Effects of naloxone on glucagon and insulin concentrations after injection of endotoxin in rats.

Objective: To find out how infusions of endotoxin and endotoxin plus naloxone affected glucose, glucagon, and insulin concentrations in rats.

Design: Random control study.

Setting: University hospital, Norway.

Peptic ulcer patterns in Arctic Norway.

While there are four times as many duodenal as gastric ulcers in Europe and the United States, previous studies have shown gastric ulcers to be more common in the Arctic regions of Norway. To investigate a possible change in the duodenal-to-gastric ulcer ratio, the incidence rate of first-time peptic ulcer in a well defined population in Northern Norway was studied by registration of all examinations of the upper digestive tract from 1983 to 1984. In this population, 5.

Haemorrhage-induced increases in glucose, glucagon and insulin levels are blocked by naloxone in rats.

Objective: To find out if the opioids that are liberated during bleeding influence the concentrations of glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, corticosterone and glucose in rats, and if naloxone has any regulatory effect.

Design: Laboratory study.

Setting: University hospital.

Aetiology of peptic ulcer: a prospective population study in Norway.

Study Objective: To analyse simultaneously the effect of several risk factors for peptic ulcer.

Design: Cohort study where all patients with new or incident peptic ulcers in a well defined population were registered for a seven year period. The follow up started with a comprehensive health survey including a questionnaire on diet, lifestyle, psychological and social conditions, and health.

Morphine effects on the release of glucagon, insulin and somatostatin from the isolated, perfused rat pancreas.

The pancreatic glands from six male Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 250 g were isolated and perfused. After 30-min equilibration and 20-min basal periods, perfusion with 0.2 mg/ml of morphine for 20 min resulted in a significant (P < 0.

Morphine and morphine/naloxone modification of glucose, glucagon and insulin levels in fasted and fed rats.

In rats weighing 200-250 g catheters were placed in the internal jugular vein and carotid artery. After 1 week of accommodation the training for the experimental situation, morphine (10 mg kg-1) was injected intravenously alone or in combination with naloxone (0.04 mg ml-1, 0.

Comparison of the modifying effects of somatostatin and propranolol on morphine-induced changes in glucose, glucagon and insulin levels in fed rats.

Twenty-eight rats in four different groups were used. Catheters were implanted in the carotid artery and jugular vein one week before the experiments were performed. The rats were trained to the experimental situation daily, and allowed food and water ad libitum.

Changing incidence of peptic ulcer--facts or artefacts? A cohort study from Tromsø.

Study Objective: The aim was to estimate the age and sex specific incidences of duodenal and gastric ulcers censored for death and migration.

Design: A population based cohort was followed seven years through records of x ray examinations, endoscopies, and operations in the only hospital serving the area.

Setting: The study was conducted in the municipality of Tromsø, Northern Norway, where all men aged 20 to 54 years and women aged 20 to 49 years in 1980, a total of 21,440, were included.

Sorbitol in isolation of rat pancreatic islets. Effects on islet yield, insulin secretion and accumulation of inositol phosphates.

Tissue aggregation and exocrine contamination are problems encountered in gradient separation of pancreatic islets. Here we report that sorbitol used as an osmotic component in Percoll gradients gives a low ionic strength gradient with improved purity of islet fraction, less islet aggregation and reduced time for final manual rinsing following separation in gradients with NaCl as osmotic component. Previous reports have indicated that long-term (weeks) exposure to high sorbitol concentrations leads to low intracellular levels of inositol phosphates and subsequent effects on the intracellular signal transduction in cells.

Is Helicobacter pylori the cause of dyspepsia?

Objective: To determine the association between infection with Helicobacter pylori and dyspepsia.

Design: Cross sectional study of dyspeptic subjects and age and sex matched controls identified by a questionnaire survey of all inhabitants aged 20-69. (Endoscopy, histological examination, and microbiological examinations of biopsies from the gastric mucosa were performed blind.

Glucagon mediates arginine-induced somatostatin secretion from isolated rat pancreatic islets.

Glucagon has been suggested to be a mediator of intra-islet paracrine effect of insulin and somatostatin during nutritive stimulation. The aim of this study was to reveal possible intra-islet interactions between insulin, somatostatin and glucagon in a batch stimulation model with isolated pancreatic islets. Such interactions may influence stimulus-secretion experiments in this experimental model.

Plasma concentrations of motilin and somatostatin are increased in late pregnancy and postpartum.

Objective: To examine plasma levels of motilin and somatostatin throughout pregnancy.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: University Hospital, Norway.

Increments in glucose, glucagon and insulin after morphine in rats, and naloxone blocking of this effect.

In awake rats adapted to experimental conditions and allowed food ad libitum, hyperglycemia was induced by the administration of morphine 10 mg/kg through indwelling catheters in the external jugular vein. High glucose values were measured at 5, 15 and 25 min. Glucagon values were high at 5 and 15 min, and again at basal level at 25 min.

Erosive prepyloric changes in dyspeptics and non-dyspeptics in a defined population. The Sørreisa Gastrointestinal Disorder Study.

In this population-based endoscopic survey we found erosive prepyloric changes (EPC) in 38.5% of dyspeptics and 35.1% of non-dyspeptics.

Somatostatin inhibition of phospholipase C activity in isolated rat pancreatic islets.

We have assessed the effect of somatostatin on the phospholipase C activity in isolated rat pancreatic islets. The phospholipase C activity was measured as the generation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and its metabolite inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate from the hydrolysis of polyphosphoinositides. Inositol phosphates were measured using anion-exchange fast protein liquid chromatography analysis of extracts from islets prelabelled with myo-[3H]inositol.

Medium-associated luteinization expressed as progesterone release in granulosa-luteal cells isolated from patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization.

The present study describes the effect of culture medium components on progesterone release from human granulosa-luteal cells isolated from patients undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF). Progesterone release was selectively measured as a central parameter of in-vitro luteinization, a process believed to decrease the success rate of IVF treatments. Ten different media of relevance to embryo culture were investigated for their effect on progesterone release in unstimulated granulosa cell cultures and in cultures stimulated with human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) (1 IU/ml) during 4 days in vitro.

The interaction between cAMP-dependent and cAMP-independent mechanisms in mediating the somatostatin inhibition of insulin secretion in isolated rat pancreatic islets.

To characterize the intracellular mechanisms by which somatostatin modulates the insulin secretion, studies were performed with isolated rat pancreatic islets at 12 mmol l-1 glucose. Somatostatin (0.1-1000 nmol l-1) inhibited the glucose-induced insulin secretion concentration-dependently.

Increased plasma levels of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in pre-eclampsia.

Objective: To investigate the plasma vasoactive peptide (VIP) levels in pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia.

Design: A prospective clinical study.

Setting: University Department of Obstetrics, Tromsø, Norway.

Prevalences of endoscopic and histological findings in subjects with and without dyspepsia.

Objective: To examine the association between dyspeptic symptoms and endoscopic and histological diagnoses.

Design: Cross sectional study of people with dyspepsia and controls matched for age and sex identified by questionnaire survey of all inhabitants aged 20 to 69. Endoscopy and histological examination was performed with the examiner blind to whether or not the patient had dyspepsia.

Prolactin response to secretin during the spontaneous menstrual cycle in women.

The effect of an intravenous infusion of secretin (2.0 CU/kg/h) on serum prolactin (PRL) and estradiol levels and plasma levels of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and somatostatin (SRIH) was studied in 8 healthy and normally cycling women during the midfollicular phase (cycle day 7), at midcycle (day 14), and during the midluteal phase (day 21) of the menstrual cycle. When compared to basal preinfusion levels, a significant decrease in serum PRL levels was observed at steady state concentrations of plasma secretion (+30 to +60 min) both during the follicular (p less than 0.

The incidence of ulcerative colitis in Northern Norway from 1983 to 1986. The Northern Norwegian Gastroenterology Society.

In a 3-year prospective epidemiologic multicentre study in Northern Norway the average annual incidence of ulcerative colitis was 12.8 per 100,000. Both inpatients and outpatients were included.

Towards a true prevalence of peptic ulcer: the Sørreisa gastrointestinal disorder study.

This study, designed to overcome methodological problems inherent in earlier prevalence studies of peptic ulcer, was carried out in a municipality in northern Norway. It included the total population of 2027, aged 20-69 years, and comprised a questionnaire and search for previously diagnosed peptic ulcers in the local medical records for all subjects, and additional endoscopy of all subjects with dyspepsia and their matched healthy controls (n = 619). The overall prevalence was 10.

The effects of secretin on prolactin, estradiol, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and somatostatin levels in women.

The effect of graded doses of intravenous secretin (0.5, 1.0, and 2.

Effect of intraduodenal bile and Na- taurodeoxycholate on exocrine pancreatic secretion and on plasma levels of secretin, pancreatic polypeptide, and gastrin in man.

The effect of intraduodenally administered cattle bile (CB) and Na-taurodeoxycholate (TDC) on basal pancreatic secretion and plasma levels of secretin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), and gastrin were investigated on two separate days in 10 fasting volunteers. Doses of 2-6 g CB and 200-600 mg TDC were given intraduodenally at 65-min intervals. Volume, bicarbonate, lipase, trypsin, amylase, and bilirubin were measured in 10-min fractions of duodenal juice, and GI peptides determined by radioimmunoassay.