Development of a Videoconference-Adapted Version of the Community Diabetes Prevention Program, and Comparison of Weight Loss With In-Person Program Delivery.

Introduction: Effective, standardized, and easily accessible weight management programs are urgently needed for military beneficiaries. Videoconference interventions have the potential for widespread scaling, and can provide both real time interaction and flexibility in delivery times regardless of location, but there is little information on their effectiveness and acceptability.

Materials And Methods: This study as part of a larger weight loss trial describes the videoconference adaption of Group Lifestyle Balance (GLB) program, a community group-based Diabetes Prevention Program intervention, and provides a comparison of weight loss and meeting attendance between in-person and videoconference delivery modes over 12 weeks in adult family members of military service members.

Estrogen negatively regulates the renal epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by promoting Derlin-1 expression and AMPK activation.

The main functions of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in the kidney distal nephron are mediation of sodium and water balance and stabilization of blood pressure. Estrogen has important effects on sodium and water balance and on premenopausal blood pressure, but its role in the regulation of ENaC function is not fully understood. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 17β-estradiol for 6 weeks following bilateral ovariectomy.

Causes of hospitalization in sickle cell diseased children in western region of Saudi Arabia. A single center study.

Objectives: To highlight the causes of hospitalization among sickle cell diseased (SCD) children in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A retrospective study conducted at the Maternity and Children's Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. A data of 739 SCD children admitted to the hematology/oncology unit between October 2010 and September 2015 were collected.

Two days of calorie deprivation impairs high level cognitive processes, mood, and self-reported exertion during aerobic exercise: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Military personnel and emergency responders perform cognitively-demanding tasks during periods of sustained physical exertion and limited caloric intake. Cognitive function is preserved during short-term caloric restriction, but it is unclear if preservation extends to combined caloric restriction and physical exertion. According to the "reticular-activating hypofrontality" model, vigorous exertion impairs prefrontal cortex activity and associated functions.

Inhibiting Wee1 and ATR kinases produces tumor-selective synthetic lethality and suppresses metastasis.

We used the cancer-intrinsic property of oncogene-induced DNA damage as the base for a conditional synthetic lethality approach. To target mechanisms important for cancer cell adaptation to genotoxic stress and thereby to achieve cancer cell-specific killing, we combined inhibition of the kinases ATR and Wee1. Wee1 regulates cell cycle progression, whereas ATR is an apical kinase in the DNA-damage response.

Utility of Mitrofanoff as bladder draining tool: A single center experience in pediatric patients.

Objective: Mitrofanoff procedure has been employed commonly as bladder draining tool in patients unable to do clean intermittent self catheterization through native urethera. Single centre experience of pediatric age group patients undergoing Mitrofanoff procedure has been presented here.

Material And Methods: It was a retrospective study of 29 children who underwent continent catheterizable conduit (CCC), from January 2009 till March 2017.

Corrigendum to "Effect of Carboxylic Functional Group Functionalized on Carbon Nanotubes Surface on the Removal of Lead from Water".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2010/603978.].

Enhanced EPR directed and Imaging guided Photothermal Therapy using Vitamin E Modified Toco-Photoxil.

Herein we report synthesis, characterization and preclinical applications of a novel hybrid nanomaterial Toco-Photoxil developed using vitamin E modified gold coated poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoshells incorporating Pgp inhibitor d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) as a highly inert and disintegrable photothermal therapy (PTT) agent. Toco-Photoxil is highly biocompatible, physiologically stable PTT material with an average diameter of 130 nm that shows good passive accumulation (2.3% ID) in solid tumors when delivered systemically.

Performance Nutrition Dining Facility Intervention Improves Special Operations Soldiers' Diet Quality and Meal Satisfaction.

Objective: To assess the impact of the Special Operations Forces Human Performance Program dining facility (DFAC) intervention on patron diet quality and meal satisfaction.

Design: Nonrandomized, controlled time series study using digital food photography and surveys pre-post intervention (0, 4, 8, and 12 months).

Setting: Two Fort Bragg, NC military installation DFACs.

Personality Traits and Occupational Demands Are Linked to Dietary Supplement Use in Soldiers: A Cross-sectional Study of Sensation Seeking Behaviors.

Introduction: Military personnel use dietary supplements (DS) more frequently and in a higher quantity than the general population. Patterns of DS used and the motivation for use among the military population are different than those of the civilian population. Soldiers are much more likely to use potentially dangerous DS purported to enhance physical performance and/or promote weight loss in spite of limited evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of these products.

Facebook as a Learning Tool: Perception of Stroke Unit Nurses in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Islamabad.

Objective To obtain the perception of nurses on the use of Facebook as a learning tool. Materials & methods We conducted a pilot observational study in which data were collected through a detailed course evaluation and feedback survey questionnaire. Twelve stroke care nurses were enrolled in a stroke course specifically designed to provide participants with information and knowledge about stroke unit nursing care.

Dimensional changes in the palate associated with slow maxillary expansion for early treatment of posterior crossbite.

Objectives: To compare palatal symmetry, dimensions, and molar angulations following early mixed-dentition slow maxillary expansion with parameters in normal controls.

Materials And Methods: A total of 30 patients treated with a Haas-type expander for unilateral posterior crossbite with functional shift were compared with 30 controls matched for dental age, gender, and molar relationship. Records were taken before (T1) and after expansion (T2).

Soft drug-resistant ovarian cancer cells migrate via two distinct mechanisms utilizing myosin II-based contractility.

The failure of chemotherapeutic drugs in treatment of various cancers is attributed to the acquisition of drug resistance. However, the migration mechanisms of drug-resistant cancer cells remain incompletely understood. Here we address this question from a biophysical perspective by mapping the phenotypic alterations in ovarian cancer cells (OCCs) resistant to cisplatin and paclitaxel.

α-Actinin-4 confers radioresistance coupled invasiveness in breast cancer cells through AKT pathway.

Acquired radioresistance accompanied with increased metastatic potential is a major hurdle in effective radiotherapy of breast cancers. However, the nature of their inter-dependence and the underlying mechanism remains largely intangible. By employing radioresistant (RR) cell lines, we herein demonstrate that MCF-7 RR cells display phenotypic and molecular alterations evocative of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) with increased traction forces and membrane ruffling culminating in boosted invasiveness.

Enhanced tau pathology via RanBP9 and Hsp90/Hsc70 chaperone complexes.

Accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) and tau represent the two major pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite the critical importance of Aβ accumulation as an early event in AD pathogenesis, multiple lines of evidence indicate that tau is required to mediate Aβ-induced neurotoxic signals in neurons. We have previously shown that the scaffolding protein Ran-binding protein 9 (RanBP9), which is highly elevated in brains of AD and AD mouse models, both enhances Aβ production and mediates Aβ-induced neurotoxicity.

Taino and African maternal heritage in the Greater Antilles.

Notwithstanding the general interest and the geopolitical importance of the island countries in the Greater Antilles, little is known about the specific ancestral Native American and African populations that settled them. In an effort to alleviate this lacuna of information on the genetic constituents of the Greater Antilles, we comprehensively compared the mtDNA compositions of Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica and Puerto Rico. To accomplish this, the mtDNA HVRI and HVRII regions, as well as coding diagnostic sites, were assessed in the Haitian general population and compared to data from reference populations.

Energy regulation in newly diagnosed TB with chronic energy deficiency: free fatty acids and RBP4.

Background And Objectives: Energy metabolism may be dysfunctionally integral between host and infective agent in active tuberculosis, mediated by adipocytokines and free fatty acids (FFA) as the products of triglyceride lipolysis in fat, blood or other tissues. Retinol Binding Protein 4 (RBP4) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are candidate adipocytokines. The possibility of a deleterious metabolic nexus in chronic energy deficiency (CED) (BMI <18.

Loss of function CHCHD10 mutations in cytoplasmic TDP-43 accumulation and synaptic integrity.

Although multiple CHCHD10 mutations are associated with the spectrum of familial and sporadic frontotemporal dementia-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FTD-ALS) diseases, neither the normal function of endogenous CHCHD10 nor its role in the pathological milieu (that is, TDP-43 pathology) of FTD/ALS have been investigated. In this study, we made a series of observations utilizing Caenorhabditis elegans models, mammalian cell lines, primary neurons and mouse brains, demonstrating that CHCHD10 normally exerts a protective role in mitochondrial and synaptic integrity as well as in the retention of nuclear TDP-43, whereas FTD/ALS-associated mutations (R15L and S59L) exhibit loss of function phenotypes in C. elegans genetic complementation assays and dominant negative activities in mammalian systems, resulting in mitochondrial/synaptic damage and cytoplasmic TDP-43 accumulation.

Functional Outcome After Decompressive Craniectomy in Patients with Dominant or Non-Dominant Malignant Middle Cerebral Infarcts.

Background:  The use of decompressive craniectomy (DC) has been studied in the setting of different conditions, including traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction. The rationale of this study is to determine the functional outcome after DC in patients with malignant MCA infarcts.

Methods:  A longitudinal cohort study was performed based on patients diagnosed with malignant MCA territory infarction admitted to the Neurosurgery Department of a tertiary care hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan between July 2015 and November 2016.

Timeliness of Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

Most patients received timely histopathologic confirmation of diagnosis, but surgery candidates faced significant delays in care in this quality improvement analysis.

Two Days of Calorie Deprivation Induced by Underfeeding and Aerobic Exercise Degrades Mood and Lowers Interstitial Glucose but Does Not Impair Cognitive Function in Young Adults.

Background: In studies assessing the effects of acute undernutrition on cognitive function, volunteers are sedentary and findings are equivocal, even though glucose concentrations fall substantially. However, military personnel and endurance athletes often are underfed when physical demands, and consequently energy expenditure, are substantial.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether 2 d of near-total calorie deprivation combined with aerobic exercise degraded cognitive performance and mood.

Roles of the Military Dietitian in Combat Operations and Humanitarian Assistance-Professional Development and Utilization.

Military dietitians have long been valued members of the health care team, called on for their expertise as early as World War I. However, in the more recent conflicts over the past two decades, their role in health care delivery as a component of medical stability operations has been largely undefined. The purpose of this study was to explore the types of missions supported by U.

Interstitial glucose concentrations and hypoglycemia during 2 days of caloric deficit and sustained exercise: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Military personnel and some athlete populations endure short-term energy deficits from reduced energy intake and/or increased energy expenditure (EE) that may degrade physical and cognitive performance due to severe hypoglycemia (<3.1 mmol/l). The extent to which energy deficits alter normoglycemia (3.

Importance of immature platelet fraction as predictor of immune thrombocytopenic purpura.

Background And Objective: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a clinical syndrome in which a decreased number of circulating platelets (thrombocytopenia) manifests as a bleeding tendency, easy bruising (purpura) or extravasation of blood from capillaries into skin and mucous membranes (petechiae). The diagnosis of ITP can be made clinically on the basis of symptoms, we need to see if ITP can be confirmed in patients by quantification of residual RNA containing immature platelets (megakaryocytic mass) or immature platelets fraction (IPF) using automated hematology analyzers (Sysmex XE-2100).

Methods: In order to check the efficacy of IPF% parameter of Sysmex XE-2100 a total of 231 patients of thrombocytopenia were included in this study.