Associated Risk Factors of STIs and Multiple Sexual Relationships among Youths in Malawi.

Background: Having unprotected sex with multiple sexual partners (MSP) is the greatest risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among youths. Young people with MSPs are less likely to use a condom and the greater the risk for STIs. This study examines the associated risk factors of STIs and multiple sexual partnerships among youths aged 15-24 years.

CT Perfusion Dynamics of Intracranial Tuberculomas.

Aims: To study perfusion characteristics of intracranial tuberculomas and analyze changes with anti tubercular treatment.

Materials And Methods: Nineteen patients of histologically proven intracranial tuberculomas were included in the study of which 9 were not on antitubercular treatment and ten were on antitubercular treatment (6 patients on treatment for less than 2 months and 4 were more than 6 months). All patients underwent CT perfusion (CTP) and CTP parameters like rCBV and rCBF were obtained from entire lesion, center and capsule of lesions and compared.

An Analysis of Background Factors Influencing Selection of Residency Facility for Dental Students in Universities Located in Rural Areas in Japan.

In Japan, since 2006, participation in a 1-year residency programme by all dentists who have passed the National Board Dental Examination has been mandatory. Therefore, a 'matching system' has become necessary for dental students in their final year to decide their desired residency facility, but the rate of matching in dental schools located in rural areas is still low. Aim : The principal aim of this study was to elucidate the background factors influencing the selection of residency facilities by dental students in rural areas to facilitate the training of dentists working in local communities.

Gene Silencing and Activation of Human Papillomavirus 18 Is Modulated by Sense Promoter Associated RNA in Bidirectionally Transcribed Long Control Region.

Background: Recently various studies have demonstrated the role of promoter associated non-coding RNAs (pRNA) in dsRNA induced transcriptional gene silencing and activation. However the exact mechanistic details of these processes with respect to the orientation of pRNAs are poorly defined.

Methodology/principal Findings: We have identified novel sense and antisense long control region (LCR) associated RNAs (pRNAs) in HPV18 positive cervical cancer cell lines HeLa, C-4 I and C-4 II.

Metabolic Alkalosis resulting from a Congenital Duodenal Diaphragm.

Duodenal diaphragm is an unusual cause of upper intestinal obstruction. We present here a neonate with duodenal diaphragm who presented with features of metabolic alkalosis. Further, an algorithm of management of metabolic alkalosis in a newborn is suggested.

Perils of total colonic aganglionosis presenting in neonatal age.

Background: The purpose of this study is to review the cases of total colonic aganglionosis seen in the span of ten years at a pediatric surgery unit of a tertiary care public hospital in New Delhi.

Methods: Medical records of twelve patients with total colonic aganglionosis were retrieved.

Results: Ten out of the twelve patients were males; seven were of the Muslim community.

Genetic association of SNPs near ATOH7, CARD10, CDKN2B, CDC7 and SIX1/SIX6 with the endophenotypes of primary open angle glaucoma in Indian population.

Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) belonging to a group of optic neuropathies, result from interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Study of associations with quantitative traits (QTs) is one of the successful strategies to understand the complex genetics of POAG. The current study attempts to explore the association of variations near/in genes like ATOH7, SIX1/SIX6 complex, CDKN2B, CARD10, and CDC7 with POAG and its QTs including vertical cup to disc ratio (VCDR), central corneal thickness (CCT), intra ocular pressure (IOP), and axial length (AL).

Heart rate variability in overweight health care students: correlation with visceral fat.

Background And Objectives: Increased sympathetic activity, decreased parasympathetic activity and sympathovagal imbalance (SVI) has been reported in obese individuals. However, the SVI and its association with visceral fat in overweight health care students have not been explored. Therefore, in the present study, we have assessed heart rate variability (HRV) and its association with visceral fat in overweight health care students.

Effect of Unripe Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale) on Blood Glucose, Body Weight and Feed Intake of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats.

Objective: To determine the effect of unripe plantain (Musa paradisiaca) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) on blood glucose (BG), feed intake (FI) and weight of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.

Methods: Twenty four male albino rats were used and were divided into 4 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1 (non-diabetic) and Group 2 (diabetic) received standard rat feed; Group 3 received unripe plantain incorporated feed (810 /kg body weight) and Group 4 received unripe plantain+ginger incorporated feed (710:100 g/kg body weight).

Evaluation of internal and marginal fit of two metal ceramic system - in vitro study.

Introduction: The high strength porcelain fused metal crowns have been extensively used in dentistry. However, the fit is the most encountered problems in porcelain fused metal crowns. This mainly depends on the fabrication technique.

A rare case of perforation peritonitis with jejunal stricture in a patient recently treated for pulmonary tuberculosis.

Abdominal tuberculosis (ATB) constitutes 12% of the extra pulmonary disease and is a rare but well-documented cause of perforation peritonitis, occasionally occurring in cases where the diagnosis has been delayed but may occur even after antituberculous therapy has been initiated. Most patients with tuberculosis strictures respond well to medical treatment and should be resorted to surgery only if drug therapy fails. Despite surgical intervention, tuberculosis perforation has a high complication and mortality rate.

Severe Falciparum Malaria-Difference in Mortality among Male and Nonpregnant Females.

Background: There are many studies regarding the gender difference in severe falciparum malaria. But most of these studies indeed refer to pregnant females only. There are scanty and conflicting reports regarding the mortality trend in nonpregnant females.

Dental Camp Experience in Lifeline Express (LLE) Train among Rural Population of Central, India.

Introduction: The lifeline express is the world's first hospital train. To date, over 800,000 patients living in the remote rural interiors of India where medical facilities are scarce, have been treated.

Objective: To evaluate the application and feasibility of providing screening, diagnosis, preventive dental treatment for rural population through mobile dental unit in lifeline express train from last three years in Madhya Pradesh, India.

The Effect of Scaling and Root Planing on Glycaemic Control, Periodontal Status and Gingival Crevicular Fluid TNF-α Levels in an Indian Population- To Reveal the Ambivalent Link.

Context: Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus(DM) share a two - way relationship. It can be hypothesized that successful management of periodontal infection in diabetes will lead not only to reduction of local signs and symptoms of the disease, but also to better control of glucose metabolism.

Aims: To monitor the effect of Scaling and Root planing (SRP) on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by estimating the HbA1c and GCF TNF-α levels.

A Comparative Study of RIPASA Score and ALVARADO Score in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis.

Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies. Different techniques have been devised to assist in equivocal cases in attempts to decrease negative appendicectomy rates. A number of scoring systems have been used for aiding in early diagnosis of acute appendicitis and its prompt management of which Alvarado score is the most popular.

A positive association between foot posture index and medial compartment knee osteoarthritis in moroccan people.

Objectives: To compare foot posture in people with and without medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA), and to assess association between its abnormalities and medial compartment knee OA.

Methods: We compared the foot posture of patients with clinically and radiographically-confirmed medial compartment knee OA and asymptomatic healthy controls using the foot posture index (FPI), navicular height, and the medial arch.

Results: We included 100 patients and 80 asymptomatic controls.

Fluoride ion sensing in aqueous medium by employing nitrobenzoxadiazole-postgrafted mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MCM-41).

A mesoporous silica-based inorganic-organic hybrid material (NBD-AP-MCM) has been designed and developed as a fluorescent chemosensor for the detection of fluoride in aqueous medium. The system was developed by covalently anchoring 7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (NBD) dye onto the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles, MCM-41. The system was characterized using several conventional analytical methods comprising spectroscopic, microscopic and thermo-gravimetric techniques.

Testicular Torsion in Cerebral Palsy - Resident's Grey Area.

The association of testicular torsion and cerebral palsy is a well-known fact. But the infrequent presentation to emergency room makes the clinician sceptical. Such a presentation often puzzles the residents regarding the diagnosis and the treatment.

Influence of rotating shift work on visual reaction time and visual evoked potential.

Background: The present day life style is changing the circadian rhythm of the body especially in rotating night shift workers. The impact of this prolongs their reaction time. Night shift also interferes with the circadian variation of pupil size which may affect the visual evoked potential.

Synergetic effect of size and morphology of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles on proton relaxivity.

Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with average sizes of 14, 9 and 6 nm were synthesised by the chemical co-precipitation technique. Average particle sizes were varied by changing the chitosan surfactant to precursor molar ratio in the reaction mixture. Transmission electron microscopy images revealed a faceted and irregular morphology for the as-synthesised nanoparticles.

Evaluation of soft and hard tissue changes after anterior segmental osteotomy.

Objective: To determine the relationship between the changes of soft and hard tissues after anterior segmental osteotomy and to evaluate these changes using cepahalometric and photometric analyses.

Materials And Methods: Ten patients aged 18-30 years who underwent anterior segmental osteotomy were included in the study. Preoperative and postoperative records consisted of lateral cephalogram and frontal and lateral photographs.

Giant inguinoscrotal hernia repaired by lichtensteins technique without loss of domain -a case report.

Giant inguinal hernia is a formidable surgical problem. It is defined as inguinal hernia extending up to mid thigh or below in standing position. Giant inguinal hernia is usually associated with compromised quality of life due to sexual discomfort and constant weight bearing.

Tandem rhomboid flap repair: a new technique in treatment of extensive pilonidal disease of the natal cleft.

Pilonidal sinus is an annoying chronic benign disease causing disability in young adults, mainly affecting the intergluteal furrow. Treatment of this condition remains controversial and is represented by a myriad of techniques available. Most of the techniques are judged against open excision and secondary healing in terms of minimizing disease recurrence and patient discomfort.

Primary Supratentorial Haemorrhage - Surgery or no Surgery in an Indian Setup.

Introduction: Rise of hypertension among younger age group has increased the prevalence of intracranial haemorrhage. Conflicting reviews regarding the mode of treatment has been a concern to the treating physicians especially in a developing country like India. This study was undertaken to underline the importance of management and propose a local protocol for primary supra-tentorial haemorrhage.

Study of Auditory, Visual Reaction Time and Glycemic Control (HBA1C) in Chronic Type II Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a disease of insulin deficiencyleads to micro and macro vascular disorder. Neuropathy is one of the major complication of chronic uncontrolled Diabetes affecting the Reaction time.

Objectives: To study the correlation between the glycosylated HbA1C and Auditory, visual Reaction time in chronic Type II diabetes (40-60y) of on oral hypoglycemic drugs of>10 y duration in two groups (n-100 in each group , both Males & females) and compared within the study groups and also with the age matched control group (100).