[The effect of physiologically active compounds on the production of ethylene and the activity of polygalacturonase inhibiting protein in fruits].

The treatment of apple and banana fruits with 2-CEFA and ethacyde induced the production of ethylene and accelerated the ripening and accumulation of ACC in apple fruits. Inhibitors AOA, AVG, and CoCl2 acted at the different steps of ethylene biosynthesis, inhibited the physiological aging process and increased storage longevity. Treatment with astaxantine and BOA delayed the pick of ethylene production by fruits.

[The effect of ethylene biosynthesis regulators on metabolic processes in the banana fruits in various physiological states].

The effects of ethylene-evolving preparations-2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (2-CEPA), the new generation binary preparation ethacide, and the specific inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis aminooxyacetic acid (AOA)--on the ethylene evolution by banana (Musa sp.) fruits at various ripening stages and the content of protein inhibitor of polygalacturonase (PIPG), associated with prevention of fruit tissue softening, were studied. It was demonstrated that the ripening stage was of significant importance for the results of treatment with the mentioned preparations.

Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein is a structural component of plant cell wall.

It is generally believed that plants "evolved a strategy of defending themselves from a phytopathogen attack" during evolution. This metaphor is used frequently, but it does not facilitate understanding of the mechanisms providing plant resistance to the invasion of foreign organisms and to other unfavorable external factors, as well as the role of these mechanisms in plant growth and development. Information on processes involving one of the plant resistance factors--polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP)--is considered in this review.

[Activity of polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein of banana fruit tissues].

The activity of polygalacturonase and the protein inhibiting this enzyme, which affected polygalacturonases of phytopathogenic fungi Verticillium dahliae and Gloesporium musarium, were detected in banana (Musa acumthata L.) fruit of cultivars Cavendish and Korolevskii. The polygalacturonase from banana fruit was inhibited by the preparations of the protein inhibitor not only from bananas but also from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.

[Effects of treatment with a composite preparation (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid and methacide) or butylated hydroxyanisole on ethylene release in apples].

We studied the effect of a Russian composite preparation (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid and methacide) and butylated hydroxyanisole on ethylene release in whole fruit and peel disks of two apple cultivars, Antonovka obyknovennaya (Antonovka) and Simirenko's rennet (Simirenko). Treatment with the composite preparation was followed by an increase in ethylene release from whole apples and peel disks. The development of microbial infection (fruit rot) in whole apples became less pronounced after the treatment.

[Change in the level of 1-aminochloropropane-1-carbonic acid. Activity of a protein inhibitor of polygalacturonase, intensity of formation of oligouronides in apples during ripening and treatment with haloethane derivatives and aminoethoxyvinylglycine].

We studied changes in the intensity of ethylene release and accumulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid during ripening of two apple varieties characterized by various physiological states and treated with halothane derivatives and L-alpha-(2-aminoethoxyvinyl)-glycine. We observed changes in activity of the protein polygalacturonase inhibitor in the fruit tissue and accumulation of oligouronides. The data suggest that pretreatment with the inhibitor of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase affects ethylene release, accumulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, activity of the protein polygalacturonase inhibitor, and potential intensity of oligouronide formation in apple fruits and tissues.

[Effect of proteinaceous polygalacturonase inhibitors from apple seed tissue on an enzyme isolated from phytopathogenic fungi].

A protein polygalacturonidase inhibitor isolated from fruit of the apple varieties Antonovka and Mantuanskoe differently affects the polygalacturonidases of different phytopathogenic fungi. Three groups of fungi were recognized by the sensitivity of their polygalacturonidases to the inhibitory effect. Storage of apples after harvesting is accompanied by changes in the inhibitor activity, and the time pattern of these changes depends on the variety.

[A protein inhibitor of polygalacturonase in apple fruits treated with aminoethoxyvinylglycine and cobalt chloride].

Ethylene evolution changes were monitored during storage of apple fruits (Malus domestica Borkh., winter variety Mantuanskoe) treated with aminoethoxyvinylglycine and CoCl2. The storage of fruits was shown to be accompanied by changes in the activity of a protein inhibitor of polygalacturonase (PIPG).

[The effect of the substance exin on development of microbial infections and isolation of ethylene in plants].

Effects of Exin on infection of tomato, potato, and cabbage plants with Pseudomonas solanacearum and Erwinia carotovora and a fungus Sclerotium rolfsii were studied. The treatment of infected plants with Exin caused no significant effect on the development of the disease. Treatment with streptomycin as a standard for comparison completely inhibited the growth of these microorganisms.