Culturally tailored aerobic exercise intervention for low-income Latinas.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of community-based, culturally tailored exercise intervention on the moderate and vigorous physical activity and physiologic outcomes of low-income Latino women (Latinas).

Design: A randomized trial contrasted safety education to an aerobic dance intervention.

Setting: Interventions were held in a "store-front" exercise site near a community clinic.

Comparison of infrared versus contact thermometry for measuring skin temperature during exercise in the heat.

The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of non-contact infrared thermometry to measure mean skin temperature in resting and exercising subjects in cold, thermo-neutral and hot environments. The subjects for the study were six healthy volunteers. Skin temperature was measured at three sites: the forearm, chest and calf on each subject using both contact thermistors and a non-contact infrared thermometer.

Sodium ion concentration vs. sweat rate relationship in humans.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of active heat acclimation on the sweat osmolality and sweat sodium ion concentration vs. sweat rate relationship in humans. Eight healthy male volunteers completed 10 days of exercise in the heat.

Sulfatase modifying factor 1 trafficking through the cells: from endoplasmic reticulum to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Sulfatase modifying factor 1 (SUMF1) is the gene mutated in multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) that encodes the formylglycine-generating enzyme, an essential activator of all the sulfatases. SUMF1 is a glycosylated enzyme that is resident in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), although it is also secreted. Here, we demonstrate that upon secretion, SUMF1 can be taken up from the medium by several cell lines.

Recruitment of the serratus anterior as an accessory muscle of ventilation during graded exercise.

The role of the serratus anterior (SA) as an accessory muscle of ventilation and its physiologic significance under exercising conditions remains unclear. Recent investigations have utilized the measurement of SA as an analog for respiratory muscle oxygenation. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the action of the serratus anterior via surface electromyography (EMG) and near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during exercise while controlling for muscular effort not related to ventilation.

Effects of hypoxia on the onset of muscle deoxygenation and the lactate threshold.

Six subjects performed two trials of incremental cycling to exhaustion under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The lactate threshold and onset of muscle deoxygenation were highly correlated under both conditions, and during the hypoxic condition both variables shifted leftward.

Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) improves glucose and insulin regulation in well-controlled, type 2 diabetes: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of efficacy and safety.

Background And Aim: To address the paucity of randomized clinical studies assessing ginseng on long-term outcomes in type 2 diabetes, we assessed the clinical antidiabetic efficacy and safety of 12 weeks of supplementation with a Korean red ginseng (KRG) preparation, dose, and mode of administration, selected from an acute, clinical, screening model.

Methods And Results: Nineteen participants with well-controlled type 2 diabetes (sex: 11 M:8 F, age: 64+/-2 years, BMI: 28.9+/-1.

Living donor liver transplantation and management of portal venous pressure.

Small-for-size syndrome occurs in the presence of a reduced mass of liver that is insufficient to maintain normal liver function. It has been speculated that this dysfunction is principally associated with graft exposure to excessive portal perfusion. The aim of these cases was to evaluate the efficacy of octreotide, a splanchnic vasoconstrictor, and esmolol, a selective beta-blocker, to modify the portal perfusion in the postoperative phase after left living related liver transplantation (LRLT).

Treatment of experimental chronic chagas disease with trifluralin.

We tested trifluralin against Trypanosoma cruzi in a model of chronic Chagas disease in mice. CF1 mice (n=148) were intraperitoneally infected with 10(5) trypomastigotes of T. cruzi, H510C8C3 clone.

Korean red ginseng rootlets decrease acute postprandial glycemia: results from sequential preparation- and dose-finding studies.

Background: Fractionation of a ginseng source to produce differences in the ginsenoside profile might influence its effect on postprandial glycemia. To explore this possibility and identify an efficacious ginseng for a longterm study, we conducted a preparation-finding study of different Korean red ginseng (KRG) root fractions followed by a dose-finding study of the most efficacious fraction.

Methods: A double-blind, randomized, within-subject design was used in both studies.

Optineurin increases cell survival and translocates to the nucleus in a Rab8-dependent manner upon an apoptotic stimulus.

In glaucoma the retinal ganglion cells of the retina die through the induction of apoptosis leading to excavation of the optic nerve and blindness. Mutations in the optineurin (optic neuropathy inducing) protein were found associated with an adult form of glaucoma. To date, the role of optineurin in the neurodegeneration process that occurs during glaucoma is still unknown.

Effect of exercise-induced hyperthermia on serum iron concentration.

Serum iron levels have been shown to decline both with fever and with strenuous exercise, leading to the supposition that the decrease might be the result of a rise in core body temperature. To evaluate this hypothesis, the serum iron response to an exercise-induced 1.5 degrees C rise in core body temperature was measured.

Skin blood flow affects in vivo near-infrared spectroscopy measurements in human skeletal muscle.

Skin blood flow affects NIRS. Leg skin blood flow (SkBF) was increased and decreased following local heating and intradermal epinephrine injection. Epinephrine decreased muscle saturation (StO(2)), and heating the leg increased StO(2).

Pet therapy and institutionalized elderly: a study on 144 cognitively unimpaired subjects.

The aim of this study was to assess whether a pet therapy program had a favorable effect on psychopathological status and perception of quality of life in cognitively unimpaired institutionalized elderly. Seven elderly rest homes in Veneto Region of Northern Italy participated in the project, which was conducted on 144 cognitively intact elderly residents (97 females and 47 males). The participants were randomly divided into three groups: 48 subjects were given a canary, 43 subjects were given a plant, and 53 subjects were given nothing.

Effects of sodium bicarbonate on VO2 kinetics during heavy exercise.

Purpose: Sodium bicarbonate was used to investigate the effect of blood pH on VO2 kinetics during heavy exercise.

Methods: On separate days, 10 active subjects performed two 6-min cycling bouts (208 +/- 12 W) at 25 W above their ventilatory threshold. Each subject ingested 0.

HLA class II typing in newborns reveals a low frequency of the DRB1*04 allele and a high frequency of DRB1*11 allele in three regions of continental Italy.

As part of a longitudinal study aimed at defining the natural history of prediabetic autoimmunity and predicting the risk of future cases of type 1 diabetes, 3607 newborns from three regions of continental Italy (Lombardia, Liguria, and Lazio) were subjected to genetic testing to determine human leukocyte antigen-DRB1 (HLA-DRB1) and -DQB1 allele and phenotype frequencies. Polymerase chain reaction and immobilized sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe assays were used to identify ten DRB1 allele lineages and three DQB1 alleles. No major inter-regional differences emerged in the allelic distribution indicating homogeneous distribution of the HLA DRB1-DQB1 alleles among the three regions analyzed.

Effect of skin temperature on the cholinergic sensitivity of the human eccrine sweat gland.

Unlabelled: Although sweat gland activity is directly controlled by the central nervous system, which detects changes in core body temperature, sweat glands can also be influenced by local cutaneous thermal conditions.

Objective: The present study sought to determine the effect of local skin temperature on pilocarpine-induced sweating within a range of typical skin temperatures.

Methods: Thirteen subjects (30 +/- 6 years; 172 +/- 11 cm; 72.

Genetic prediction of type 1 diabetes in a population with low frequency of HLA risk genotypes and low incidence of the disease (the DIABFIN study).

Background: To develop a sensitive, specific screening strategy for predicting genetic risk for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in the low-incidence continental Italian population, and to define with this tool, a cohort of high-to-moderate risk infants for an immunological follow-up study aimed at identifying environmental risk factors for T1DM.

Methods: 4855 newborns in three regions of continental Italy were screened for T1DM HLA-DRB1-DQB1 risk genotypes using a reverse line blot typing method. Risk classification was based on odds ratios (OR) found in a preliminary case-control study (356 T1DM patients, 412 controls).

The effect of ambient air temperature on whole-body bioelectrical impedance.

It has previously been shown that extreme changes in ambient air temperature can affect whole-body bioelectrical impedance. The purpose of this study was to determine if more moderate changes in ambient air temperature, such as those experienced in most laboratory settings, would also affect bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA). In addition, to elucidate the mechanism responsible for changes in BIA with ambient air temperature, both skin blood flow (SBF) and the electrode-skin interface temperature were independently manipulated to determine their effect on BIA.

[Age-related loss of maternal antibodies against measles in children in La Plata].

Measles outbreaks every 3-4 years have occurred in Argentina. The vaccine was introduced in 1978 as part of a regular program, and the age for the first vaccination was changed to one year old. The optimal age for first measles vaccination is defined as that age with the highest proportion of infants responding to the vaccine.

Regulation of sulfur amino acid metabolism in men in response to changes in sulfur amino acid intakes.

We showed previously that 64% of the total dietary sulfur amino acid (SAA) requirement could be supported by dietary cysteine (Cys). However, the observation of such a sparing effect may be affected by the dietary intakes of SAA provided. The aim of this study was to compare methionine (Met) metabolism and transsulfuration (TS) in five healthy men fed three different diets (in random order) for 3 d each, with varying combinations of Met and Cys: 24 mg Met/(kg.

Thermoregulation in burn patients during exercise.

The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of patients with burns on 30 to 40% and 60% or greater of their BSA to thermoregulate their core temperature during exercise in the heat. Two groups (n = 3 in each) of subjects with healed third-degree burns (34.0 +/- 1.

Literature overview on artificial liver support in fulminant hepatic failure: a methodological approach.

Artificial liver support is a therapeutic option for subjects with fulminant hepatic failure. Results of these studies suggest a possible favourable effect on this condition. The aim of the present review is to evaluate not the results of the different artificial systems available but the methodology used to achieve these results.

Effect of acute normobaric hypoxia on peripheral sweat rate.

Peripheral sweat rate was measured to determine if acute normobaric hypoxia exerted a local inhibition on sweat gland function. It was hypothesized that peripheral sweat rate would be reduced during hypoxia, following cholinergic stimulation. Nineteen subjects (24 +/- 3 yr; 177 +/- 9 cm; 75.