Matrix metalloprotease-7 is associated with post-COVID-19 persistent lung abnormalities.

https://bit.ly/4etsvk5.

Variants rs3804099 and rs3804100 in the Gene Induce Different Profiles of TLR-2 Expression and Cytokines in Response to Spike of SARS-CoV-2.

The present study aimed to identify in patients with severe COVID-19 and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) the association between rs3804099 and rs3804100 () and evaluate the expression of TLR-2 on the cell surface of innate and adaptive cells of patients' carriers of C allele in at least one genetic variant. We genotyped 1018 patients with COVID-19 and ARDS. According to genotype, a subgroup of 12 patients was selected to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with spike and LPS + spike.

Altered expression pattern of immune response-related genes and isoforms in hypersensitivity pneumonitis lung fibroblasts.

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immune-mediated inflammatory interstitial lung disease that may evolve to pulmonary fibrosis, a progressive disorder with a poor prognosis characterized by fibroblast activation and extracellular matrix accumulation. In HP lung fibroblasts, the gene expression of proteins involved in the interaction with the immune response, their isoforms, and how they influence their phenotype have yet to be elucidated. We analyzed the expression and splicing variants of 16 target genes involved in the interaction between HP fibroblasts and immune signaling and evaluated possible correlations with clinical data.

Determination of loss of chromosome Y in peripheral blood cells in males with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

https://bit.ly/3ZIQHKi

Enhancing quality of life in severe post-COVID-19 survivors through multidisciplinary care.

Background: COVID-19 survivors who were hospitalised continue to experience long-term multisystemic sequelae and symptoms, impacting their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The complexity of post-COVID-19 conditions underscores the importance of adopting a multidisciplinary, patient-centric approach to ensure ongoing care. This study aims to assess HRQoL and post-COVID symptoms in a cohort of severe COVID-19 survivors depending on their participation in a multidisciplinary programme.

14-bp variant is associated with exercise-induced oxygen desaturation in the post-COVID-19 condition.

https://bit.ly/3THdx1D.

Persistence of lung structural and functional alterations at one year post-COVID-19 is associated with increased serum PD-L2 levels and altered CD4/CD8 ratio.

Background: Persistent respiratory symptoms and lung abnormalities post-COVID-19 are public health problems. This study evaluated biomarkers to stratify high-risk patients to the development or persistence of post-COVID-19 interstitial lung disease.

Methods: One hundred eighteen patients discharged with residual lung abnormalities compatible with interstitial lung disease (COVID-ILD patients) after a severe COVID-19 were followed for 1 year (post-COVID-ILD patients).

The Immune Response of , , and Genes in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19.

COVID-19 is characterized by a wide range of clinical manifestations, where aging, underlying diseases, and genetic background are related to worse outcomes. In the present study, the differential expression of seven genes related to immunity, , , , , , , and , was analyzed in individuals with COVID-19 diagnoses of different disease severities. Two-step RT-qPCR was performed to determine the relative gene expression in whole-blood samples from 160 individuals.

Association of and polymorphisms in COVID-19 host severity and non-survival.

Background: Enzymes of the peptidylarginine deiminase family (PADs) play a relevant role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. However, the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in their genes with COVID-19 severity and death is unknown.

Methodology: We included 1045 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between October 2020 and December 2021.

Validity of bioelectric impedance analysis for body composition assessment in interstitial lung disease patients.

Background: changes in body composition (BC) are common in interstitial lung disease, which leads to an increased risk of complications and infections, and are associated with poor quality of life and worse outcomes. BC assessment is important to identify malnutrition and sarcopenia. However, gold-standard techniques are not available in all clinical settings.

Lung microbiome alterations in patients with anti-Jo1 antisynthetase syndrome and interstitial lung disease.

Aim: To characterize the lung microbiome in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with Antisynthetase Syndrome (ASSD) according to anti-Jo1 autoantibody positivity and evaluate the correlation with differential cell count and other bacterial genera in BALF.

Methods: We sequenced the 16S ribosomal RNA gene in the BALF of anti-Jo1-positive (JoP, n=6) and non-Jo1-positive (NJo, n=17) patients, and the differential cell count in BALF was evaluated. The Spearman's correlation was calculated for the quantitative variables and abundance of bacterial species.

Peripheral Blood Single-Cell Sequencing Uncovers Common and Specific Immune Aberrations in Fibrotic Lung Diseases.

Rationale And Objectives: The extent and commonality of peripheral blood immune aberrations in fibrotic interstitial lung diseases are not well characterized. In this study, we aimed to identify common and distinct immune aberrations in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (FHP) using cutting-edge single-cell profiling technologies.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on patients and healthy controls' peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage samples using 10X Genomics 5' gene expression and V(D)J profiling.

Molecular Factors in PAD2 () and PAD4 () Are Associated with Interstitial Lung Disease Susceptibility in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.

Around 50% of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients show some extra-articular manifestation, with the lung a usually affected organ; in addition, the presence of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) is a common feature, which is caused by protein citrullination modifications, catalyzed by the peptidyl arginine deiminases (PAD) enzymes. We aimed to identify single nucleotide variants (SNV) in and genes (PAD2 and PAD4 proteins, respectively) associated with susceptibility to interstitial lung disease (ILD) in RA patients and the PAD2 and PAD4 levels. Material and methods: 867 subjects were included: 118 RA-ILD patients, 133 RA patients, and 616 clinically healthy subjects (CHS).

Clinical risk factors in patients with interstitial lung disease associated with anti-MDA5 autoantibodies.

Introduction: The anti-MDA5-associated autoimmune disease represents a poorly understood entity. The study's objectives were to describe a cohort of interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients who were positive for anti-MDA5 autoantibody and identify clinical risk factors associated with survival.

Methods: This single-center cohort study included ILD patients positive for anti-MDA5 autoantibody.

COVID-19 patients with high TNF/IFN-γ levels show hallmarks of PANoptosis, an inflammatory cell death.

TNF and IFN-γ trigger cell damage during SARS CoV-2 infection; these cytokines can induce senescence and a cell death process called PANoptosis. This study included 138 vaccine-naïve COVID-19 patients, who were divided into four groups (Gp) according to the plasma level of TNF and IFN-γ (High [] or Normal-Low []), Gp 1: TNF/IFNγ; Gp 2: TNF/IFNγ; Gp 3: TNF/IFNγ; and Gp 4: TNF/IFNγ. Thirty-five apoptosis-related proteins and molecules related to cell death and senescence were evaluated.

High Expression Levels of miR-21-5p in Younger Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Are Associated with Mortality and Critical Disease.

Unlabelled: In COVID-19, critical disease and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) increase the risk of death, mainly in patients over 60 years of age.

Objectives: To find the relationship between miR-21-5p and miR-146a-5p in terms of the severity, IMV, and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients younger than 55 years of age.

Methods: The patients were stratified according to disease severity using the IDSA/WHO criteria for severe and critical COVID-19 and subclassified into critical non-survivors and critical survivors.

The rs16969968 Tobacco Smoking-Related Single-Nucleotide Variant Is Associated with Clinical Markers in Patients with Severe COVID-19.

Tobacco smoking is the leading risk factor for many respiratory diseases. Several genes are associated with nicotine addiction, such as and . This research aims to evaluate the association of the polymorphisms rs16969968 () and rs3918396 () in patients who developed severe COVID-19.

The rs1799752 Variant Is Associated with COVID-19 Severity but Is Independent of Serum ACE Activity in Hospitalized and Recovered Patients.

This paper assesses the association of the insertion/deletion (angiotensin-converting enzyme) variant (rs1799752 I/D) and the serum ACE activity with the severity of COVID-19 as well as its impact on post-COVID-19, and we compare these associations with those for patients with non-COVID-19 respiratory disorders. We studied 1252 patients with COVID-19, 104 subjects recovered from COVID-19, and 74 patients hospitalized with a respiratory disease different from COVID-19. The rs1799752 variant was assessed using TaqMan Assays.

Effects of Supplemental Oxygen on Cardiovascular and Respiratory Interactions by Extended Partial Directed Coherence in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and restrictive disease characterized by fibrosis and inflammatory changes in lung tissue producing a reduction in diffusion capacity and leading to exertional chronic arterial hypoxemia and dyspnea. Furthermore, clinically, supplemental oxygen (SupplO) has been prescribed to IPF patients to improve symptoms. However, the evidence about the benefits or disadvantages of oxygen supplementation is not conclusive.

Enhanced Activity of NLRP3 Inflammasome in the Lung of Patients with Anti-Synthetase Syndrome.

Anti-synthetase syndrome (ASSD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammatory interstitial lung disease (ILD). The main objective of this work was to quantify the concentrations of cytokines and molecules associated with inflammasome activation in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of patients with ASSD and a comparison group of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. Cytokines and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined using the concentrated BAL protein.

The HLA-DRB1*07 Allele Is Associated with Interstitial Lung Abnormalities (ILA) and Subpleural Location in a Mexican Mestizo Population.

Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) are defined as the presence of different patterns of increased lung density, including ground glass attenuation and reticular opacities on chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). In this study, we included 90 subjects with ILA and 189 healthy controls (HC) from our Aging Lung Program. We found that subjects with ILA are older, have a significant smoking history, and have worse pulmonary function than HC ( < 0.