Functional bracing in distal radius fractures: a cadaveric pilot study.

Background: Extra-articular distal radius fractures are often treated by circular casting. A functional brace, however, may equally support the fracture zone but allows early mobilization of the radiocarpal joint. Since the amount of fracture movement for different types of fixation is currently unknown, a study was initiated to investigate the degree of bone displacement in extra-articular distal radius fractures fixated by regular circular casting, functional bracing, or no-fixation.

Traumatic inguinal hernia after fall from truck on a broom.

Background: Inguinal hernias are among the most common abdominal wall hernias but rarely caused by penetrating trauma.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 61-year-old patient with a traumatic inguinal hernia after penetrating injury through the inguinal canal. Local inspection of the intestines and abdominal cavity showed no fecal spill, blood clots or signs of contamination.

Blunt Abdominal Wall Disruption by Seatbelt Injury; A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

With the introduction of the use of seatbelts in cars, mortality following motor vehicle crashes has decreased significantly. However, two patterns of injuries, the ‘seatbelt sign’ and ‘seatbelt syndrome’ have emerged. Injuries may consist of traumatic abdominal wall disruption.

Inter- and intra-observer agreement of the AO classification for operatively treated distal radius fractures.

The reproducibility of the AO classification for distal radius fractures remains a topic of debate. Previous studies showed variable reproducibility results. Important treatment decisions depend on correct classification, especially in comminuted, intra-articular fractures.

Reexpansion pulmonary edema after chest drainage for pneumothorax: A case report and literature overview.

Background: Reexpansion pulmonary edema (RPE) is a rare complication that may occur after treatment of lung collapse caused by pneumothorax, atelectasis or pleural effusion and can be fatal in 20% of cases. The pathogenesis of RPE is probably related to histological changes of the lung parenchyma and reperfusion-damage by free radicals leading to an increased vascular permeability. RPE is often self-limiting and treatment is supportive.

Fatal retroperitoneal bleeding caused by neurofibromatosis: a case report and review of the literature.

A young female was brought into the emergency department with pulseless electrical activity (PEA) after local resection of neurofibromateous lesions. Chest ultrasonography was normal. Abdominal ultrasonography was not performed.

Furfural production by 'acidic steam stripping' of lignocellulose.

Furfural and acetic acid are produced with approximately 60 and 90 mol % yield, respectively, upon stripping bagasse with a gaseous stream of HCl/steam and condensing the effluent to water/furfural/acetic acid. The reaction kinetics is 1(st)  order in furfural and 0.5(th)  order in HCl.

Obstetric rupture of the rectovaginal septum and sphincter complex despite an intact perineum: report of three cases.

Obstetric injury comprising tearing of the rectovaginal septum, rectal mucosa, and anal sphincter complex with limited or no involvement of the perineal body may implicate the sudden appearance of an elbow, foot or head in the anal orifice during the second phase of labour. This complex type of obstetric injury is highly uncommon and reports have rarely been published. There are no guideliness as to how to respond to this obstetric emergency and there is no time for consultation.

Furfural--a promising platform for lignocellulosic biofuels.

Furfural offers a promising, rich platform for lignocellulosic biofuels. These include methylfuran and methyltetrahydrofuran, valerate esters, ethylfurfuryl and ethyltetrahydrofurfuryl ethers as well as various C(10)-C(15) coupling products. The various production routes are critically reviewed, and the needs for improvements are identified.

Spontaneous splenic rupture during Pringle maneuver in liver surgery.

During liver resection clamping of the hepato-duodenal ligament (the Pringle maneuver) is performed to reduce intraoperative blood-loss. During this maneuver acute portal hypertension may lead to spontaneous splenic rupture requiring rapid splenectomy in order to control blood loss. We present 2 case of patients with hemorrhage from the spleen during clamping for liver surgery.

Intra-abdominal migration of a lag screw in gamma nailing: report of a case.

An 83-year-old female patient was referred to the emergency room with progressive pain on mobilization. Three weeks before presentation, she had been treated with a gamma nail for an unstable right intertrochanteric fracture. Pelvic x-ray showed an intra-abdominally migrated lag screw.

Dislocation of the elbow: a retrospective multicentre study of 86 patients.

The objective of this retrospective multicentre cohort study was to prospectively assess the long-term functional outcomes of simple and complex elbow dislocations.We analysed the hospital and outpatient records of 86 patients between 01.03.

Iterative tandem catalysis of secondary diols and diesters to chiral polyesters.

The well-known dynamic kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols and esters was extended to secondary diols and diesters to afford chiral polyesters. This process is an example of iterative tandem catalysis (ITC), a polymerization method where the concurrent action of two fundamentally different catalysts is required to achieve chain growth. In order to procure chiral polyesters of high enantiomeric excess value (ee) and good molecular weight, the catalysts employed need to be complementary and compatible during the polymerization reaction.

Switching from S- to R-selectivity in the Candida antarctica lipase B-catalyzed ring-opening of omega-methylated lactones: tuning polymerizations by ring size.

Novozym 435-catalyzed ring-opening of a range of omega-methylated lactones demonstrates fascinating differences in rate of reaction and enantioselectivity. A switch from S- to R-selectivity was observed upon going from small (ring sizes or=8). This was attributed to the transition from a cisoid to a transoid conformational preference of the ester bond on going from small to large lactones.

Early versus late surgical drainage for obstructive pancreatitis in an experimental model.

Background: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is characterized by intractable abdominal pain, and pancreatic exocrine and endocrine dysfunction. This study investigated whether early surgical drainage of pancreatic duct obstruction leads to improved recovery of pancreatic function compared with late surgical drainage in an experimental model of chronic obstructive pancreatitis.

Methods: Twenty-one piglets underwent pancreatic duct ligation and subsequent longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy after 3 weeks (early drainage) or 6 weeks (late drainage), and drainage continued for 6 weeks.

Chiral polymers by iterative tandem catalysis.

Racemic omega-substituted caprolactones can be completely converted into chiral polyesters of remarkable MW and high ee by combining lipase-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization with Ru-catalyzed racemization.

Chiral oligomers by iterative tandem catalysis.

Iterative tandem catalysis is presented as a flexible tool for obtaining chiral macromolecules from racemic or prochiral monomers. Here, we combine lipase-catalyzed ring-opening of omega-substituted lactones with ruthenium-catalyzed racemization. In a two-pot system, enantioenriched oligomers of 6-methyl-epsilon-caprolactone were synthesized, which could not have been obtained by enzymatic ring-opening alone.

Characterization of some synthetic Ru and Ir complexes by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) was applied to the analysis of Ru(OCOCF(3))(2)(CO)(PPh(3))(2), Ru(OCOC(3)F(7))(2)(CO)(PPh(3))(2), Ir(tBuppy)(3) and Ir(ppy)(2)(acac) complexes. A troublesome problem in the MALDI-TOFMS characterization of these metal complexes is the possible replacement of complex ligands by matrix. In this contribution, 10 matrices, ranging from acidic to basic, were investigated: alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), sinapinic acid (SA), dithranol, 2,4,6-trihydroxyactophenone (THAP), 6-azo-2-thiothymine (ATT), norharman, 2-[(2E)-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methylprop-2-enylidene]malononitrile (DCTB), 4-nitroaniline (NA) and 2-amino-5-nitrophyridine (ANP).

Anchored reference loci in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) for integrating pine genomics.

Anchored reference loci provide a framework for comparative mapping. They are landmarks to denote conserved chromosomal segments, allowing the synthesis of genetic maps from multiple sources. We evaluated 90 expressed sequence tag polymorphisms (ESTPs) from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.