COVID-19 Impact on Residential Preferences in the Early-Stage Outbreak in South Korea.

In the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea, public fear or social scaring of urban living was observed, which caused people to change their daily routines. This study examines how the COVID-19 pandemic affected residential choice and perceptions of urban living. We analyzed self-reported survey data collected from 2000 participants in Seoul, Daegu, and Kyeongbuk in South Korea between 3-6 August 2020, targeting the relatively controlled period after the first COVID-19 outbreak.

Developing Sidewalk Inventory Data Using Street View Images.

(1) Background: Public sidewalk GIS data are essential for smart city development. We developed an automated street-level sidewalk detection method with image-processing Google Street View data. (2) Methods: Street view images were processed to produce graph-based segmentations.

Identifying street design elements associated with vehicle-to-pedestrian collision reduction at intersections in New York City.

Objective: We evaluated associations between the installation of eleven street design elements, between 2007 and 2015, and subsequent changes in vehicle-to-pedestrian collisions in New York City.

Methods: Collision data were from Accident Location Information System in the New York State Department of Transportation. Safety improvement projects at 118 intersections were reviewed and their implemented street design elements were identified.

Differences in Behavior, Time, Location, and Built Environment between Objectively Measured Utilitarian and Recreational Walking.

Objectives: Utilitarian and recreational walking both contribute to physical activity. Yet walking for these two purposes may be different behaviors. We sought to provide operational definitions of utilitarian and recreational walking and to objectively measure their behavioral, spatial, and temporal differences in order to inform transportation and public health policies and interventions.

Increased Walking's Additive and No Substitution Effect on Total Physical Activity.

Purpose: We assessed the associations between a change in time spent walking and a change in total physical activity (PA) time within an urban living adult sample to test for additive or substitution effects.

Methods: Participants living in the greater Seattle area were assessed in 2008-2009 and again 1-2 yr later (2010-2011). At each time point, they wore accelerometers and GPS units and recorded trips and locations in a travel diary for seven consecutive days.

Comparisons of Physical Activity and Walking Between Korean Immigrant and White Women in King County, WA.

Immigrant and minority women are less physically active than White women particularly during leisure time. However, prior research demonstrates that reported household physical activity (PA) and non-leisure time walking/biking were higher among the former. Using accelerometers, GPS, and travel logs, transport-related, home-based, and leisure time PA were measured objectively for 7 days from a convenience sample of 60 first-generation Korean immigrant women and 69 matched White women from the Travel Assessment and Community Project in King County, Washington.

How far from home? The locations of physical activity in an urban U.S. setting.

Unlabelled: Little is known about where physical activity (PA) occurs, or whether different demographic groups accumulate PA in different locations.

Method: Objective data on PA and location from 611 adults over 7days were collected in King County, WA in 2008-2009. The relative amounts of time spent in sedentary-to-low and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were quantified at three locations: "home" (<125m from geocoded home locations); "near" home (125-1666m, defining the home neighborhood); and "away" from home (>1666m).

Relation between higher physical activity and public transit use.

Objectives: We isolated physical activity attributable to transit use to examine issues of substitution between types of physical activity and potential confounding of transit-related walking with other walking.

Methods: Physical activity and transit use data were collected in 2008 to 2009 from 693 Travel Assessment and Community study participants from King County, Washington, equipped with an accelerometer, a portable Global Positioning System, and a 7-day travel log. Physical activity was classified into transit- and non-transit-related walking and nonwalking time.

Emerging technologies for assessing physical activity behaviors in space and time.

Precise measurement of physical activity is important for health research, providing a better understanding of activity location, type, duration, and intensity. This article describes a novel suite of tools to measure and analyze physical activity behaviors in spatial epidemiology research. We use individual-level, high-resolution, objective data collected in a space-time framework to investigate built and social environment influences on activity.

Walking objectively measured: classifying accelerometer data with GPS and travel diaries.

Purpose: This study developed and tested an algorithm to classify accelerometer data as walking or nonwalking using either GPS or travel diary data within a large sample of adults under free-living conditions.

Methods: Participants wore an accelerometer and a GPS unit and concurrently completed a travel diary for seven consecutive days. Physical activity (PA) bouts were identified using accelerometry count sequences.