Diurnal Intraocular Pressure Profiles in Chronic Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate day-and-night intraocular pressure (IOP) profiles in normal and glaucomatous eyes.

Design: Hospital-based clinical observational study.

Methods: The study included 3561 day-and-night profiles of IOP measurements performed by Goldmann applanation tonometry on 1408 eyes of 720 normal Caucasian subjects or chronic open-angle glaucoma patients.

Circadian intraocular pressure profiles in chronic open angle glaucomas.

Purpose: To evaluate circadian intraocular pressure (IOP) profiles in eyes with different types of chronic open-angle glaucoma (COAG) and normal eyes.

Methods: This study included 3,561 circadian IOP profiles obtained from 1,408 eyes of 720 Caucasian individuals including glaucoma patients under topical treatment (1,072 eyes) and normal subjects (336 eyes). IOP profiles were obtained by Goldmann applanation tonometry and included measurements at 7 am, noon, 5 pm, 9 pm, and midnight.

A mathematical description of nerve fiber bundle trajectories and their variability in the human retina.

We developed a mathematical model wherein retinal nerve fiber trajectories can be described and the corresponding inter-subject variability analyzed. The model was based on traced nerve fiber bundle trajectories extracted from 55 fundus photographs of 55 human subjects. The model resembled the typical retinal nerve fiber layer course within 20 degrees eccentricity.

Heritable features of the optic disc: a novel twin method for determining genetic significance.

Purpose: Numerous genetic diseases and environmental stimuli affect optic nerve morphology. The purpose of this study was to identify the principal heritable components of visible optic nerve head structures in a population-based sample of twins.

Methods: Fifteen optic nerve specialists viewed stereoscopic optic nerve head photographs (Stereo Viewer-II; Pentax Corp.

Iris colour, optic disc dimensions, degree and progression of glaucomatous optic nerve damage.

Purpose: To evaluate whether iris colour influences size and shape of the optic nerve head and risk for glaucoma progression.

Methods: The hospital-based observational study included 1973 eyes of 1012 Caucasian subjects with ocular hypertension or chronic open-angle glaucoma. For all patients, colour stereo optic disc photographs were evaluated, and corneal pachymetry and achromatic perimetry were performed.

Triamcinolone acetonide-induced ocular hypertension.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to report on the clinical course of a patient showing markedly increased intraocular pressure (IOP) caused by intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide.

Methods: A 33-year-old patient received an intravitreal injection of approximately 20 mg of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) as treatment of otherwise therapy-resistant uveitis. She experienced an IOP rise to values over 40 mmHg for a period for more than 3 months, despite maximal antiglaucomatous medical therapy.

Effect of uncomplicated phacoemulsification on the central retina in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the subclinical influence of uncomplicated cataract surgery on foveal thickness and volume in the early postoperative period.

Methods: In a prospective study, 108 eyes were assessed by optical coherence tomography preoperatively and 1 day, 1 week and 4 weeks after uncomplicated small incisional phacoemulsification with endocapsular intraocular lens (IOL) implantation under topical anesthesia. The study included 24 eyes of diabetic patients.

Optical coherence tomography of the optic nerve head: interindividual reproducibility.

Purpose: Optical coherence tomography may be a new technique for quantitative 3-dimensional assessment of the optic nerve head for diagnosis of optic nerve anomalies and diseases such as the glaucomas. The purpose of the present study was to examine its reproducibility.

Patients And Methods: The clinical noninterventional study included 10 randomly chosen eyes of 10 healthy individuals who underwent 24 optical coherence tomographic examinations with the high-resolution and fast scan program, interactively corrected or uncorrected.

Keratometry, optic disc dimensions, and degree and progression of glaucomatous optic nerve damage.

Purpose: To evaluate whether keratometric readings as a measure of corneal shape are associated with optic disc dimensions and with the degree and rate of perimetric progression of chronic open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Methods: The hospital-based observational study included 1826 eyes of 936 patients with ocular hypertension, patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma, or normal individuals. For 733 ocular hypertensive or glaucomatous eyes, follow-up examinations were performed with a mean follow-up time of 58.

Diurnal intraocular pressure profiles and progression of chronic open-angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate whether the amplitude of day-and-night intraocular pressure (IOP) profiles influences the rate of progression of chronic open-angle glaucoma.

Methods: The hospital-based clinical observational study included day-and-night profiles of IOP measurements performed on 458 patients (855 eyes) with chronic open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. The 24-h pressure profiles obtained by Goldmann applanation tonometry contained measurements at 0700, noon, 1700, 2100, and midnight.

Identification of microcystin toxins from a strain of Microcystis aeruginosa by liquid chromatography introduction into a hybrid linear ion trap-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer.

The cyclic heptapeptide microcystin toxins produced by a strain of Microcystis aeruginosa that has not been investigated previously were separated by liquid chromatography and identified by high-accuracy m/z measurements of their [M + H]+ ions and the fragment ions produced by collision-activated dissociation of the [M + H]+ ions. The cyanobacteria B2666 strain was cultured in a standard growth medium, and the toxins were released from the cells, extracted from the aqueous phase, and concentrated using standard procedures. The microcystins were separated by reversed-phase microbore liquid chromatography and introduced directly into a hybrid linear ion trap-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization.

Optic disc morphometry with optical coherence tomography: comparison with planimetry of fundus photographs and influence of parapapillary atrophy and pigmentary conus.

Purpose: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an established method for visualising macular pathology and for measuring the thickness of parapapillary retinal nerve fibre layer. The purpose of the present study was to compare OCT measurements of the optic disc with those obtained by planimetry of fundus photographs and to investigate whether OCT measurements are influenced by the amount of parapapillary atrophy or pigmentary conus at the disc margin.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-two eyes of 41 randomly selected Asian-Indian subjects were included.

Single intraocular pressure measurements and diurnal intraocular pressure profiles.

Purpose: To evaluate the probability of a single intraocular pressure measurement to be the highest measurement within a diurnal intraocular pressure profile.

Design: Hospital-based clinical, observational study.

Methods: The study included 3,025 day-and-night intraocular pressure profiles measured on 1,072 eyes of 547 Caucasian glaucoma patients or glaucoma suspects.

Predictive factors for progressive optic nerve damage in various types of chronic open-angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate whether various types of chronic open-angle glaucoma differ in predictive factors for progression of glaucomatous optic nerve damage.

Design: Observational cohort study.

Setting: Prospective observational clinical study.

Cataract surgery combined with intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide.

Purpose: To evaluate whether the addition of cataract surgery to an intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide markedly increases frequency and spectrum of complications.

Methods: The comparative nonrandomized clinical interventional investigation included a study group of 60 eyes (56 patients) undergoing cataract surgery and additionally receiving an intravitreal injection of about 20 mg of triamcinolone acetonide and a triamcinolone control group of 290 eyes (262 patients) that consecutively received an intravitreal injection of about 20 mg triamcinolone acetonide without cataract surgery. Reasons for intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide were exudative age-related macular degeneration (n=228; 65%), diffuse diabetic macular edema (n=94; 27%), central retinal vein occlusion (n=17; 5%), and branch retinal vein occlusion (n=11; 3%).

Central corneal thickness correlated with glaucoma damage and rate of progression.

Purpose: To evaluate whether the amount of glaucomatous optic nerve damage at presentation of the patient and the rate of progression of glaucoma during follow-up are related to central corneal thickness.

Methods: The prospective observational clinical study included 861 eyes of 454 white subjects (239 normal eyes of 121 subjects, 250 ocular hypertensive eyes of 118 patients, 372 eyes of 215 patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma). For 567 eyes (304 patients) with ocular hypertension or chronic open-angle glaucoma, follow-up examinations were performed, with a mean follow-up time of 62.

Optic nerve damage in highly myopic eyes with chronic open-angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To compare the amount of optic nerve damage in relation to intraocular pressure in highly myopic eyes with chronic open-angle glaucoma versus non-highly myopic eyes with chronic open-angle glaucoma.

Methods: The comparative clinical observational study included 1841 eyes of 1100 patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma. The highly myopic study group consisted of 25 eyes with a myopic refractive error equal to or higher than -8 diopters.

Optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning laser tomography for assessment of macular edema.

Purpose: To compare optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal scanning laser tomography (cSLT) for quantitative retinal thickness mapping of the macula and their ability to detect macular edema.

Design: Prospective, comparative, clinical observational study.

Methods: The study population of 138 eyes (97 patients) was divided into a study group consisting of 45 (32.

Predictive factors of the optic nerve head for development or progression of glaucomatous visual field loss.

Purpose: To evaluate which morphologic features of the optic disc are predictive factors for the development or progression of visual field loss in chronic open-angle glaucoma.

Methods: The prospective observational clinical study included 763 eyes of 416 white subjects with ocular hypertension and chronic open-angle glaucoma. During the follow-up time (mean, 67.

[Follow-up examination of eyes with chronic open-angle glaucoma and optic disc hemorrhages].

Purpose: To evaluate the frequency of neuroretinal rim loss in glaucomatous eyes with ophthalmoscopically detected optic disc hemorrhages.

Methods: The prospective comparative clinical observational study included 78 eyes from 69 Caucasian patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma and a flame-shaped optic disc hemorrhage at the time of presentation, and 386 eyes from 252 patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma without disc hemorrhages. All patients underwent repeated qualitative and morphometric evaluation of color stereo optic disc photographs.

The optic disc hemifield test.

Purpose: To evaluate whether an optic disc hemifield test comparing the superior half of the optic disc with the inferior disc half is useful for glaucoma diagnosis.

Methods: The clinical observational study included 1268 patients with primary or secondary open-angle glaucoma and 649 normal subjects. The glaucoma group was divided into 1118 patients with glaucomatous visual field defects ("perimetric glaucoma"), and 150 patients with optic nerve head changes and normal visual fields ("preperimetric glaucoma").