Publications by authors named "Bura Vlad"

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a deep learning model for automatically segmenting pelvic/ovarian and omental lesions in high-grade serous ovarian cancer on CT scans.
  • Using 451 CT scans for training, evaluation, and testing, the model was compared against existing methods and trainee radiologist segmentations.
  • Results indicated that the deep learning model significantly outperformed the standard method for pelvic/ovarian lesions and performed comparably to a trainee radiologist, suggesting that automated segmentation is a viable tool in clinical settings.
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Article Synopsis
  • * Researchers developed a machine learning model that combines clinical, blood-based, and radiomic data from patients to predict changes in disease volume after NACT, achieving an 8% improvement in prediction accuracy when integrating radiomics.
  • * The study shows the importance of using radiomics in patient response models, offering a potential path for creating new clinical trial methods focused on biomarkers in HGSOC treatment.
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Background: High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most prevalent and lethal subtype of ovarian cancer, but has a paucity of clinically-actionable biomarkers due to high degrees of multi-level heterogeneity. Radiogenomics markers have the potential to improve prediction of patient outcome and treatment response, but require accurate multimodal spatial registration between radiological imaging and histopathological tissue samples. Previously published co-registration work has not taken into account the anatomical, biological and clinical diversity of ovarian tumours.

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Background: Pathological response to neoadjuvant treatment for patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is assessed using the chemotherapy response score (CRS) for omental tumor deposits. The main limitation of CRS is that it requires surgical sampling after initial neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) treatment. Earlier and non-invasive response predictors could improve patient stratification.

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Leiomyomas are the most common benign tumors of the uterus. On the opposite side, leiomyosarcomas are rare malignant uterine tumors that account for a significant proportion of uterine cancer deaths. Especially when large and degenerated, leiomyomas and leiomyoma variants can have overlapping imaging characteristics with those of leiomyosarcomas.

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MRI was recently included as a standard pre-operative diagnostic tool for patients with endometrial cancer. MR findings allow a better risk assessment and ultimately guides the surgical planning. Therefore, it is vital that the radiological interpretation is as accurate as possible.

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Different LI-RADS core documents were released for CEUS and for CT/MRI. Both documents rely on major and ancillary diagnostic criteria. The present paper offers an exhaustive comparison of the two documents focusing on the similarities, but especially on the differences, complementarity, and added value of imaging techniques in classifying liver nodules in cirrhotic livers.

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Objectives: To assess the multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) appearances of normal peripheral zone (PZ) across age groups in a biopsy-naïve population, where prostate cancer (PCa) was subsequently excluded, and propose a scoring system for background PZ changes.

Methods: This retrospective study included 175 consecutive biopsy-naïve patients (40-74 years) referred with a suspicion of PCa, but with subsequent negative investigations. Patients were grouped by age into categories ≤ 54, 55-59, 60-64, and ≥ 65 years.

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Objective: To evaluate the inter- and intraobserver agreement of COVID-RADS and CO-RADS reporting systems among differently experienced radiologists in a population with high estimated prevalence of COVID-19.

Methods And Materials: Chest CT scans of patients with clinically-epidemiologically diagnosed COVID-19 were retrieved from an open-source MosMedData data set, randomised, and independently assigned COVID-RADS and CO-RADS grades by an abdominal radiology fellow, thoracic imaging fellow and a consultant cardiothoracic radiologist. The inter- and intraobserver agreement of the two systems were assessed using the Fleiss' and Cohen's κ coefficients, respectively.

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Article Synopsis
  • * It aids in identifying and characterizing nipple lesions, making it a preferred choice for initial assessment.
  • * The study also correlates outcomes from mammography and MRI with histopathological findings in relevant cases.
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To this date, it is a major oncological challenge to optimally diagnose, stage, and manage intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Imaging can not only diagnose and stage ICC, but it can also guide management. Hence, imaging is indispensable in the management of ICC.

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Accurate staging of bladder cancer (BC) is critical, with local tumor staging directly influencing management decisions and affecting prognosis. However, clinical staging based on clinical examination, including cystoscopy and transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), often understages patients compared to final pathology at radical cystectomy and lymph node (LN) dissection, mainly due to underestimation of the depth of local invasion and the presence of LN metastasis. MRI has now become established as the modality of choice for the local staging of BC and can be additionally utilized for the assessment of regional LN involvement and tumor spread to the pelvic bones and upper urinary tract (UUT).

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Surgical flaps are commonly used for pelvic reconstruction in a subgroup of patients with locally advanced or recurrent anorectal and gynecologic malignancies and following complications of pelvic irradiation. Surgical scenarios where flaps may be placed include (but are not limited to) extended or radical abdominal perineal resection (APR) and total pelvic exenteration (PE). Surgical flaps in pelvic reconstruction serve several functions, including reducing dead space and providing structural support, facilitating wound closure and cosmetic appearance, enhancing the postsurgical healing process, protecting anastomoses and helping to prevent adhesions of organs and viscera to adjacent structures and the pelvic side wall.

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Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is an increasingly utilized sequence in the assessment of abdominal and pelvic lesions. Benign lesions containing hemorrhagic products, with conglomerates of tightly packed blood cells or fibers, can have restricted water diffusion on DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient maps. Such lesions can have restricted diffusion erroneously attributed to malignancy.

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Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is a novel surgical approach, currently performed for an array of conditions. Endoscopic procedures offer significant benefits, including lower cost, no surgical incisions, and shorter hospital stays. These advantages align with the current trends in health care, namely a push for "cost-effective care.

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