Applications of Smart Material Sensors and Soft Electronics in Healthcare Wearables for Better User Compliance.

The need for innovation in the healthcare sector is essential to meet the demand of a rapidly growing population and the advent of progressive chronic ailments. Over the last decade, real-time monitoring of health conditions has been prioritized for accurate clinical diagnosis and access to accelerated treatment options. Therefore, the demand for wearable biosensing modules for preventive and monitoring purposes has been increasing over the last decade.

Gold nanostar and graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposite for serotonin detection in biological fluids and human embryonic kidney cell microenvironment.

A nanosensor comprising of gold nanostars (Au-Nstars)-graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanocomposite layered on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to detect serotonin (ST) in various body fluids has been fabricated. The nanocomposite and the sensing platform have been thoroughly characterized with UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), energy dispersive X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (EDX), and electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The designed ST detection probe has achieved a linear dynamic range (LDR) in the range 5 × 10 and 1 × 10 M with a limit of detection (LOD) of 15.

Clinically comparable impedimetric immunosensor for serum alkaline phosphatase detection based on electrochemically engineered Au-nano-Dendroids and graphene oxide nanocomposite.

In this work, we demonstrate label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) based alkaline phosphatase (ALP) detection using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), electrochemically engineered Au-nano-Dendroids, and graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite. These nanomaterials were sequentially deposited on to the screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) and antibodies against ALP (anti-ALP) were immobilized using carbodiimide bioconjugation process. The sensor probe has been characterized extensively using TEM, EDX, SAED, XRD, FE-SEM, FTIR, DIC, and electrochemical techniques.

Sputtering enhanced peroxidase like activity of a dendritic nanochip for amperometric determination of hydrogen peroxide in blood samples.

A nonenzymatic electrochemical nanoprobe is described for the fast determination of hydrogen peroxide (HO). A sputtered indium tin oxide electrode with a nano-hierarchical 3D gold structure is used. The nanoprobe was characterized by SEM, EDX, TEM, SAED, and electrochemical techniques.

Novel electrochemical biosensor for serotonin detection based on gold nanorattles decorated reduced graphene oxide in biological fluids and in vitro model.

Abnormal level of serotonin (ST) in body fluids is related to various clinical conditions including behavioral and psychotic disorders; hence its fast detection in clinically relevant ranges have tremendous importance in medical science. In view of this, we have developed a novel biosensor for ST detection using Au-nanorattles (AuNRTs)- reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite coated on to the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) deposited glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The nanocomposite/sensor probe was characterized using UV-Vis, TEM, SAED, EDX, AFM, and electrochemical techniques including LSV and EIS.