Elucidating the alcohol-sleep-hangover relationship in college students using a daily diary approach.

This daily diary study expands knowledge of the pharmacological alcohol-sleep relationship using a multilevel modeling approach. The interplay between alcohol and sleep on hangover susceptibility is also explored. College students (n = 337; 52 % female) provided 2976 days of self-reported alcohol use.

Development and validation of a prognostic model to predict relapse in adults with remitted depression in primary care: secondary analysis of pooled individual participant data from multiple studies.

Background: Relapse of depression is common and contributes to the overall associated morbidity and burden. We lack evidence-based tools to estimate an individual's risk of relapse after treatment in primary care, which may help us more effectively target relapse prevention.

Objective: The objective was to develop and validate a prognostic model to predict risk of relapse of depression in primary care.

Bidirectional changes in depressive symptoms and social functioning in older adults attending psychological therapy services.

Background: Impairments in the ability to carry out social activities commonly co-occur alongside depression. Improving social functioning is often overlooked in treatment. This is despite the high value placed by patients on social functioning and the potential for interventions focused on social functioning to have additional benefits in reducing depressive symptoms.

Effectiveness of psychological therapies for depression and anxiety in atypical dementia.

Introduction: People with dementia may benefit from psychological therapies for depression or anxiety, but evidence of their effectiveness in atypical dementia is limited.

Methods: Using electronic health-care records of > 2 million people who attended psychological therapy services in England between 2012 and 2019, we examined pre-post therapy symptom changes and compared therapy outcomes among 523 people with atypical dementia, a matched cohort without dementia, and 1157 people with typical dementia.

Results: People with atypical dementia experienced reductions in depression (Cohen d = -0.

Exploring perspectives on how to improve psychological treatment for women from minoritised ethnic communities: A qualitative study with service users.

Background: Women are disproportionately impacted by depression and anxiety disorders and in particular, women from minoritised ethnic communities experience inequalities in access to outcomes of psychological treatment for these disorders. Better understanding from the views of service users about the factors that impact their access to, and experiences of care could help to optimise treatment for these groups.

Method: This study explored experiences of treatment and gathered suggestions about treatment improvement, from the perspectives of women currently using psychological therapy services.

Identifying trajectories of change in sleep disturbance during psychological treatment for depression.

Background: Sleep disturbance may impact response to psychological treatment for depression. Understanding how sleep disturbance changes during the course of psychological treatment, and identifying the risk factors for sleep disturbance response may inform clinical decision-making.

Method: This analysis included 18,915 patients receiving high-intensity psychological therapy for depression from one of eight London-based Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) services between 2011 and 2020.

Diagnosis of common health conditions among autistic adults in the UK: evidence from a matched cohort study.

Background: Autistic people are disproportionately likely to experience premature mortality and most mental and physical health conditions. We measured the incidence of diagnosed conditions accounting for the most disability-adjusted life years in the UK population according to the Global Burden of Disease study (anxiety, depression, self-harm, harmful alcohol use, substance use, migraine, neck or back pain, and gynaecological conditions).

Methods: Participants were aged 18 years or above and had an autism diagnosis recorded in the IQVIA Medical Research Database between 01/01/2000 and 16/01/2019.

An investigation into the morphological variation and ecological-environmental range of Cyphoderia compressa: A case study of Scottish material.

Cyphoderia compressa has only been described from supralittoral environments, as a psammobiont, with salinities from 1.33 to 36.00 ‰.

Predicting post-treatment symptom severity for adults receiving psychological therapy in routine care for generalised anxiety disorder: a machine learning approach.

Approximately half of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) patients do not recover from first-line treatments, and no validated prediction models exist to inform individuals or clinicians of potential treatment benefits. This study aimed to develop and validate an accurate and explainable prediction model of post-treatment GAD symptom severity. Data from adults receiving treatment for GAD in eight Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) services (n=15,859) were separated into training, validation and holdout datasets.

Long-term depressive symptom trajectories and related baseline characteristics in primary care patients: Analysis of the PsicAP clinical trial.

Background: There is heterogeneity in the long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms among patients. To date, there has been little effort to inform the long-term trajectory of symptom change and the factors associated with different trajectories. Such knowledge is key to treatment decision-making in primary care, where depression is a common reason for consultation.

Variation in symptoms of common mental disorders in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal cohort study.

Background: A significant rise in mental health disorders was expected during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, referrals to mental health services dropped for several months before rising to pre-pandemic levels.

Aims: To identify trajectories of incidence and risk factors for common mental disorders among the general population during 14 months of the COVID-19 pandemic, to inform potential mental health service needs.

Predictors of primary care psychological therapy outcomes for depression and anxiety in people living with dementia: evidence from national healthcare records in England.

Background: Psychological therapies can be effective in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety in people living with dementia (PLWD). However, factors associated with better therapy outcomes in PLWD are currently unknown.

Aims: To investigate whether dementia-specific and non-dementia-specific factors are associated with therapy outcomes in PLWD.

Differences in psychological treatment outcomes by ethnicity and gender: an analysis of individual patient data.

Purpose: There are discrepancies in mental health treatment outcomes between ethnic groups, which may differ between genders. NHS Talking Therapies for anxiety and depression provide evidence-based psychological therapies for common mental disorders. This study examines the intersection between ethnicity and gender as factors associated with psychological treatment outcomes.

Estimating life expectancy and years of life lost for autistic people in the UK: a matched cohort study.

Background: Previous research has shown that people who have been diagnosed autistic are more likely to die prematurely than the general population. However, statistics on premature mortality in autistic people have often been misinterpreted. In this study we aimed to estimate the life expectancy and years of life lost experienced by autistic people living in the UK.

Dose-dependent Relationships of Same-day and Typical Substance Use to Sleep Duration in College Cannabis and Alcohol Users: A Multilevel Modeling Approach Using Daily Diary Data.

This study characterized how quantities of cannabis and alcohol use affect sleep. Single-day and typical cannabis and alcohol use patterns were considered to assess acute-chronic use interactions. Linear and non-linear associations assessed dose-dependence.

Measurement invariance and differential item functioning of the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 between working age and older adults seeking treatment for common mental disorders.

Background: The nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and seven-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale are widely used clinically and within research, and so it is important to determine how the measures, and individual items within the measures, are answered by adults of differing ages. This study sought to evaluate measurement invariance and differential item functioning (DIF) of the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 between working age and older adults seeking routine psychological treatment.

Methods: Data of working age (18-64 years old) and older (≥65) adults in eight Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) services were used.

Effectiveness of primary care psychological therapy services for treating depression and anxiety in autistic adults in England: a retrospective, matched, observational cohort study of national health-care records.

Background: Autistic adults report a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression than adults without identified autism but have poorer access to appropriate mental health care. Evidence-based psychological therapies are recommended in treatment guidelines for autistic adults, but no study has investigated their effectiveness in large samples representative of the autistic population accessing routine care. This study aimed to examine therapy outcomes for autistic adults in a primary care service.

Implementing peer support in higher education: A feasibility study.

Background: When experiencing mental distress, many university students seek support from their peers. In schools and mental health services, formalised peer support interventions have demonstrated some success but implementation challenges have been reported. This study aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability and safety of a novel manualized peer support intervention and associated data collection processes.

The Role of Meeting Exercise and Nutrition Guidelines on Sleep during Pregnancy.

Sleep disturbances are common during pregnancy. This study determined whether meeting physical activity or dietary guidelines during pregnancy was associated with improved sleep. Third trimester pregnant women (n = 49, 31.

Understanding the psychological therapy treatment outcomes for young adults who are not in education, employment, or training (NEET), moderators of outcomes, and what might be done to improve them.

Background: To determine: whether young adults (aged 18-24) not in education, employment or training (NEET) have different psychological treatment outcomes to other young adults; any socio-demographic or treatment-related moderators of differential outcomes; and whether service-level changes are associated with better outcomes for those who are NEET.

Methods: A cohort was formed of 20 293 young adults treated with psychological therapies in eight Improving Access to Psychological Therapies services. Pre-treatment characteristics, outcomes, and moderators of differential outcomes were compared for those who were and were not NEET.

Interactions of hydrology, geochemistry, and biodiversity in woodland ponds located in riverine floodplains: case study from Scotland.

The Gore Glen pond is located in the forested floodplain of the Gore River, in the Mid-Lothian region near Edinburgh, Scotland. This work has considered in detail the hydrology, hydrochemistry, and biodiversity of the pond together with all their interactions and in addition interactions with the adjacent Gore River. It is important as it is one of few studies considering all these issues for a pond located in a riverine floodplain.

A service evaluation of phased- and stepped-care psychological support for health and social care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionally affected the mental health of health and social care workers (HSCWs), with many experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychological interventions have been offered via mental health services and in-house psychology teams, but their effectiveness in this context is not well documented.

Aims: To evaluate a stepped-care psychological support pathway for HSCWs from Homerton Healthcare Foundation Trust in London, which offered psychological first aid, evidence-based psychological therapies and group-based well-being workshops.