Behavioral Activation Contributed to the Total Reduction of Depression Symptoms in the Smartphone-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized, Controlled Trial.

The contribution of components in cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) to the total reduction of depression symptoms has not been well elucidated, and previous studies couldn't exclude the human factors in the therapy. This is a secondary analysis of a randomized, controlled trial comparing automated smartphone CBT without human factors plus antidepressant switch against antidepressant switch alone among patients with antidepressant-resistant depression. The present CBT consisted of self-monitoring, behavioral activation, and cognitive restructuring.

Predicting recurrence of depression using lifelog data: an explanatory feasibility study with a panel VAR approach.

Background: Although depression has a high rate of recurrence, no prior studies have established a method that could identify the warning signs of its recurrence.

Methods: We collected digital data consisting of individual activity records such as location or mobility information (lifelog data) from 89 patients who were on maintenance therapy for depression for a year, using a smartphone application and a wearable device. We assessed depression and its recurrence using both the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.

Whose depression deteriorates during acute phase antidepressant treatment?

Background: Few studies have investigated the proportion of patients with depression who experience worsening of depression symptoms during adequate antidepressant treatment. The current study aimed to investigate the proportion and predictors of worsening depression during antidepressant treatment in a multi-center randomized trial involving patients with major depression.

Methods: We defined the deterioration of depression using depression symptom severity evaluated by total Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score increases from week 0 to week 9 during acute phase antidepressant treatment.

Correction: Smartphone Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as an Adjunct to Pharmacotherapy for Refractory Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/jmir.8602.

Optimising first- and second-line treatment strategies for untreated major depressive disorder - the SUN☺D study: a pragmatic, multi-centre, assessor-blinded randomised controlled trial.

Background: For patients starting treatment for depression, current guidelines recommend titrating the antidepressant dosage to the maximum of the licenced range if tolerated. When patients do not achieve remission within several weeks, recommendations include adding or switching to another antidepressant. However, the relative merits of these guideline strategies remain unestablished.

Smartphone Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as an Adjunct to Pharmacotherapy for Refractory Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: In the treatment of major depression, antidepressants are effective but not curative. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is also effective, alone or in combination with pharmacotherapy, but accessibility is a problem.

Objective: The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of a smartphone CBT app as adjunctive therapy among patients with antidepressant-resistant major depression.

Cognitive training for divergent thinking in schizophrenia: a pilot study.

Individuals with schizophrenia demonstrate deficits in divergent thinking. This ability is indispensable for generating creative solutions and navigating the complexities of social interactions. In a pilot study, seventeen stable schizophrenia outpatients were randomly assigned to a training program for divergent thinking or a control program on convergent thinking.

Subjective assessments of the quality of life, well-being and self-efficacy in patients with schizophrenia.

Aim: The present study examined three kinds of subjective assessment scales in the same patient group with schizophrenia to analyze the correlations among scores obtained in relation to the background data.

Method: Thirty-six patients with schizophrenia were examined with the 26-item short form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHO-QOL 26), Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptic drug treatment: Short Japanese version (SWNS) and Self-Efficacy for Community Life scale (SECL) for subjective assessment scales, five kinds of neurocognitive tests, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for clinical symptom, Social Functioning Scale (SFS), and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale for social functioning.

Result: The scores for delusions (components of positive syndrome), anxiety and depression (components of general psychopathology) on the PANSS significantly correlated with QoL and subjective well-being scores.

Effects of the CYP2D6*10 alleles and co-medication with CYP2D6-dependent drugs on risperidone metabolism in patients with schizophrenia.

Objective: Risperidone is converted to 9-hydroxyrisperidone by CYP2D6. Two parameters were used to examine the influences of CYP2D6 polymorphism and of co-medication on risperidone metabolism: the risperidone:9-hydroxyrisperidone concentration ratio (R:9-OHR ratio) and the sum of the risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone concentrations divided by the dose (C:D ratio). We evaluated the effect of the CYP2D6*10 allele, which is a prevalent mutant allele among East Asians.

Association between duration of untreated psychosis, premorbid functioning, and cognitive performance and the outcome of first-episode schizophrenia in Japanese patients: prospective study.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to identify the relationship between duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), premorbid functioning, and cognitive dysfunction and the outcome of first-episode schizophrenia.

Method: Thirty-four neuroleptic-naïve patients who consulted hospitals in Tokyo and who were treated by psychiatrists for the first time were evaluated with regard to DUP, premorbid functioning, psychiatric symptoms, and global functioning. The neuropsychological test battery consisted of the Letter Cancellation Test, Trail-Making Test, Digit Span and Verbal Fluency Test.

Relation between social functioning and neurocognitive test results using the Optional Thinking Test in schizophrenia.

The current study investigated the relationship between clinical evaluations of social functioning and neurocognitive test results, including various fluency tests for assessing divergent thinking, in patients with schizophrenia. The Optional Thinking Test (OTT) was used to measure the ability of individuals to conceive of alternatives. This test assesses alternative thinking, or the capacity to generate solutions to problems.