Klebsiella pneumoniae Complex-Associated Peritonitis, Lymphadenitis, and Pyelonephritis in Juvenile Raccoons (Procyon lotor) under Rehabilitator Care in New York, New Jersey, and Wisconsin, USA.

Klebsiella spp. are gram-negative facultative anaerobic heavily encapsulated bacteria associated with opportunistic and primary infections in a wide range of species. We assessed a series of cases (n=8) of necrosuppurative peritonitis, lymphadenitis, and/or pyelonephritis in wild juvenile raccoons (Procyon lotor) that died under rehabilitator care in New York, New Jersey, and Wisconsin, US, between July 2020 and December 2023, plus a retrospective case of a juvenile raccoon necropsied from New York in August 2011.

Cutaneous Lesions in the Gular Region Caused by Feather Follicle Infestation with Harpirhynchidae sp. Mites in Great Crested Flycatchers (Myiarchus crinitus) in New York, USA, 2016-23.

Great Crested Flycatchers (Myiarchus crinitus), migratory passerines with a breeding range throughout the northeastern, midwestern, and southern US, are banded annually at the Braddock Bay Bird Observatory located on the southern shore of Lake Ontario, New York, USA. In 2016, a Great Crested Flycatcher was observed with distinct lesions in the gular and ventral neck region, which prompted evaluation for similar lesions in subsequently trapped flycatchers and other passerine species. From 2016 to 2023, 62/102 banded Great Crested Flycatchers had their gular region examined, and seven were found to have lesions (11.

Infection and tissue distribution of highly pathogenic avian influenza A type H5N1 (clade 2.3.4.4b) in red fox kits ().

Avian influenza H5N1 is a highly pathogenic virus that primarily affects birds. However, it can also infect other animal species, including mammals. We report the infection of nine juvenile red foxes () with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A type H5N1 (Clade 2.

Pharmacokinetics of zonisamide after oral single dosing and multiple-dose escalation administration in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus).

Background: There are few effective drugs for treatment of seizures in avian species.

Objectives: To investigate the pharmacokinetics and safety of zonisamide in chickens.

Methods: Phase 1: chickens (n = 4) received a single oral dose of zonisamide at 20 mg/kg.

A NOVEL ORTHOREOVIRUS ASSOCIATED WITH EPIZOOTIC NECROTIZING ENTERITIS AND SPLENIC NECROSIS IN AMERICAN CROWS ().

Epizootic mortalities in American Crows () during the winter months, referred to as winter mortality of crows, have been recorded in North America for almost two decades. The most common postmortem findings include necrotizing enteritis, colitis, and fibrinous splenic necrosis. These findings are proposed to be due to infection with a sp.

Oral Capillariosis Due to in Migrating Sharp-shinned Hawks () in New York, USA, 2016-18.

Oral lesions focused around the oral commissures were documented in several Sharp-shinned Hawks () in the 2016-18 spring migration season at a banding station located on the southern shore of Lake Ontario, New York, US. Samples of the inflamed and caseous lesions repeatedly tested negative for and poxvirus; however, large numbers of capillariid eggs and embedded worms were consistently present. Morphologically, the nematodes were identified as , which was confirmed by PCR and genetic sequencing.

Eastern equine encephalitis in puppies in Michigan and New York states.

Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is classified as a select agent and is capable of causing mortality in humans and a number of veterinary species. Herein, we describe 3 cases of EEE in puppies in Michigan and New York. Two puppies were euthanized following an acute history of seizures and obtundation.

Infertility associated with the absence of endometrial progesterone receptors in a bitch.

A three-year-old intact female Old English sheepdog was presented for evaluation of infertility. A uterine biopsy was performed during dioestrus, and the microscopic appearance was inconsistent with progesterone stimulation; the glands were sparse, simple and failed to show coiling, while the glandular epithelium was cuboidal instead of columnar. There was very little evidence of glandular activity.

Differential Gene Expression Profiles and Selected Cytokine Protein Analysis of Mediastinal Lymph Nodes of Horses with Chronic Recurrent Airway Obstruction (RAO) Support an Interleukin-17 Immune Response.

Recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is a pulmonary inflammatory condition that afflicts certain mature horses exposed to organic dust particulates in hay. Its clinical and pathological features, manifested by reversible bronchoconstriction, excessive mucus production and airway neutrophilia, resemble the pulmonary alterations that occur in agricultural workers with occupational asthma. The immunological basis of RAO remains uncertain although its chronicity, its localization to a mucosal surface and its domination by a neutrophilic, non-septic inflammatory response, suggest involvement of Interleukin-17 (IL-17).

Signature-tagged mutagenesis and co-infection studies demonstrate the importance of P fimbriae in a murine model of urinary tract infection.

Escherichia coli is the leading cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs), one of the most common infections in humans. P fimbria was arguably the first proposed virulence factor for uropathogenic E. coli, based on the capacity of E.

Identification of a novel nidovirus in an outbreak of fatal respiratory disease in ball pythons (Python regius).

Background: Respiratory infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality in reptiles; however, the causative agents are only infrequently identified.

Findings: Pneumonia, tracheitis and esophagitis were reported in a collection of ball pythons (Python regius). Eight of 12 snakes had evidence of bacterial pneumonia.

Identification of speckle-type POZ protein somatic mutations in African American prostate cancer.

The speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP) is a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer (PCa). SPOP somatic mutations have been reported in up to 15% of PCa of those of European descent. However, the genetic roles of SPOP in African American (AA)-PCa are currently unknown.

Androgen receptor mutations and polymorphisms in African American prostate cancer.

The Androgen receptor (AR) plays a central role in the normal development of the prostate gland, in prostate carcinogenesis, and in the progression of prostate cancer (PCa) to advanced metastatic disease. African American (AA) men with PCa present with higher tumor volume, more advanced tumor stage, and higher Gleason score. This could be in part related to the AR expression or activity in the prostate tissue of AA men, or to unique mutations or polymorphisms of the AR.

Metastatic pancreatic carcinoma and bronchioloalveolar adenomas in an Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus).

An adult female, intact Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) was presented for lethargy, anorexia, and markedly reduced flying activity. Physical and ultrasound examinations were suggestive of an abdominal mass with free fluid within the abdomen. Based on the poor and deteriorating clinical condition of the animal, euthanasia was elected.

B-cell multicentric lymphoma as a probable cause of abortion in a Quarter horse broodmare.

A 5-year-old Quarter horse broodmare was evaluated for inappetence, depression, and diarrhea 13 days after aborting a 9-month gestation fetus. Clinical and laboratory examination ruled out uterine rupture and peritonitis. Ultrasonography of the uterus combined with cytological analysis of peritoneal fluid suggested the existence of diffuse lymphoma.

Importance of differential expression of Marek's disease virus gene pp38 for the pathogenesis of Marek's disease.

The role of pp38 in the pathogenesis of Marek's disease (MD) has not been fully elucidated. Previously, we reported the presence of two splice variants (Spl A and Spl B) for pp38. We also reported that the wild-type pp38 (WT), as well as the mutated pp38 (MUT), altered the oxidative phosphorylation pathway in infected cells.

Aberrant DNA methylation and prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer, a significant contributor to morbidity and a leading cause of cancer-related death in men in Western industrialized countries. In contrast to genetic changes that vary among individual cases, somatic epigenetic alterations are early and highly consistent events. Epigenetics encompasses several different phenomena, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, RNA interference, and genomic imprinting.

Expression of the C-type lectins DC-SIGN or L-SIGN alters host cell susceptibility for the avian coronavirus, infectious bronchitis virus.

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), an avian coronavirus, is a cause of great economic loss in the poultry industry. The virus mainly infects respiratory epithelium, but can be also detected in other organs. The functional receptor for the virus has not been found and field strains of IBV do not infect conventional cell lines.

Oral contraceptives decrease the prevalence of ovarian cancer in the hen.

Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of reproductive cancer death in U.S. women.

Recovery of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) from natural infection with Geomyces destructans, white-nose syndrome.

Geomyces destructans produces the white fungal growth on the muzzle and the tacky white discoloration on wings and ears that characterize white-nose syndrome (WNS) in cave-hibernating bats. To test the hypothesis that postemergent WNS-infected bats recover from infection with G. destructans, 30 little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) were collected in May 2009 from a WNS-affected hibernation site in New Jersey.

Histopathological and immunohistochemical study of air sac lesions induced by two strains of infectious bronchitis virus.

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a highly contagious respiratory coronavirus of domestic chickens. Although mortality is low, infection with IBV results in substantial losses for the egg and meat chicken industries. Despite the economic importance of IBV and decades of research into the pathogenesis of infection, significant gaps in our knowledge exist.

Characterization of the host response in systemic isosporosis (atoxoplasmosis) in a colony of captive American goldfinches (Spinus tristis) and house sparrows (Passer domesticus).

Systemic isosporosis, also known as atoxoplasmosis, is a common parasitic disease of passerines. Infection is thought to be endemic in wild birds with fulminant, fatal disease occurring under the influence of stress, concurrent infections, or immunosuppression. Here, we describe the histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of the cellular infiltrate occurring in captive colonies of American goldfinches and house sparrows.