Humoral response 24 months after the first COVID-19 vaccination in people with HIV with and without diabetes.

People with HIV (PWH) and people with diabetes mellitus have increased risk of severe COVID-19, but little is known about humoral response to COVID-19 vaccines in PWH with DM. We investigated SARS-CoV-2 antireceptor-binding domain (anti-RBD) immunoglobulin G (IgG) geometrical concentrations and neutralizing antibody capacity (nAB) in PWH with and without diabetes mellitus. Anti-RBD IgG and nAB in COVID-19-vaccinated PWH were not associated with diabetes mellitus-status or HbA1c 24 months after the initial COVID-19 vaccination.

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) and associated risk of infective endocarditis.

Purpose: Bacteremia is a well-known complication to surgery and may result in infective endocarditis (IE). Transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) may give rise to bacteremia, but the associated risk of IE is not well described. We aimed to examine risk of infective endocarditis following TUR-P.

Susceptibility to and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection according to prescription drug use-an observational study of 46,506 Danish healthcare workers.

It is not well investigated whether exposure to specific drug classes is associated with COVID-19. We investigated the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 among healthcare workers according to prescription drug use. We conducted an observational study among Danish healthcare workers.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) prostheses - biofilm formation and antibiotic effects.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a percutaneous catheter-based treatment of aortic stenosis as an alternative to open heart valve surgery. In cases of TAVI endocarditis, the treatment possibilities may be limited as surgical removal of the infected valve may be associated with a high risk in elderly, comorbid or frail patients. The propensity of bacteria to form a biofilm on foreign material is assumed to be of importance part of the disease process in TAVI endocarditis, but no studies on biofilm formation on TAVI valves have been conducted.

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Up to 70% of all sudden cardiac deaths (SCD) in persons under 50 years are due to inherited cardiovascular diseases. First-degree relatives to younger SCD patients should be evaluated for inherited cardiovascular disease, as argued in this review. An improved understanding of SCD subtypes and genetics is expected to improve risk stratification and SCD prevention.

[Not Available].

This review outlines the workflow for patients and relatives with suspected inherited cardiovascular disease, diagnostic criteria, inheritance patterns, and »red flags« for selected conditions. Evaluation for inherited cardiovascular disease typically includes the index patient (proband) and relatives, emphasizing the importance of assessment at specialized clinics. Most inherited cardiovascular conditions have an autosomal dominant inheritance, but other patterns are seen.

Validity of a Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Diagnosis in Adult Patients in the Danish National Patient Register.

Purpose: To assess the positive predictive value (PPV) of the diagnostic codes for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in the Danish National Patient Register (DNPR) and identify factors affecting the PPV.

Patients And Methods: We randomly sampled 200 patients registered in DNPR with the diagnostic codes DI421 (obstructive) or DI422 (non-obstructive) HCM, from Eastern Denmark, between December 1, 2017, and September 16, 2021. We assessed patients' medical records and classified whether the diagnosis of HCM was correct, incorrect, or uncertain according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines.

Family Screening in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Identification of Relatives With Low Yield From Systematic Follow-Up.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common inherited cardiac disease, and clinical and genetic family screening is recommended by guidelines.

Objectives: This study sought to investigate the diagnostic yield of screening relatives of HCM patients and identify predictive factors for HCM development during long-term follow-up in relatives from gene-elusive families.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of families screened at clinics for inherited cardiomyopathies in Eastern Denmark, from 2006 to 2023.

Half-Life and Clearance of Cardiac Troponin I and Troponin T in Humans.

Background: Cardiac troponin (cTn) is key in diagnosing myocardial infarction (MI). After MI, the clinically observed half-life of cTn has been reported to be 7 to 20 hours, but this estimate reflects the combined elimination and simultaneous release of cTn from cardiomyocytes. More precise timing of myocardial injuries necessitates separation of these 2 components.

Incidentally Induced Atrial Fibrillation During Programmed Electrical Stimulation in Patients With Depressed Left Ventricular Systolic Function After an Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical implication of incidentally induced atrial fibrillation (AF) during programmed electrical stimulation (PES) in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (≤40%) after an acute myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: In this study, we included 231 patients from the Cardiac Arrhythmias and RIsk Stratification after Myocardial InfArction (CARISMA) study with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% and no prior history of AF. These patients underwent PES 6 weeks post-MI as part of the study protocol.

Sex and Population-Specific 99th Percentiles of Troponin for Myocardial Infarction in the Danish Population (DANSPOT).

Background: Sex- and population-specific 99th percentiles of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) are recommended in guidelines although the evidence for a clinical utility is sparse. The DANSPOT trial will investigate the clinical effect of sex- and population-specific 99th percentiles of cTn. We report the 99th percentiles derived from this trial and their dependency on kidney function.

Implications of Age for the Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Cardiac Troponin T and I.

Background: The influence of age on cardiac troponin is unclear and may vary between cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and I (cTnI). We aimed to compare the impact of age on the diagnostic and prognostic utility of cTnT and cTnI.

Methods: This Danish nationwide, register-based cohort study included patients with at least one cardiac troponin (cTn) measurement from 2009 through June 2022, stratified into decades of age.

Quality of Life and Exercise Capacity in Early Stage and Subclinical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Secondary Analysis of the VANISH Trial.

Background: The health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) performance of individuals with subclinical and early stage hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have not been systematically studied. Improved understanding will inform the natural history of HCM and factors influencing well-being.

Methods: VANISH trial (Valsartan for Attenuating Disease Evolution in Early Sarcomeric HCM) participants with early stage sarcomeric HCM (primary analysis cohort) and subclinical HCM (sarcomere variant without left ventricular hypertrophy comprising the exploratory cohort) who completed baseline and year 2 HRQOL assessment via the pediatric quality of life inventory and CPET were studied.

Biallelic variants in cause a novel autosomal recessive syndrome presenting with cardiac conduction defects and variable hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

encodes for the Popeye domain-containing protein 2 which has an important role in cardiac pacemaking and conduction, due in part to its cAMP-dependent binding and regulation of TREK-1 potassium channels. Loss of in mice results in sinus pauses and bradycardia and morpholino knockdown of zebrafish results in atrioventricular (AV) block. We identified bi-allelic variants in in 4 families that presented with a phenotypic spectrum consisting of sinus node dysfunction, AV conduction defects and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Interatrial Communications: Prevalence and Subtypes in 12,385 Newborns-a Copenhagen Baby Heart Study.

The prevalence of interatrial communications in newborns, i.e., patent foramen ovale or atrial septal defect, was previously reported to be between 24 and 92%, but the area has been impeded by lack of a universal classification method.

Left Ventricular Noncompaction in Childhood: Echocardiographic Follow-Up and Prevalence in First-Degree Relatives.

Background: Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is characterized by excessive trabeculations of the left ventricular (LV) wall.

Objectives: The authors aimed to examine changes in LV function and morphology in 2 to 4-year-old children with and without LVNC at birth and to describe the prevalence of LVNC in first-degree relatives.

Methods: Echocardiograms in children with and without LVNC (matched 1:4) were performed at 2 to 4 years and in first-degree relatives.