Classifying the WHO European countries by noncommunicable diseases and risk factors.

Background: In the twenty-first century, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a major obstacle to global development and the accomplishment of the Sustainable Development Goals set forth by the United Nations. The WHO (World Health Organization) European Region lacks comprehensive understanding of NCD risk factors, the NCDs they trigger, and the more disadvantaged countries.

Objective: This study aims to classify the countries in the European Region at the country level based on NCDs and their key risk factors.

The Mediating Role of Compassion in the Relationship Between Nurses' Ethnocultural Empathy and Cultural Sensitivity: Structural Equation Model Analysis.

Introduction: Nurses must possess the capacity for compassionate care and exhibit empathy to promote culturally competent care. This research investigated the mediating role of compassion in the relationship between ethnocultural empathy and intercultural sensitivity among nurses.

Method: The study was conducted at a hospital that provides health care services to refugees.

Comparison of the Bulut Index-Beta method and Global Health Security Index: results from the world's countries.

Background/aim: The Global Health Security Index (GHSI), which is used to assess the global health security preparedness levels of countries, and the Bulut Index-Beta (BI-β) method, developed as a multicriteria decision-making method, were compared in terms of global health security in the context of the world's countries. It was aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of the BI-β method by testing it on GHSI datasets and contribute to the methodological development of the GHSI.

Materials And Methods: The datasets used in this study were the publicly available GHSI datasets, which allow for comparative evaluations of countries.

Investigating the Relationship of Serum CD163, YKL40 and VILIP-1 Levels with Autism Severity and Language-cognitive Development in Preschool Children with Autism.

Objective: This study aimed to compare serum levels of CD163, YKL-40, and VILIP-1 between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and healthy controls, while also investigating their association with the severity of ASD and language development.

Methods: The study included 40 ASD-diagnosed patients (aged 18-72 months) and 40 age-matched healthy controls. Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Preschool Language Scale-4, and Ankara Development Screening Inventory were administered to children in the ASD group.

Hijacking limitations of working memory load to test for composition in language.

Although language depends on storage and composition, just what is stored or (de)composed remains unclear. We leveraged working memory load limitations to test for composition, hypothesizing that decomposed forms should particularly tax working memory. We focused on a well-studied paradigm, English inflectional morphology.

Comparison of Radiographic Measurement Parameters of the Wrist in Patients with and without Scaphoid Fracture after Fall on an Outstretched Hand.

Purpose Of The Study: To investigate the effects of anatomical variations on the mechanism of scaphoid fracture by comparing the radiologic parameters of the wrist of patients with and without scaphoid fracture after a fall on an outstretched hand.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional comparative retrospective analysis of radiographs of patients with (Group 1, n=169) and without scaphoid fracture (Group 2, n=188). Morphometric data were measured including radial inclination (RI), radial height (RH), ulnar variance (UV), carpal height (CH) ratio, revised carpal height (RCH) ratio and palmar tilt of the distal radius (PT).

Characterization of speech and language phenotype in the 8p23.1 syndrome.

The 8p23.1 duplication syndrome is a rare genetic condition with an estimated prevalence rate of 1 out of 58,000. Although the syndrome was associated with speech and language delays, a comprehensive assessment of speech and language functions has not been undertaken in this population.

Contributions of the left and right thalami to language: A meta-analytic approach.

Background: Despite a pervasive cortico-centric view in cognitive neuroscience, subcortical structures including the thalamus have been shown to be increasingly involved in higher cognitive functions. Previous structural and functional imaging studies demonstrated cortico-thalamo-cortical loops which may support various cognitive functions including language. However, large-scale functional connectivity of the thalamus during language tasks has not been examined before.

Adaptation of Caregivers of Individuals on Mechanical Ventilation to Caregiving Role.

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the adaptation of caregivers of individuals on mechanical ventilation (MV) at home to their caregiver role.

Study Design: The phenomenological research method, one of the qualitative research methods, was employed in the study.

Materials And Methods: The sample consisted of 21 individuals who agreed to participate in the research.

The association of reproductive hormones, thyroid function, and vitamin levels with premature ejaculation: A prospective case-control study.

Purpose: To investigate whether serum hormone (testosterone, prolactin, gonadotropins, and thyroid hormones) and vitamin (vitamin B, folic acid, and vitamin D) levels are associated with premature ejaculation (PE).

Materials And Methods: This prospective case-control study included 126 patients with PE (lifelong PE [LPE] in 94 and acquired PE [APE] in 32) who presented to the urology outpatient clinic between April 2016 and January 2023 and 92 healthy men as a control group. The diagnosis of PE was based on the criteria defined by the International Society for Sexual Medicine.

Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is an independent risk factor for the postoperative mortality in geriatric patients undergoing hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture? A prospective controlled study.

Introduction: Hip fracture is very common in advanced ages, and it is very likely that this condition is accompanied by nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) on postoperative mortality in geriatric patients who underwent hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture.

Materials And Methods: Geriatric patients (aged ≥ 70 years) who underwent hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture were prospectively recruited.

Is blue light exposure a cause of precocious puberty in male rats?

Purpose: Our study aimed to examine the effects of blue light exposure on prepubertal male rats' puberty and testis tissue.

Methods: Eighteen 21-day-old male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups consisting of six rats in each group: Control Group (CG), Blue Light-6 hours (BL-6), and Blue Light-12 hours (BL-12). CG rats were maintained with 12/12-hour light-dark cycles.

Effect of Sarcopenia on Coronary Atherosclerotic Burden, Lesion Complexity, and Major Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A 1-year Follow-up Study.

Sarcopenia is accepted as an indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis. However, its effects on clinical coronary atherosclerotic burden and lesion complexity and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in elderly patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are unknown. Therefore, we evaluated these possible effects.

Estimation of the size of the COVID-19 pandemic using the epidemiological wavelength model: results from OECD countries.

Objectives: This study aimed to simplify the previously developed epidemiological wavelength model and to expand the scope of the model with additional variables to estimate the magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic. The applicability of the extended wavelength model was tested in Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) member countries.

Study Design: The epidemiological wavelengths of OECD member countries for the years 2020, 2021 and 2022 were estimated comparatively, considering the cumulative number of COVID-19 cases.

Domain-general and domain-specific functional networks of Broca's area underlying language processing.

Introduction: Despite abundant research on the role of Broca's area in language processing, there is still no consensus on language specificity of this region and its connectivity network.

Methods: The present study employed the meta-analytic connectivity modeling procedure to identify and compare domain-specific (language-specific) and domain-general (shared between language and other domains) functional connectivity patterns of three subdivisions within the broadly defined Broca's area: pars opercularis (IFGop), pars triangularis (IFGtri), and pars orbitalis (IFGorb) of the left inferior frontal gyrus.

Results: The findings revealed a left-lateralized frontotemporal network for all regions of interest underlying domain-specific linguistic functions.

Endovascular treatment versus no endovascular treatment after 6-24 h in patients with ischaemic stroke and collateral flow on CT angiography (MR CLEAN-LATE) in the Netherlands: a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: Endovascular treatment for anterior circulation ischaemic stroke is effective and safe within a 6 h window. MR CLEAN-LATE aimed to assess efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment for patients treated in the late window (6-24 h from symptom onset or last seen well) selected on the basis of the presence of collateral flow on CT angiography (CTA).

Methods: MR CLEAN-LATE was a multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial done in 18 stroke intervention centres in the Netherlands.

Meniscal extrusion, cartilage, bone, and ligament lesions associated with medial meniscus posterior root tear gap.

Objectives: To determine the relationship between the severity of the tear gap resulting from medial meniscus posterior root (MMPR) tear and medial meniscal extrusion, cartilage, bone, and ligament lesions on MRI.

Methods: A total of 133 patients with MMPR tear were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups according to the tear gap width as minor (≤ 4 mm) and widely (4 mm<) displaced.

How are Acne Vulgaris Patients Using Oral Isotretinoin Affected by Covid-19?

Introduction: It has been reported that the use of oral isotretinoin may have positive and negative effects on the course of COVID-19 and the risk of transmission.

Objectives: The purpose of our study is to evaluate how our patients that took oral isotretinoin during the pandemic were affected by COVID-19.

Methods: The clinical processes of moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris patients between March 2020 and February 2021 were evaluated.

Meta-analytic connectivity modeling of the left and right inferior frontal gyri.

Background: Neurocognitive models of language processing highlight the role of the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in the functional network underlying language. Furthermore, neuroscience research has shown that IFG is not a uniform region anatomically, cytoarchitectonically or functionally. However, no previous study explored the language-related functional connectivity patterns of IFG subdivisions using a meta-analytic connectivity modeling (MACM) approach.

The Role of PPAR-gamma C161T Polymorphism in Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility.

Background/aim: This study aimed to determine the role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARg) C161T genotype and allele frequencies in predisposition to colorectal cancer (CRC).

Patients And Methods: PPARg C161T (His447His; rs3856806) gene polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in patients with CRC (n=101) and controls (n=238).

Results: The T161 allele (CT+TT genotypes) of PPARg C161T polymorphism was associated with CRC development (p<0.