Prevalence of overt and occult hepatitis B viral infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Edo state university teaching hospital Auchi, Nigeria.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major health challenge in Nigeria, with high prevalence rates among pregnant women. The prevalence of overt and occult hepatitis B infection (HBI and HBI) among pregnant women was investigated to understand the burden and associated risk factors in this population.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 pregnant women.

Prevalence of Cytopenia and its Correlation with Immunosuppression in Naïve HIV-1 Infected Patients Initiating First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy: A Pilot Study.

Background: Cytopenias serve as common indicators and crucial predictive tools for evaluating disease progression and therapeutic outcomes in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cytopenias and their correlation with the level of immunosuppression in treatment-naive HIV-infected participants after initiating highly active combined antiretroviral drug therapy (cART24).

Materials And Methods: This prospective study focused on evaluating cytopenia in 44 treatment-naive HIV-infected patients who consented to initiate cART and were consecutively enrolled.

Effects of anti-retroviral therapy on baseline serum interleukin-18 levels in HIV-I infected patients relative to viral suppression and CD4+ gain: A prospective pilot study.

Background: In HIV infection, dysregulation of cytokines, including interleukin 18 (IL-18), has been linked to poor clinical outcomes in studies mainly conducted in resource-rich countries. This phenomenon has not been well-studied in resource-limited settings where outcomes could be confounded by exposure to endemic infections and genetic factors.

Objectives: Therefore, the influence of immunological and virological status of HIV-infected, antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve patients on serum IL-18 levels at baseline (pretreatment) and 24 weeks following initiation of combination ART (cART24) in a resource-limited setting was investigated.

Seroprevalence of maternal peripartum human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the Nigerian literature.

Background: The peripartum period is both a highly vulnerable stage and a significant indicator of a population's health status. Interest is increasing in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) transmission due to its adverse health impacts. However, nationally representative data on HTLV-1 that are important for health planning are unavailable for this subpopulation.