Burden of End-Stage Kidney Disease by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Status in South Korea: A Nationwide Epidemiologic Study.

Background: Patients with diabetes are known to be at high risk for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), but the accurate annual risk data for new-onset ESKD is still limited. In South Korea, the prevalence and incidence of ESKD are increasing more rapidly compared to the global average. This study aimed to determine the incidence rate (IR) of ESKD by diabetes status from 2012 to 2022.

Phase Controlled Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth of Wafer-Scale Molybdenum Ditelluride.

Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) has become a pivotal technique for developing wafer-scale transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) 2D materials. This study investigates the impact of MOCVD growth conditions on achieving uniform and selective polymorph phase control of MoTe over large wafers. We demonstrated the controlled and uniform growth of few-layer MoTe in pure 2H, 1T', and mixed phases at various temperatures on up to 4 in.

Cryopreservation of primary neonatal rat oligodendrocytes and recapitulation of oligodendrocyte characteristics.

Introduction: , primary rat oligodendrocytes (OLs) are widely used for research on OL development, physiology, and pathophysiology in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Primary culture methods for OLs from rats have been developed and improved over time, but there are still multiple aspects in which efficiency can be boosted.

Methods: To make use of excess oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) from primary cultures, a cryopreservation process utilizing a commercially available serum-free cryopreservation medium was established to passage and freeze OPCs at -80°C for later use.

Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2024: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach (Update of 2022 Guideline).

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in both Korea and worldwide. Since 2004, the Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer have been regularly updated, with the 4th edition published in 2022. The 4th edition was the result of a collaborative work by an interdisciplinary team, including experts in gastric surgery, gastroenterology, endoscopy, medical oncology, abdominal radiology, pathology, nuclear medicine, radiation oncology, and guideline development methodology.

Association between Tumor Size at the Time of Disease Progression and Survival Outcomes.

Purpose: This study evaluates the prognostic significance of tumor size at disease progression (PD) and depth of response (DOR) in cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: We performed post hoc analysis using data from six prospective clinical trials conducted by the Korean Cancer Study Group. Patients with tumor size at PD was categorized into 'Mild PD' and 'Significant PD' based on the cutoff values of relative change from baseline using maximally selected rank statistics.

Influence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-based biopolymer on mitigating soil erosion and heavy metal dispersion.

Extreme weather phenomena caused by climate change have exacerbated soil erosion and the subsequent dispersion of pollutants. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known to contribute to the remediation of polluted water and reduce the geochemical mobility of heavy metals in contaminated soil. However, studies on the influence of biopolymers produced by soil microbes and P.

Experimental Investigation into the Mechanical and Piezoresistive Sensing Properties of Recycled Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Self-Sensing Applications.

This study investigates the mechanical and piezoresistive sensing properties of recycled carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composites (rCFRPs) for self-sensing applications, which were prepared from recycled carbon fibers (rCFs) with fiber lengths of 6, 12, 18, and 24 mm using a vacuum infusion method. Mechanical properties of the rCFRPs were examined using uniaxial tensile tests, while sensing characteristics were examined by monitoring the in situ electrical resistance under cyclic and low fatigue loads. Longer fibers (24 mm) showed the superior tensile strength (92.

The Survival and Financial Benefit of Investigator-Initiated Trials Conducted by Korean Cancer Study Group.

Purpose: The Korean Cancer Study Group (KCSG) is a nationwide cancer clinical trial group dedicated to advancing investigator-initiated trials (IITs) by conducting and supporting clinical trials. This study aims to review IITs conducted by KCSG and quantitatively evaluate the survival and financial benefits of IITs for patients.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed IITs conducted by KCSG from 1998 to 2023, analyzing progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) gains for participants.

Analysis of the spatial and morphological characteristics of oligodendrocytes from images of culture.

Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are glial cells responsible for the formation of myelin sheaths in the central nervous system. The characteristic features of the oligodendrocyte lineage, ranging from proliferative and migratory oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) to myelinating mature OLs, can be observed cultures of OL lineage cells. Here, we introduce a method for analyzing the spatial distribution of OPCs, which reflects their capacity for proliferation and migration, and the morphological complexity of mature OLs, which reflects their capacity for myelin formation, from immunostaining images of OL cultures.

Liposomal irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and S-1 as first-line therapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (NASOX): A multicenter phase I/IIa study.

Introduction: This multicenter phase I/IIa study aimed to determine the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) and evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of liposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI), oxaliplatin, and S-1 (NASOX) as first-line treatment for advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma without prior systemic treatment for advanced disease, aged ≥ 19 years, with measurable disease, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-1 were eligible. The primary endpoints were to determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) in the phase I cohort and overall response rate (ORR) in the phase IIa cohort.

Deep Learning Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer Patients Using Clinical Implication-Applied Preprocessed CT Images.

Accurate detection of axillary lymph node (ALN) metastases in breast cancer is crucial for clinical staging and treatment planning. This study aims to develop a deep learning model using clinical implication-applied preprocessed computed tomography (CT) images to enhance the prediction of ALN metastasis in breast cancer patients. A total of 1128 axial CT images of ALN (538 malignant and 590 benign lymph nodes) were collected from 523 breast cancer patients who underwent preoperative CT scans between January 2012 and July 2022 at Hallym University Medical Center.

A primary culture method for the easy, efficient, and effective acquisition of oligodendrocyte lineage cells from neonatal rodent brains.

Oligodendrocytes (OL) are myelin-forming glial cells in the central nervous system. primary OL culture models offer the benefit of a more readily controlled environment that facilitates the examination of diverse OL stages and their intricate dynamics. Although conventional methods for primary OL culture exist, their performance in terms of simplicity and efficiency can be improved.

Incidence rates of retinal vascular occlusive diseases from 2011 to 2020 in South Korea: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Retinal vascular occlusions, including retinal vein occlusion and retinal artery occlusion, are common causes of visual impairment. In order to evaluate the national medical burden and help improve ophthalmic health care policy planning, we investigated the incidence of retinal vascular occlusive diseases from 2011 to 2020 in Korea.

Methods: This study is a nationwide population-based retrospective study using data from the Korea national health claim database of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) service.

Comparison of Tepotinib, Paclitaxel, or Ramucirumab Efficacy According to the Copy Number or Phosphorylation Status of the Gene: Doublet Treatment versus Single Agent Treatment.

Although conventional combination chemotherapies for advanced gastric cancer (GC) increase survival, such therapies are associated with major adverse effects; more effective and less toxic treatments are required. Combinations of different anti-cancer drugs, for example, paclitaxel plus ramucirumab, have recently been used as second-line treatments for advanced GC. This study evaluated how copy number variations of the gene, mutations, and MET gene and protein expression levels in human GC cells modulate the susceptibility of such cells to single-agent (tepotinib, ramucirumab, or paclitaxel) and doublet (tepotinib-plus-paclitaxel or ramucirumab-plus-paclitaxel treatment regimens.

Gold Nanorod Density-Dependent Label-Free Bacteria Sensing on a Flake-like 3D Graphene-Based Device by SERS.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an effective technique for biosensing, enabling label-free detection of biomolecules with enhanced sensitivity. There is a tremendous probability of signal failure in Raman frequencies because of the scattering of the Raman radiation in liquids, effective SERS improvement is required to reduce this issue when considering liquid specimens. We examined a liquid bacterial sample, investigating the electrostatic interactions of the bacterial samples with gold nanorods (AuNRs) and graphene.

Two-dimensional reactive transport model as a new approach for identifying the origins and contribution of arsenic in a soil and water system.

Distribution of arsenic (As) in the environment can occur through various paths, depending on the interrelationship between soil and surface water, and groundwater. This study aimed to identify the origins and pathways of As among various potential origins in soil and water systems using two-dimensional reactive transport models (2D RTMs) and to evaluate the contribution of each origin to the geochemical distribution of As in the study area, which included a reservoir, two streams, and two abandoned mines. The 2D RTMs were prepared by combining hydraulic and geochemical reactive models.

Translation of paired fundus photographs to fluorescein angiographs with energy-based cycle-consistent adversarial networks.

Fluorescein angiography is a crucial examination in ophthalmology to identify retinal and choroidal pathologies. However, this examination modality is invasive and inconvenient, requiring intravenous injection of a fluorescent dye. In order to provide a more convenient option for high-risk patients, we propose a deep-learning-based method to translate fundus photography into fluorescein angiography using Energy-based Cycle-consistent Adversarial Networks (CycleEBGAN) We propose a deep-learning-based method to translate fundus photography into fluorescein angiography using CycleEBGAN.

Erratum: Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2022: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach.

This corrects the article on p. 3 in vol. 23, PMID: 36750993.

Controlled Bipolar Doping of One-Dimensional van der Waals NbPdSe.

Tailoring the electrical properties of one-dimensional (1D) van der Waals (vdW) materials is desirable for their applications toward electronic devices by exploiting their unique characteristics. However, 1D vdW materials have not been extensively investigated for modulation of their electrical properties. Here we control doping levels and types of 1D vdW NbPdSe over a wide energy range by immersion in AuCl or β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) solutions, respectively.

AZD8186 in Combination With Paclitaxel in Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer: Results From a Phase Ib/II Study (KCSG ST18-20).

Background: Loss of PTEN function leads to increased PI3Kβ signaling. AZD8186, a selective PI3Kβ/δ inhibitor, has shown anti-tumor activity in PTEN-deficient preclinical models. Although the combination of AZD8186 and paclitaxel was well tolerated, limited clinical efficacy was observed in advanced gastric cancer with PTEN loss.

Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2022: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in Korea and the world. Since 2004, this is the 4th gastric cancer guideline published in Korea which is the revised version of previous evidence-based approach in 2018. Current guideline is a collaborative work of the interdisciplinary working group including experts in the field of gastric surgery, gastroenterology, endoscopy, medical oncology, abdominal radiology, pathology, nuclear medicine, radiation oncology and guideline development methodology.