Prognostic significance of NT-proBNP levels in patients treated with empagliflozin.

Background: Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors have been added to the mainstay of treatment for chronic heart failure. Recent studies suggest that empagliflozin may also reverse cardiac remodeling in heart failure by reducing N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels. In our study, we wanted to show the decrease in NT-proBNP levels, which is an indicator of poor prognosis in heart failure, and to see if there was a decrease in the rate of renal progression in patients with HF after empagliflozin use.

The relationship between insulin resistance and fibroblast growth factor 23 in patients with non-diabetic pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Insulin resistance often occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) owing to mineral and bone metabolism disorders. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 and soluble klotho (s-KL) play crucial roles in linking CKD with mineral and bone metabolism.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between insulin resistance and FGF-23 and s-KL in patients with non-diabetic pre-dialysis patients with CKD.

Kidney Replacement Therapies and Outcomes in Children With Crush Syndrome-Associated Kidney Injury.

Importance: This study addresses the characteristics, kidney replacement therapy (KRT) modalities, and outcomes in children diagnosed with crush syndrome following an earthquake in Turkey.

Objective: To analyze the associations of different KRT modalities with long-term dialysis dependency and length of stay (LOS) in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter, prospective, and retrospective cohort study was conducted across 20 PICUs in Turkey.

An Assessment of Intermittent and Continuous Enteral Feeding in Critically Ill Children.

Background: The inability to ensure adequate nutrition for patients, and failure to provide adequate calorie and protein intake, result in malnutrition, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The present study assesses the two approaches to enteral nutrition-intermittent and continuous enteral feeding-in critically ill pediatric patients in Türkiye to determine the superiority of one method over the other.

Methods: Included in this multicenter prospective study were patients receiving enteral nutrition via a tube who were followed up over a 3-month period.

Determination of Technological Properties and CRISPR Profiles of Isolates Obtained from Local Yogurt Samples.

The aim of this study was to obtain data on Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) profiles of () isolates resulting from acquired immune memory in addition to their technological starter properties for the selection of potential starter cultures from local yogurt samples. A total of 24 isolates were collected from six local yogurt samples including Afyon/Dinar, Uşak, Konya/Karapınar, and Tokat provinces of Türkiye. Strain-specific CRISPR I-II-III and IV primers were used to determine the CRISPR profiles of the isolates.

Advances for Managing Pancreatic Cystic Lesions: Integrating Imaging and AI Innovations.

Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) represent a spectrum of non-neoplasms and neoplasms with varying malignant potential, posing significant challenges in diagnosis and management. While some PCLs are precursors to pancreatic cancer, others remain benign, necessitating accurate differentiation for optimal patient care. Conventional approaches to PCL management rely heavily on radiographic imaging, and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA), coupled with clinical and biochemical data.

Comparison of long-term outcomes of infliximab and adalimumab therapy in biologic-naive patients with ulcerative colitis.

Background: To compare the long-term safety and efficacy of Adalimumab (ADA) and Infliximab (IFX) agents in biologic-naive patients with Ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: The key focus was on specific outcomes such as the requirement of hospitalization due to UC, colectomy, steroid administration, and severe infections that led to the discontinuation of therapy.

Results: Anti-TNF treatment was initiated in 208 of the 475 patients with ulcerative colitis.

A hepatocellular carcinoma model with and without parenchymal liver damage that integrates technical and pathophysiological advantages for therapy testing.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of primary liver cancer, with cirrhosis being its strongest risk factor. Interestingly, an increasing number of HCC cases is also observed without cirrhosis. We developed an HCC model via intrasplenic injection of highly tumorigenic HCC cells, which, due to cellular tropism, invade the liver and allow for a controllable disease progression.

The role of hyaluronan modification in the etiopathogenesis of gastric cancer.

Objective: Gastric cancer is the second most common cancer in the world, accounting for 650,000 deaths per year, and is observed in approximately 10% of the patients diagnosed. Extracellular matrix abnormalities have been documented in gastric cancer patients. The aim of our study was to understand the role of high levels of hyaluronan, an extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan, and its mechanistic role in gastric cancer pathobiology.

Physicians' ethical concerns about artificial intelligence in medicine: a qualitative study: .

Background/aim: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the capability of computational systems to perform tasks that require human-like cognitive functions, such as reasoning, learning, and decision-making. Unlike human intelligence, AI does not involve sentience or consciousness but focuses on data processing, pattern recognition, and prediction through algorithms and learned experiences. In healthcare including neuroscience, AI is valuable for improving prevention, diagnosis, prognosis, and surveillance.

Acute GLP-1 Agonism Induces Arrhythmogenic Electrical Activity in Aged Mice Heart Through Impaired Cellular Na+ and Ca2+ Handlings: The Role of CK2 Hyperphosphorylation.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are known for their benefits in conditions like cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes and obesity. They also show promise for aging-related conditions with minimal side effects. However, their impact on cardiovascular risk is still debated.

Ribociclib-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis: A Case Report.

Drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis (DI-AIH) is a condition that mimics autoimmune hepatitis both histologically and clinically, making diagnosis challenging. Ribociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor used in the treatment of metastatic breast carcinoma, has been associated with rare cases of DI-AIH. We present the case of a 46-year-old woman undergoing treatment with ribociclib for metastatic breast carcinoma, who developed fatigue, skin rash, and significantly elevated liver enzymes two months into therapy.

Large-scale multi-center CT and MRI segmentation of pancreas with deep learning.

Automated volumetric segmentation of the pancreas on cross-sectional imaging is needed for diagnosis and follow-up of pancreatic diseases. While CT-based pancreatic segmentation is more established, MRI-based segmentation methods are understudied, largely due to a lack of publicly available datasets, benchmarking research efforts, and domain-specific deep learning methods. In this retrospective study, we collected a large dataset (767 scans from 499 participants) of T1-weighted (T1 W) and T2-weighted (T2 W) abdominal MRI series from five centers between March 2004 and November 2022.

Evaluation of Smell Function in Patients with Childhood Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes at a Pediatric Neurology Clinic-A Case-Control Study.

Childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (CECTS) is associated with cognitive, behavioral, and language difficulties. These epileptic discharges predominantly occur in the temporal lobe, which is known to be involved in olfactory functions. This study aims to assess olfactory dysfunction in patients with CECTS.

Investigating the Sim-to-Real Generalizability of Deep Learning Object Detection Models.

State-of-the-art object detection models need large and diverse datasets for training. As these are hard to acquire for many practical applications, training images from simulation environments gain more and more attention. A problem arises as deep learning models trained on simulation images usually have problems generalizing to real-world images shown by a sharp performance drop.

Independent Relationship between Ankylosing Spondylitis and Presystolic Wave Detected on Echocardiography.

Objective: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a persistent inflammatory disease affecting the axial skeleton which may lead to cardiovascular involvement. We examined the relationship between the presystolic wave (PW), which is frequently encountered in the evaluation of the left ventricular (LV) outflow tract, and AS.

Methods: The study included 117 consecutive patients with 73 of them being male.