Beneath the surface: DNA barcoding of shark fins in Singapore.

The global decline of shark populations, largely driven by overfishing to supply the shark fin trade, poses a significant threat to marine ecosystems. Southeast Asia, and particularly Singapore, is a key hub for the transit and trade of shark fins that contribute to the exploitation of these apex predators. Through the use of DNA barcoding techniques, this study aimed to determine what species of shark are involved in the Singapore shark fin trade.

Is Glaucoma a Two-Pressure-Related Optic Neuropathy? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: To review the current literature related to the correlation between translaminar pressure difference (TLPD) and glaucoma.

Materials And Methods: In this article, we conducted a literature review using MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Eyes and Vision, and Google Scholar from 01/01/2010 to 31/12/2022. Search terms included "glaucoma", "intraocular pressure", "translaminar cribrosa pressure gradient/difference", "intracranial pressure", and "cerebrospinal fluid pressure".

The Efficacy of Orbital Septal Flap in the Treatment of Moderate and Severe Upper Eyelid Retraction.

Purpose: To assess the long-term effectiveness of the orbital septal flap to lengthen the levator muscle in management of moderate and severe upper eyelid retraction.

Methods: This study reports 46 eyes of 43 consecutive patients with moderate or severe upper eyelid retraction who were recommended for surgery. The period of the study was between October 2016 and October 2019.

Evaluation of Anterior Chamber Depth and Anterior Chamber Angle Changing After Phacoemulsification in the Primary Angle Close Suspect Eyes.

Background: Phacoemulsification surgery has the ability to deeply alter the segment anterior morphology, especially in eye with shallow anterior chamber (AC), narrow anterior chamber angle (ACA). However, the changes of anterior chamber depth (ACD) and ACA on the close angle suspect eyes after phacoemulsification have not been mentioned in many studies. So, we conduct this research.