Major expansions of select CD8+ subsets in acute Epstein-Barr virus infection: comparison with chronic human immunodeficiency virus disease.

CD8+ lymphocyte phenotypes were characterized during acute Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and a comparison was made to previous studies of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This was of interest because CD8+ cells contribute to immunologic control of both infections, but the usual outcome of EBV infection is benign, whereas untreated HIV infection is fatal. During acute EBV infection, CD8+ cells expressed elevated levels of the activation antigens CD38 and HLA-DR, similar to that during chronic HIV infection.

Response of glioma cells to interferon-gamma: increase in class II RNA, protein and mixed lymphocyte reaction-stimulating ability.

Previous results by ourselves and others demonstrated that brain cells and cell lines express major histocompatibility complex class II antigens. We examined interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-mediated induction of human class II antigen expression on the glioma cells. Purified IFN-gamma induced the expression of HLA-DR antigens on the surface of the glioma cell lines U-373 MG and U-105 MG.

Characterization of distinct tyrosine-specific protein kinases in B and T lymphocytes.

Lymphocyte membrane fractions from both normal and neoplastic sources exhibit tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity. The molecular weights of the endogenous substrates phosphorylated on tyrosine residues differ in B and T cells. To further characterize membrane tyrosine phosphorylation in the two major classes of lymphocytes, the tryptic phosphopeptides of their endogenous substrates were compared and the sensitivity of the kinases to inhibition by N alpha-p-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK) was determined.

Interferon-alpha and -gamma promote myeloid differentiation of HL-60, a human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line.

Two different preparations of ultrapurified interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) (lymphoblastoid and peripheral blood leukocyte) and one of IFN-gamma were tested for their ability to induce terminal differentiation and alter cell growth in three human leukemia cell lines of different hematological origin (HL-60, K562, U937). Cell lines were cultured for 9 days in the presence of 500 units/ml of either IFN-alpha or of IFN-gamma. Cell counts and stained differentials were made on days 3, 6, and 9 to assess the effects of IFN.

Influence of mammary tumor progression on phenotype and function of spleen and in situ lymphocytes in mice.

Peripheral immunity to an immunogenic chemically induced mouse mammary adenocarcinoma has been demonstrated in the syngeneic host, i.e., BALB/c mice, by several in vivo and in vitro cell-mediated immune assays.

Membranes from T and B lymphocytes have different patterns of tyrosine phosphorylation.

Membrane fractions isolated from mouse and rat spleen expressed substantial tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity. Phosphotyrosine (P-Tyr) accumulation in endogenous membrane substrates was stimulated by vanadate or nonionic detergents. When in vitro phosphorylation was carried out at 0 degree C in the presence of 1 mM Mn2+ and Triton X-100, P-Tyr constituted up to 40-50% of the total phospho amino acid.

Lymphoreticular cells isolated by centrifugal elutriation from a mammary adenocarcinoma. I. Characterization of an in situ lymphocyte suppressor population by surface markers and functional reactivity.

The procedure of centrifugal elutriation was evaluated as a means of purifying large numbers of in situ lymphocytes from enzymatically disaggregated mouse mammary tumors. The eluate obtained at a flow rate of 3.0 ml/min was optimal for high levels of lymphocyte recovery with low levels of contaminating tumor cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and macrophages.

Tumoricidal activity of an acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60) is augmented by human interferon alpha.

Normal human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and cells from a human acute promyelocytic leukemia line (HL-60) were tested for cytotoxic potential against two human glioma and one normal fibroblast line. Both the PMNs and HL-60 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against the tumor targets while sparing the normal fibroblasts. However, the two glioma cell lines were not equally susceptible to the effector cells.

Purified membrane fractions from mammary tumor cells elicit biological reactivity in in vitro cell-mediated immune reactions.

Lithium chloride (LiCl) aggregation followed by centrifugation through a sucrose step gradient was used to obtain purified plasma membranes from two sublines of mouse mammary adenocarcinoma. These two tumor lines were chemically induced by treatment of a hyperplastic nodule with 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA). One line, D1-DMBA-3, has been found to be immunogenic to the host of origin, while the other, D1-DMBA-2, does not elicit specific tumor immunity as previously tested in in vivo and in vitro immune reactions.