Navigating Children's Risky Play: A Comparative Analysis of Saudi Mothers and Fathers.

Despite documented benefits for development, children are engaging in considerably fewer risky play activities. Research on parent gender and children's risky play is inconsistent. Gender and cultural context shape how individuals perceive and tolerate children's risky play.

Does the PedsQL reflect the real-time quality of life in autistic adolescents? A comparison with the experience sampling methodology.

Background: The PedsQL is widely used to retrospectively evaluate quality of life (QoL) in autistic adolescents. However, concerns have arisen regarding its ability to reflect real-time QoL, considering their challenges in recollecting past experiences.

Objective: We examined the overall and social QoLs of autistic adolescents compared to neurotypical peers using the PedsQL and the experience sampling method (ESM), an ecological momentary assessment of QoL in real-time.

An evaluation of intervention appropriateness from the perspective of parents: A peer-mediated, play-based intervention for children with ADHD.

Introduction: A peer-mediated, play-based intervention has been developed to address social participation challenges experienced by children with ADHD. To facilitate implementation into clinical practice, interventions should be evaluated for appropriateness to the end-user, as well as effectiveness. Previous research demonstrated the approach is effective for improving children's social play skills.

Play as Occupation: The State of Our Science and a Research Agenda for the Profession.

Occupational therapists view play through a unique lens. Considering play as a human occupation, and one to which all people have a right, places occupational therapists among a special group of professionals championing play. This State of the Science article seeks to increase awareness regarding the occupational therapy profession's contributions and to situate those contributions within the larger body of literature on play while also promoting further study of play as an occupation.

Ideational Praxis, Play, and Playfulness: A Cross-Sectional Study of Autistic Children.

Importance: Assessment of praxis skills is an essential aspect of understanding autistic children's development of play and playfulness.

Objective: To assess the relationship and influence of ideational praxis skills on play skills and playfulness among autistic children.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Development of the Scale of Parental Playful Attitude During the Co-Occupation of Play.

Importance: There is a need for tools to measure adults' playfulness in reference to parent-child joint play.

Objective: To (1) develop items for the Scale of Parental Playful Attitude (PaPA), (2) evaluate evidence for validity based on content, and (3) evaluate evidence for validity based on the response process.

Design: A mixed-methods design with three phases: (1) development of the first draft of the PaPA (based on the literature, focus groups, and semistructured interviews), (2) review by experts and revision of the first draft, and (3) cognitive interviews with parents.

Validation of an Instrument That Measures Factors Affecting Saudi Parents' Tolerance of Risky Play: A Rasch Analysis.

Importance: Benefits of children's participation in risky play are broadly recognized. However, most related research originates in Western countries; none focuses on outdoor play in Eastern countries, including Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, although the literature identifies varying perspectives on risky play among parents, there is no objective measure to assess personal, situational, and cultural factors shaping their risk tolerance.

Chokeberry reduces inflammation in human preadipocytes.

Chokeberry, , is an indigenous fruit from North America used as food and to prevent chronic disease by Indigenous Peoples. The objective of this study was to test anti-inflammatory effects of anthocyanin on palmitic acid (PA)-induced IL-6 gene expression, IL-6 DNA methylation, and histone (H3) acetylation. Additionally, we examined effects of anthocyanins Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (C3Gal) and Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) on IL-6 gene expression.

Performance Analysis of Driving Ability (P-Drive): Investigating Construct Validity and Concordance of Australasian Data.

On-road assessment is optimal for determining medical fitness-to-drive but unreliable if determined by global pass/fail decisions alone. Occupational therapists need standardized, psychometrically sound on-road scoring procedures. Performance Analysis of Driving Ability (P-Drive) is a promising on-road test developed in Sweden, but it has not been standardized for Australasia.

Activity-Based Therapy for Mobility, Function and Quality of Life after Spinal Cord Injuries-A Mixed-Methods Case Series.

(1) Background: Despite inconclusive evidence on the benefits of activity-based therapies (ABTs) in people with spinal cord injuries, implementation has occurred in clinics worldwide in response to consumers' requests. We explored the clinical changes and participants' perceptions from engaging in an ABT program in the community. (2) Methods: This mixed-methods study involved a pragmatic observational multiple-baseline design and an evaluation of participants' perceptions.

The impact of coping behaviors on perceived competence and social anxiety in the everyday social engagement of autistic adolescents.

Individuals who cope well with challenges may engage in social situations more successfully. We examined how well autistic adolescents coped, depending on how competent they felt and how much anxiety they experienced during social activities. We included 133 individuals (82 autistic, 51 neurotypical) between the ages of 10 and 16 years.

Evaluation in Ayres Sensory Integration® Praxis Tests: Construct Validity and Internal Reliability.

Importance: Assessment of praxis using valid and reliable measures is important for understanding factors affecting occupational participation.

Objective: To evaluate evidence of construct validity and internal reliability of data gathered with four newly developed praxis tests.

Design: Comparative descriptive design.

Virtual Risk Management-Exploring Effects of Childhood Risk Experiences through Innovative Methods (ViRMa) for Primary School Children in Norway: Study Protocol for the ViRMa Project.

Background: Research indicates that risky play benefits children's risk assessment and risk management skills and offers several positive health effects such as resilience, social skills, physical activity, well-being, and involvement. There are also indications that the lack of risky play and autonomy increases the likelihood of anxiety. Despite its well-documented importance, and the willingness of children to engage in risky play, this type of play is increasingly restricted.

Representational change is integral to reasoning.

Reasoning is the derivation of new knowledge from old. The reasoner must represent both the old and new knowledge. This representation will change as reasoning proceeds.

Scale of Parental Playfulness Attitude (PaPA): Psychometric Properties With Latino Caregivers in the United States.

Importance: Parent-child play is a beneficial and meaningful co-occupation. Therapists who want to optimize parent-child play for Latino- and Latina-American dyads need valid, reliable measures to assess caregiver playfulness in addition to preexisting measures of child playfulness.

Objective: To evaluate data collected from Latino-American caregivers with the Scale of Parental Playfulness Attitude (PaPA), a 28-item parent self-report to determine its construct validity, internal reliability, and cross-cultural validity.

Evaluation in Ayres Sensory Integration® (EASI) Tactile Perception Tests: Construct Validity and Internal Reliability.

Importance: Assessment of tactile perception is foundational for addressing aspects of occupational performance.

Objective: To evaluate the construct validity and internal reliability of four new tactile perception tests.

Design: Causal comparative groups design.

Evaluation of a transitions clinic to bridge emergency department and primary care.

Background: Suboptimal transitions from the emergency department (ED) to ambulatory settings contribute to poor clinical outcomes and unnecessary nonurgent ED utilization. Care transition clinics (CTCs) are a potential solution by providing ED follow-up and facilitating the bridge to longer-term primary care.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the implementation of an ED transitions clinic on 30-day ED revisits and hospital readmissions.

Predicting Fitness to Drive for Medically At-Risk Drivers Using Touchscreen DriveSafe DriveAware.

Importance: Occupational therapists require valid cognitive fitness-to-drive tools to advise drivers in this high-stakes area.

Objective: To examine the psychometric properties and predictive validity of data gathered with the touchscreen DriveSafe DriveAware (DSDA).

Design: Prospective study that compared a screening tool with a criterion standard.

Entering Kindergarten After Years of Play: A Cross-Case Analysis of School Readiness Following Play-Based Education.

Cross-case study research was used to explore the school readiness of four 5-year-old children entering kindergarten during the 2020-2021 school year after three or more years of play-based early childhood education at a Reggio Emilia-inspired early childhood education center. Data included a series of three 1-h individual interviews with four mothers and three kindergarten teachers, field visits during remote learning, and artifact collection over the course of the school year. Themes describing the children's school readiness were developed through cross-case analysis.

A pairwise randomised controlled trial of a peer-mediated play-based intervention to improve the social play skills of children with ADHD: Outcomes of the typically-developing playmates.

To examine the effectiveness of a play-based intervention for improving social play skills of typically-developing playmates of children with ADHD. Children (5-11 years) were randomised to an intervention (n = 15) or waitlisted control group (n = 14). The Test of Playfulness was scored by a blinded rater.

Effects of maternal HF diet and absence of TRPC1 gene on mouse placental growth and fetal intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).

Placental tissue intracellular calcium (Ca) regulates placental development and growth. Maternal high-fat diet (HFD) results in placental lipid accumulation, increased inflammation, reduced nutrient transport expression, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Currently, whether maternal HFD differentially affects placental and fetal growth and development under reduced Ca influx is not yet known.