanoma.

Importance: Ulceration represents a key feature in cutaneous melanoma, contributing to staging according to the current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) system. However, cases with incipient ulceration do not quite fulfill the AJCC definition of ulceration and are consequently classified as nonulcerated, presenting interpretive difficulty for pathologists. The prognostic implication of incipient ulceration is uncertain.

An Adaptive Healthcare Organization Can Effectively Respond to Medical Crises.

Healthcare systems are challenged by unexpected medical crises. Established frameworks and approaches to guide healthcare institutions during these crises are limited in their effectiveness. We propose an Adaptive Healthcare Organization (AHO) system as a framework focused on the dynamic nature of healthcare delivery.

Sequential Extraction of Valuable Bio-Products from Snow Crab () Processing Discards Using Eco-Friendly Methods.

Green extraction methods using a combination of mechanical, enzymatic, and green chemical treatments were evaluated for the sequential extraction of carotenoid pigments, protein, and chitin from crab processing discards. Key objectives included avoiding the use of hazardous chemical solvents, conducting as close to a 100% green extraction as possible, and developing simple processes to facilitate implementation into processing plants without the need for complicated and expensive equipment. Three crab bio-products were obtained: pigmented vegetable oil, pigmented protein powder, and chitin.