Pretreatment with mineralocorticoid receptor blocker reduces intestinal injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion: involvement of inhibition of inflammatory response, oxidative stress, nuclear factor κB, and inducible nitric oxide synthase.

Background: Spironolactone (Sp), a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, protects against the ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury of retina, kidney, heart, and brain. We aimed to investigate the effects of Sp on intestinal IR injury.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into: (1) a sham control group; (2) an IR control group, subjected to 30 min ischemia and 3 h reperfusion; (3) a group treated with Sp (20 mg/kg) for 3 d before the IR; and (4) a sham-operated control group treated with Sp (20 mg/kg).

Enoxaparin-associated giant retroperitoneal hematoma in pulmonary embolism treatment.

Context: Retroperitoneal hematoma may usually occur as a result of trauma. A life threatening retroperitoneal hematoma is not expected complication of anticoagulation treatment and rarely reported. Low molecular weight heparins (Enoxaparin) which are used as effective and safe medicine in the venous thromboemboly treatment have some major complications such as hematomas of different organs.

CD24 and galectin-1 expressions in gastric adenocarcinoma and clinicopathologic significance.

CD24 and galectin-1 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma and their clinicopathologic significance remained largely unknown. We aimed to evaluate expressions and staining intensities of CD24 and galectin-1 in gastric adenocarcinoma and to investigate the interrelation with clinicopathologic parameters including survival. 93 cases with gastric adenocarcinoma were reevaluated histopathologically and immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies against CD24 and galectin-1.

Effect of 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate on ischemic anastomosis of the left colon.

Introduction: 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate may be a good alternative in ischemic colon anastomosis without impairment of tissue perfusion.

Methods: Forty male Wistar albino rats were randomized into four experimental groups (n = 10 in each group). In group 1 (control), a well-perfused left colonic segment was transected, and free ends were anastomosed by propylene sutures.

Erythropoietin: a possible cytoprotective cytokine in acute necrotizing pancreatitis.

Background/purpose: Despite decades of research and clinical trials, a specific therapeutic treatment for acute pancreatitis (AP) has yet to be developed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of erythropoietin on the severity of taurocolic acid-induced acute necrotizing pancreatitis.

Methods: Forty-seven male Wistar albino rats were randomized into seven experimental groups.

Fournier's Gangrene after Open Hemorrhoidectomy without a Predisposing Factor: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature.

Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a fatal synergistic infectious disease with necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum and abdominal wall along with the scrotum and penis in men and vulva in women. An unpredictable case of FG two weeks after open hemorrhoidectomy in a previously healthy 55-year-old male is described. Full-thickness patchy skin necrosis of the perianal, perineal and scrotal region associated with rectal perforation was detected on admission.

Does sildenafil reverse the adverse effects of ischemia on ischemic colon anastomosis: yes, 'no'.

Introduction: Sildenafil may lead an improvement in anastomotic healing of ischemic left colon anastomosis.

Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar albino rats were randomized into four experimental groups (n=9 in each group). In group 1, a well-perfused left colonic segment was transected, and free ends were anatomosed.

Complications of total thyroidectomy performed by surgical residents versus specialist surgeons.

Purpose: Surgeon inexperience has been defined as a significant predictor of deleterious outcome in thyroid surgery; however, the safety of training programs in which residents are the primary surgeons is controversial. The objective of this prospective study was to compare the complication rates of total thyroidectomy (TT) performed by residents with those of TT performed by specialist surgeons in similar patient groups.

Methods: Between April 2001 and May 2007, 144 patients underwent TT at our hospital.

Protective effects of erythropoietin against acute lung injury in a rat model of acute necrotizing pancreatitis.

Aim: To investigate the effect of exogenous erythro-poietin (EPO) administration on acute lung injury (ALI) in an experimental model of sodium taurodeoxycholate- induced acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP).

Methods: Forty-seven male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: sham group (n = 5), 3 ANP groups (n = 7 each) and 3 EPO groups (n = 7 each). ANP was induced by retrograde infusion of 5% sodium taurodeoxycholate into the common bile duct.

The effect of sildenafil on an animal model for ischemic colitis.

Introduction: Sildenafil both enhances vasodilatation by relaxing the smooth muscle in the vessels and inhibits platelet aggregation. We have therefore examined the potential benefits of sildenafil on an animal model for ischemic colitis (IC).

Methods: Twenty-eight female Wistar albino rats weighing 250-300 g were randomized into three experimental groups as follows: in Group 1, animals were sham operated (n = 8) and received tap water; in Groups 2 and 3, the rats underwent a standardized surgical procedure to induce IC (n = 10 in each group).

The Janeway gastrostomy tube for recurrent gastric intubations: a novel and simple animal model.

Access to the gastric lumen can be achieved by different methods. Orogastric tubes and tube gastrostomies are frequently used but these routes have some disadvantages when recurrent gastric intubations or infusions are concerned. The Janeway gastrostomy tube is a simple-to-perform procedure and can serve as an excellent way to reach the gastric lumen of animals.

Neural cell adhesion molecule-180 expression as a prognostic criterion in colorectal carcinoma: feasible or not?

Aim: To evaluate the frequency of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)-180 expression in fresh tumor tissue samples and to discuss the prognostic value of NCAM-180 in routine clinical practice.

Methods: Twenty-six patients (16 men, 10 women) with colorectal cancer were included in the study. Fresh tumor tissue samples and macroscopically healthy proximal margins of each specimen were subjected to flow-cytometric analysis for NCAM-180 expression.

Comparison between powdered gloves, powder-free gloves and hyaluronate/carboxymethylcellulose membrane on adhesion formation in a rat caecal serosal abrasion model.

Objective: Intraabdominal adhesion formation and prevention is one of the major conflicts of modern surgery. We aimed to determine the effects of powdered gloves versus powder-free gloves and hyaluronate/carboxymethylcellulose membrane (H/CMCm) in a rat caecal serosal abrasion model.

Methods: Sixty wistar albino rats were subjected to a standardized lesion by caecal abrasion model.

Lipoma within inverted Meckel's diverticulum as a cause of recurrent partial intestinal obstruction and hemorrhage: a case report and review of literature.

Lipoma within an inverted Meckel's diverticulum presenting with hemorrhage and partial intestinal obstruction is an exceptional clinical entity. We report a case of 47-year-old male with a history of recurrent episodes of partial intestinal obstruction and melena due to a subserosal lipoma located in the base of an inverted Meckel's diverticulum. According to our knowledge, this is the first case of a lipoma within a Meckel's diverticulum giving rise to this clinical scenario without the existence of heterotrophic gastric or pancreatic tissues.

Clinical evaluation of submucosal colonic lipomas: decision making.

Even lipomas are the most common mesenchymal benign tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, symptomatic colonic presentation is rare. Herein, we evaluated four patients suffering from various size of colonic lipomas and approached by different therapeutic modalities.

The comparison in terms of early complications of a new technique and percutaneous method for the placement of CAPD catheters.

Background: Starting continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) immediately after insertion of a peritoneal dialysis catheter is essential in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In relation to the insertion methods, various mechanical and infectious complications may arise. In this study, we aimed to compare early complications of the laparoscopic tunneling method of CAPD placement that we developed recently in order to minimize the complications, with those of the conventional percutaneous method.

Superiority of asymmetric modified Limberg flap for surgical treatment of pilonidal disease.

Purpose: Cases treated surgically using wide excision plus classic Limberg flap or wide excision plus asymmetric modified Limberg flap were compared with respect to complications and patient comfort in the postoperative period.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized study, 68 of 70 patients were followed for a mean of 29.22 (range, 6-44) months after wide excision plus classic Limberg flap (Group 1, n=35) and after asymmetric modified Limberg flap closure (Group 2, n=33).

Importance of identifying the course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve in total and near-total thyroid lobectomies.

In our clinic, near-total thyroidectomy is the principal surgical procedure performed for benign thyroid diseases. We conducted a single-institution study on 176 consecutive patients who underwent near-total thyroidectomy due to various thyroid diseases. We compared the incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury between total and near-total thyroid lobectomy sides in each patient.

Medical haemostasis in acute hepatocyte injury and experimental liver trauma.

Background: The aim of the present study was to test the effectiveness of aprotinin to reduce bleeding in liver resection of guinea pigs with acutely injured hepatocyte using intraperitoneal d(+)Galactosamine.

Methods: Thirty-two guinea pigs were divided equally into four groups. Group 1 was the control group.

A randomized prospective study of complications between general surgery residents and attending surgeons in near-total thyroidectomies.

Purpose: Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and hypoparathyroidism are the most common and serious complications after thyroid operations. Surgeon experience has been defined as a significant factor in the number of complications occurring in thyroid surgery. There has so far been no prospective randomized study that compares the complication rates between residents and the attending surgeon in statistically similar patient groups in which all of the patients undergo the same type of thyroid surgery by the same surgical team.

Experimental bile-duct ligation resulted in accumulation of oxidized low-density lipoproteins in BALB/c mice liver.

Background And Aim: Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (LDL), which are produced during oxidative stress by the process of lipid peroxidation, have also been proposed to have complex roles in many other immuno-inflammatory mechanisms. It has been shown that bile-duct ligation results in oxidative stress in the liver of animals. The aim of this study was to investigate if oxidized LDL are produced in the liver tissues of bile-duct-ligated mice.

Comparison of the experimental intestinal anastomoses performed by different surgeons.

Background/aims: This study was designed to determine the effects of different surgeons on the experimental anastomosis studied in rats.

Methodology: Sixteen Wistar-albino rats were equally separated into two groups. The rats operated on by the first surgeon were coded Group 1 and operated on by the other surgeon were coded Group 2.