Concomitant or antecedent intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm is not a prognostic factor in resected pancreatic cancer.

Background: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN)-associated pancreatic cancer is becoming a common subtype of pancreatic cancer found in resected specimens. The prognostic of this subtype is still under evaluation. The study aims to evaluate the prognosis of IPMN-associated pancreatic adenocarcinoma compared to the conventional pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Brazil-TNT: A Randomized Phase 2 Trial of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Followed by FOLFIRINOX Versus Chemoradiation for Stage II/III Rectal Cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant radiation and oxaliplatin-based systemic therapy (total neoadjuvant therapy-TNT) have been shown to increase response and organ-preservation rates in localized rectal cancer. However, trials have been heterogeneous regarding treatment protocols and few have used a watch-and-wait (WW) approach for complete responders. This trial evaluates if conventional long-term chemoradiation followed by consolidation of FOLFIRINOX increases complete response rates and the number of patients managed by WW.

Is physical inactivity and sedentary behavior associated with tumor stage in breast cancer patients? A cross-sectional study of Brazilian women.

Objective: A comparative analysis of the association between sedentary behavior versus physical activity levels and tumor staging in women with breast cancer.

Methods: The present research adopted a cross-sectional study design to recruit a total of 55 adult and elderly women newly diagnosed with breast cancer for data collection and analysis. Inclusion criteria involved patients in procession of a formal approval for participation in the study by the treating physician and those not hitherto subjected to the first cycle of chemotherapy.

Cost-effectiveness of selective internal radiation therapy with Y-90 resin microspheres for intermediate- and advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma in Brazil.

Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a severe condition with poor prognosis that places a significant burden on patients, caregivers, and healthcare systems. Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) is a treatment available to patients with HCC which addresses some of the limitations of alternative treatment options. A cost-effectiveness analysis was undertaken into the use of SIRT using Y-90 resin microspheres for the treatment of unresectable intermediate- and late-stage HCC in Brazil.

Oncologic aspects of the decision-making process for surgical approach for colorectal liver metastases progressing during chemotherapy.

Colorectal cancer represents the third most diagnosed malignancy in the world. The liver is the main site of metastatic disease, affected in 30% of patients with newly diagnosed disease. Complete resection is considered the only potentially curative treatment for colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM), with a 5-year survival rate ranging from 35% to 58%.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of docetaxel perioperative chemotherapy regimens in gastric and esophagogastric tumors.

FLOT regimen became the standard perioperative treatment in several centers around the world for esophagogastric tumors despite concerns about toxicity. In addition, FLOT has never been compared with other docetaxel-based regimens. To address this question, we conducted a systematic review of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science including prospective or retrospective studies of docetaxel based perioperative regimen in gastric and esophagogastric tumors.

Worst outcomes according to RAS mutation variants: an analysis in patients with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Over 50% of metastatic colorectal cancers harbor RAS mutations. It is unclear if different mutation variants have an impact on survival. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of these mutations on colorectal cancer survival.

Meta-analysis of Modified FOLFIRINOX Regimens for Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer.

Background: We performed a meta-analysis of previous reports evaluating the effect of mFIO (modified FOLFIRINOX; leucovorin, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin) regimens in advanced pancreatic cancer.

Materials And Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of reported studies in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (1950-2016) in December 2016. The inclusion criteria were randomized trials, prospective or retrospective cohorts, patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the use of mFIO or FOLFIRINOX (FIO) chemotherapy, and available information for ≥ 1 efficacy endpoint (response rate, progression-free survival, and/or overall survival).

Role of chemotherapy in dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the retroperitoneum: defining the benefit and challenges of the standard.

Benefit from chemotherapy for well-differentiated/de-differentiated (WD/DD) liposarcomas has been reported to be minimal, however traditional response criteria may not adequately capture positive treatment effect. In this study, we evaluate benefit from first-line chemotherapy and characterize imaging response characteristics in patients with retroperitoneal (RP) WD/DD liposarcoma treated at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Response was assessed using RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) and an exploratory analysis of vascular response was characterized.

Predictive Value of Serum Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) for Early Mortality in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.

Introduction: Levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in metastatic pancreatic cancer are used in daily practice as a marker of response to chemotherapy. The association between CA19-9 levels and mortality remains uncertain. This study sought to determine the most accurate level of CA19-9 associated with early mortality, both at diagnosis and during the course of metastatic disease.

Incidental Findings in Reduction Mammoplasty Specimens in Patients with No Prior History of Breast Cancer. An Analysis of 783 Specimens.

Breast reduction surgery is a common procedure and the rate of incidental findings in the removed specimens varies between 0% and 4.6%. There are no guidelines about pathological evaluation of breast reduction surgery.

Use of Expansion Cohorts in Phase I Trials and Probability of Success in Phase II for 381 Anticancer Drugs.

Evaluate the association between the use of phase I expansion cohorts (ECs) and drug performance in phase II as well as time to approval by the FDA. We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE for single-agent dose-finding adult oncology phase I trials published in 2006 to 2011 and subsequent phase II trials. Successful phase II trials were those that met their primary endpoints.

Does Time-to-Chemotherapy Impact the Outcomes of Resected Ovarian Cancer? Meta-analysis of Randomized and Observational Data.

Objectives: This study is a meta-analysis of prior publications evaluating the impact of time-to-chemotherapy (TTC) on disease recurrence and survival 3 years after the original surgery.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of studies published in PubMed (1950-2016) as of April 2016. Inclusion criteria were as follows: randomized controlled trials and prospective or retrospective cohorts that included patients with ovarian cancer who had undergone surgery with curative intent and use of adjuvant chemotherapy.

Clinical features and overall survival among elderly cancer patients in a tertiary cancer center.

Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological profile and overall survival of a large population of elderly individuals diagnosed with solid tumors in a tertiary hospital.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients aged >65 years, diagnosed with solid tumors between January 2007 and December 2011, at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil. The medical records were reviewed to obtain information about clinical variables and overall survival.

Prevalence of renal insufficiency in elderly cancer patients in a tertiary cancer center.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of abnormal glomerular filtration rate in elderly patients with solid tumors.

Methods: A retrospective study with patients aged >65 years diagnosed with solid tumors between January 2007 and December 2011 in a cancer center. The following data were collected: sex, age, serum creatinine at the time of diagnosis and type of tumor.

Effects of alveolar recruitment maneuvers on clinical outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To assess the effects of alveolar recruitment maneuvers (ARMs) on clinical outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods: We conducted a search of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science (from inception to July 2014) databases for all (i.e.

Association of glucocorticoid receptor polymorphisms with clinical and metabolic profiles in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether glucocorticoid receptor gene polymorphisms are associated with clinical and metabolic profiles in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Polycystic ovary syndrome is a complex endocrine disease that affects 5-8% of women and may be associated with metabolic syndrome, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Cortisol action and dysregulation account for metabolic syndrome development in the general population.

CYP21A2 genotypes do not predict the severity of hyperandrogenic manifestations in the nonclassical form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

There is a strong correlation between the severity of genotypes and 17OH-progesterone levels in patients with the nonclassical form of 21-hydroxylase deficiency (NC-CAH); however, there are few studies regarding the correlation with clinical signs. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether genotypes correlate with the severity of the hyperandrogenic phenotype. A cohort of 114 NC-CAH patients were diagnosed by stimulated-17OHP ≥10 ng/ml.

Do established prognostic factors explain the different mortality rates in ICU septic patients around the world?

Background: The aim of this paper was to clarify if previously established prognostic factors explain the different mortality rates observed in ICU septic patients around the world.

Methods: This is a sub-study from the PROGRESS study, which was an international, prospective, observational registry of ICU patients with severe sepsis. For this study we included 10930 patients from 24 countries that enrolled more than 100 patients in the PROGRESS.

Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on myocardial and renal injury: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of remote ischemic precondition (RIPC) on the incidence of myocardial and renal injury in patients undergoing cardiovascular interventions as measured by biomarkers. Clinical data were pooled to evaluate the usefulness of RIPC to benefit clinical outcomes.

Background: Debate exists regarding the merit of using RIPC for patients undergoing cardiovascular interventions.

Effect of tight blood glucose control versus conventional control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Tight control of blood glucose reduces cardiovascular events and total mortality is conflicting. To summarize clinical effects of tight versus conventional glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Knowledge with no limits of language and time.

Impact of Plasma-Lyte pH 7.4 on acid-base status and hemodynamics in a model of controlled hemorrhagic shock.

Objective: Intravenous infusion of crystalloid solutions is a cornerstone of the treatment of hemorrhagic shock. However, crystalloid solutions can have variable metabolic acid-base effects, perpetuating or even aggravating shock-induced metabolic acidosis. The aim of this study was to compare, in a controlled volume-driven porcine model of hemorrhagic shock, the effects of three different crystalloid solutions on the hemodynamics and acid-base balance.

Cochrane meta-analysis: teicoplanin versus vancomycin for proven or suspected infection.

Objective: To compare efficacy and safety of vancomycin versusteicoplanin in patients with proven or suspected infection.

Data Sources: Cochrane Renal Group's Specialized Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, nephrology textbooks and review articles.

Inclusion Criteria: Randomized controlled trials in any language comparing teicoplanin to vancomycin for patients with proven or suspected infection.

Teicoplanin versus vancomycin for proven or suspected infection.

Background: Vancomycin and teicoplanin are commonly used to treat gram-positive infections, particularly those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). There is uncertainty regarding the effects of teicoplanin compared to vancomycin on kidney function with some previous studies suggesting teicoplanin is less nephrotoxic than vancomycin.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and safety of vancomycin versus teicoplanin in patients with proven or suspected infection.