Full instantaneous de-icing using extensional modes: The role of architectured and multilayered materials in modes decoupling.

Ultrasonic de-icing systems are energy-efficient solutions for ice protection. The systems generate high levels of stress in the ice by inducing vibrations in the substrate, resulting in bulk or adhesive ice failure and, ultimately, ice removal. For this purpose, two types of resonant modes can be excited: flexural and extensional modes.

Genome-wide analysis of factors regulating gene expression in liver.

In recent decades, multiple individual genes have been studied with respect to their level of expression in liver tissue and in many cases substantial progress has been made in identifying individual factors promoting gene expression in liver. However, the overall picture is still undefined and general rules or factors regulating gene expression in liver have not yet been established. Thus, a genome-wide screen for factors regulating gene expression in liver is of high interest, as it may reveal common regulatory mechanisms for most genes highly expressed in liver.

[Drug therapy of coronary heart disease--are therapeutic guidelines being paid attention to?].

Drug therapy of coronary heart disease (CHD) is a life-long treatment. With every change from in-patient to out-patient care and back, changes in medication may occur. If a drug is chosen which provides no proven long-term benefit in terms of reduced morbidity and mortality, the expected therapeutic benefit may be missed.

Comparison of three-dimensional virtual endoscopy with bronchoscopy in patients with oesophageal carcinoma infiltrating the tracheobronchial tree.

Virtual endoscopy (VE) is a technique for performing simulated bronchoscopy using helical CT data of the tracheobronchial tree. In order to evaluate a virtual three-dimensional (3D) endoluminal procedure for the tracheobronchial tree, comparison was made between bronchoscopy, axial CT images and minimal intensity projections (MIP). 21 patients were referred for helical CT because of oesophageal carcinoma shown by bronchoscopy to infiltrate into the trachea or bronchi.

[Bronchoscopically controlled percutaneous puncture tracheotomy].

With extending duration of translaryngeal intubation the rate of lesions in the oral cavity, pharynx and trachea caused by the orotracheal tube increase. To prevent these complications ventilated patients receive early tracheostomy. PDT is an alternative procedure to the conventional, surgically performed tracheostomy.

Prospective study on the hepatitis safety of intravenous immunoglobulin, pH 4.25.

Recent reports of transmission by intravenous gamma-globulin preparations of non-A non-B hepatitis (NANBH), including several cases that progressed to severe liver damage and death, have raised concerns about the safety of intravenous gamma-globulin. However, the problem does not seem to be widespread. To assess this issue, we previously reported the results of liver function tests monitored in 41 patients with primary immunodeficiency treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IGIV), pH 4.

Anticomplementary activity and the safety of intravenous immunoglobulin.

Quality assurance release levels for anti-complementary (AC) activity of a non-modified intravenous immunoglobulin (IGIV, pH 4.25) were reviewed over a period of one year and nine months in an attempt to correlate the incidence of complement-mediated-type adverse reactions with the AC level. Over 200 lots and ten possible complement-mediated side effects were evaluated.

Glucocorticoids have a different action than aldosterone on target tissue.

Studies were performed, using a synthetic glucocorticoid, RU 28362, that has negligible binding to aldosterone receptors, to examine whether the effect of glucocorticoids on the electrical properties of rat distal colon involves a specific mechanism or crossover binding to aldosterone receptor sites. Compared with control, RU 28362, in a dose of 70 micrograms.100 g body wt-1.

Alterations of antithrombin III after acute myocardial infarction.

The antithrombin III (AT III) activity and the AT III concentration were investigated in 62 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To identify the reactant pattern of AT III in postaggressive situations, we also determined labile and acute phase proteins. Firstly, 29 patients were nourished orally and then 33 patients were fed by i.

Mechanism of electroneutral sodium chloride absorption in distal colon of the rat.

This investigation was designed to establish the mechanism of sodium and chloride transport in the rat distal colon by determining ion fluxes across isolated mucosa under voltage clamp conditions. The net rates of sodium and chloride absorption in the distal colon of the rat were approximately equal (5.8 +/- 0.

Intravenous immune globulin for prevention of cytomegalovirus infection and interstitial pneumonia after bone marrow transplantation.

The effects of high doses of polyvalent intravenous immune globulin given for prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus infection and interstitial pneumonia in recipients of allogeneic marrow transplants were evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. Both symptomatic cytomegalovirus infection (21% compared with 46%, p = 0.03) and interstitial pneumonia (18% compared with 46%, p = 0.

Role of aldosterone in the regulation of sodium and chloride transport in the distal colon of sodium-depleted rats.

Dietary sodium depletion with elevated aldosterone levels induces electrogenic, amiloride-sensitive sodium absorption and inhibits electroneutral sodium chloride absorption in the rat distal colon. To assess the role of aldosterone in the production of these changes, unidirectional 22Na and 36Cl fluxes were performed under voltage clamp conditions across isolated distal colonic mucosa of rats given continuous aldosterone infusions for up to 12 days. Aldosterone infusion for 7-12 days produced identical changes in both electrogenic sodium absorption and electroneutral sodium chloride absorption compared with dietary sodium-depleted animals.

Sodium and chloride transport in the large intestine of potassium-loaded rats.

Increased dietary potassium ("potassium loading") induces several adaptive changes in colonic function, including increased potential-dependent potassium secretion, active potassium secretion, and Na-K-ATPase activity, but does not alter net sodium absorption in vivo. To establish whether potassium loading stimulates active sodium transport, unidirectional, net sodium, and chloride fluxes were determined under voltage-clamp conditions across isolated rat distal colonic mucosa. In normal animals net sodium flux (JNanet), net chloride flux (JClnet) and short-circuit current (Isc) were 6.

Use of a new, low-pH immunoglobulin G preparation during episodes of bacteremia in the rat.

A rapidly expanding role for immunoglobulin G preparations in conditions other than the classical immunodeficiency syndromes is evident. This relatively new concept of treatment with polyclonal antibody has been tested in the rat with severe Salmonella typhimurium bacteremia with use of a newly developed, native immunoglobulin G preparation for intravenous use (IGIV pH 4.25).

Ion transport in proximal colon of the rat. Sodium depletion stimulates neutral sodium chloride absorption.

Unlabelled: The model of sodium and chloride transport proposed for the colon is based on studies performed in the distal segment and tacitly assumes that ion transport is similar throughout the colon. In rat distal colon, neutral sodium-chloride absorption accounts for the major fraction of overall sodium absorption and aldosterone stimulates electrogenic, amiloride-sensitive sodium absorption. Since we have demonstrated qualitative differences in potassium transport in proximal and distal segments of rat colon, unidirectional 22Na and 36Cl fluxes were performed under short-circuit conditions across isolated proximal colon of control and sodium-depleted rats with secondary hyperaldosteronism.

[Use of a polyvalent intravenous immunoglobulin or specific cytomegalovirus hyperimmunoglobulin for modification of cytomegalovirus infections and prevention of interstitial pneumonias following bone marrow transplantation].

The effects of prophylactic, polyvalent intravenous immune globulin on cytomegalovirus infection and interstitial pneumonia in allogenic marrow transplants were evaluated in an ongoing, randomized controlled trial. Thirty-eight patients were given weekly doses (20 cc/kg) of polyvalent intravenous immune globulin before and after transplantation, and 37 patients were controls. Both symptomatic cytomegalovirus infection (17 of 37 or 46% vs.

[Antithrombin III changes following myocardial infarct].

The antithrombin III (AT III) activity and the AT III concentration were investigated in 62 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To identify the reactant pattern of AT III in postaggressive situations, we also determined labile and acute phase proteins. Firstly, 29 patients were nourished orally and then 33 patients were fed by i.

Comparison of varicella zoster antibody titers in patients given intravenous immune serum globulin or varicella zoster immune globulin.

We compared the VZV IgG antibody titers after administration of varicella zoster immune globulin and serum immune globulin intravenously (IGIV) in VZV seronegative pediatric patients with cancer. Four patients received VZIG at standard doses; four received IGIV at 4 ml/kg every 4 weeks for four doses; and five received IGIV at 6 ml/kg every 6 weeks for two to four doses. VZV antibody titers were measured by radiommunoassay (RIA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect fluorescent antibody assay (IFA), and neutralizing antibody assay.

Comparison of high-dose and low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases.

To assess safety and efficacy of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in patients with primary immunodeficiency syndromes we treated a group of 19 patients with a monthly dose of 400 mg/kg of reduced and alkylated, maltose-containing immunoglobulin (Gamimune, Cutter Biological, Berkeley, California) and compared their responses with a group of 16 patients receiving 100 mg/kg per month intravenously. Side effects observed were mild to moderately severe and similar in both groups. In one adult patient receiving the high dose a severe enough reaction developed during the first infusion to exclude her from the study.

Intravenous immunoglobulin for modification of cytomegalovirus infections associated with bone marrow transplantation. Preliminary results of a controlled trial.

The effects of immune globulin intravenous, 5 percent in 10 percent maltose, on cytomegalovirus infection and interstitial pneumonia in bone marrow transplants were evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. Eighteen patients were given weekly doses (20 cc/kg) of intravenous immunoglobulin before and after transplantation, and 18 patients were controls. The incidence of cytomegalovirus infection was similar in the control and intravenous immunoglobulin-treated groups, but symptomatic cytomegalovirus infection (eight of 18 versus three of 18, p = 0.

Varicella zoster antibody titers after the administration of intravenous immune serum globulin or varicella zoster immune globulin.

Varicella is a serious infection in the immunocompromised patient. Prophylaxis with varicella zoster immune globulin is known to decrease the incidence of severe varicella infection. The titers of antibody to varicella zoster virus were compared in patients who received either varicella zoster immune globulin or intravenous immune globulin, 4 ml or 6 ml/kg per dose.