The influence of care continuity and disclosure of sexual orientation in general practice on lesbian, bi+ and queer cisgender women's engagement with mental health services.

Background: Lesbian, bisexual+ and queer (LBQ+) cisgender women have considerable unmet mental health needs. The aims of this study were to examine LBQ+ cisgender women's prior engagement with general practitioners (GPs), and how this relationship shaped their mental health service use.

Method: Data from 2707 cisgender LBQ+ women were drawn from a national survey of adults who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, intersex, queer or questioning, asexual and other diverse sexuality and gender identities (LGBTIQA+) in Australia.

Women's perspectives of direct pharmacy access to oral contraception.

Background: Most oral contraception options require a doctor's prescription in Australia; however, there are many models of direct pharmacy access that have been successfully implemented internationally. Despite these advancements, the most preferable OTC model for consumers is yet to be explored in the international literature, and no prior studies have determined the potential benefits of implementation in Australia. The aim of this study was to explore women's perspectives and preferences for models of direct pharmacy access to oral contraceptive pills (OCPs).

Online platforms for prescription and supply of hormonal contraception in Australia: a mapping review.

Online platforms have emerged as a convenient way for individuals to access contraception. However, the extent to which such services exist in Australia and how they operate is currently unknown. We aimed to identify Australian online contraception platforms and evaluate the services they provide to determine the degree to which they may facilitate equitable access to contraception.

Improving access to quality contraceptive counselling in community pharmacy: examining the knowledge, attitudes and practices of community pharmacists in Australia.

Background: Across most of Australia, the role of community pharmacists in contraceptive care has been unchanged since 2004. To understand their current scope of practice and potential for practice advancements, we examined community pharmacists' contraceptive knowledge and their attitudes, practices and perceived barriers to and benefits of contraceptive counselling provision.

Methods: A nationwide postal survey was conducted between September and December 2020.

Can an online educational video broaden young women's contraceptive choice? Outcomes of the PREFER pre-post intervention study.

Introduction: Contraceptive knowledge mediates access and use. We aimed to assess whether an online educational video describing all methods and their benefits, side effects and mode of action increased young women's contraceptive knowledge and their long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) preference and uptake.

Method: We used Facebook advertising to recruit young women aged 16-25 years.

Acceptability of immediate postpartum and post-abortion long-acting reversible contraception provision to adolescents: A systematic review.

Introduction: Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) methods are safe for adolescents and provide the greatest assurance against rapid repeated pregnancy when inserted during the immediate postpartum (IPP) and immediate post-abortion (IPA) period. Despite increasing enthusiasm for IPP/IPA LARC insertion, adolescents' preferences and experiences have seldom been examined. The objective of this review was to examine the attitudes of adolescents (aged 10-19 years) towards IPP/IPA LARC, their experiences and perceptions around having an LARC device fitted IPP/IPA and the factors involved in decision-making to use, not use or discontinue IPP/IPA LARC.

Pharmacy-based initiatives to reduce unintended pregnancies: A scoping review.

Background: Community pharmacy contraception services are thought to improve access, with the potential to reduce the persistent sexual and reproductive health inequities observed globally.

Objectives: We aimed to identify the range of pharmacy-based initiatives addressing unintended pregnancy in the primary literature and examine their feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness.

Method: Using the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodology for Scoping Reviews, we searched seven bibliographic databases using combinations of keywords and subject headings for related to contraception and community pharmacy.

Scoping review of pharmacy-based initiatives for preventing unintended pregnancy: protocol.

Introduction: Due to a high global incidence of unintended pregnancy, finding novel ways to increase the accessibility of contraceptive products and information is critical. One proposed strategy is to use the accessibility of community pharmacies and expand the role of pharmacists to deliver these services. This protocol reports the methods of a proposed scoping review of pharmacy-based initiatives for preventing unintended pregnancy.

Early-phase resistance training strength gains in novice lifters are enhanced by doing static stretching.

This study investigated differences in lower-body strength improvements when using standard progressive resistance training (WT) vs. the same progressive resistance training combined with static stretching exercises (WT + ST). Thirty-two college students (16 women and 16 men) were pair matched according to sex and knee extension 1 repetition maximum (1RM).

Low energy ballasted flotation.

A novel process which involves the replacement or supplementation of bubbles in the dissolved air flotation process with low density beads is presented. The work comprised a series of bench-scale flotation trials treating three commonly encountered algal species (Microcystis, Melosira and Chlorella) that were removed in a flotation cell configured as either: conventional dissolved air flotation (DAF); ballasted flotation using low density 70 microm glass beads with a density of 100 kg m(-3); or a hybrid process of ballasted flotation combined with conventional DAF. Results indicated that the bead only system was capable of achieving better residual turbidity than standard DAF at bead concentrations of 500 mg L(-1).

Regional structure-function correlations in chronic obstructive lung disease measured with positron emission tomography.

Background: Positron emission tomography, performed with isotopes of very short half life, can be used to relate local lung tissue density to local ventilation and to the ventilation:perfusion ratio. This method has been used in 10 patients with severe chronic airflow obstruction and differing values for carbon monoxide transfer factor (TLCO) and transfer coefficient (KCO).

Methods: Ventilation (VA) and the ventilation:perfusion ratio (V/Q), lung density, and blood volume were measured regionally in a single transaxial section at mid-heart level with the patients in a supine position.

Radiologic insertion of Hickman catheters in HIV-positive patients: infectious complications.

Ninety-six patients undergoing radiologically guided placement of 104 Hickman catheters were grouped according to their human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serologic status. Infectious complications were categorized according to their severity (local or systemic) and time of occurrence (periprocedural or late). The number of infectious complications per 100 indwelling catheter days was calculated.

Cerebral blood flow, blood volume and oxygen utilization. Normal values and effect of age.

Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen extraction ratio (OER), oxygen utilization (CMRO2) and blood volume (CBV) were measured in a group of 34 healthy volunteers (age range 22-82 yrs) using the 15O steady-state inhalation method and positron emission tomography. Between subjects CBF correlated positively with CMRO2, although the interindividual variability of the measured values was large. OER was not dependent on CMRO2, but highly negatively correlated with CBF.

Quantification of regional V/Q ratios in humans by use of PET. II. Procedure and normal values.

Regional measurements of tissue isotope concentration, made using positron emission tomography (PET), allow tracer models to be used in a quantitative manner to provide topographic distributions of many structural and functional parameters, each derived for the same well-defined lung element. In this paper we describe a technique to measure regional ventilation-perfusion ratios (V/Q), in absolute units, by use of PET and the continuous intravenous infusion of an inert gas isotope, 13N, and report on measurements made in 12 normal subjects (4 smokers). Data were obtained from a single lung section (slice thickness, 1.

Measurement of regional cerebral pH in human subjects using continuous inhalation of 11CO2 and positron emission tomography.

The cerebral pH of four normal human subjects has been measured using continuous inhalation of 11CO2 and positron emission tomography (PET). 11CO2 was administered to each subject at a constant rate for 15 min, during which time serial arterial plasma 11C levels were determined and serial 11C cerebral uptake PET scans were performed at a fixed axial tomographic level. 11C uptake kinetics were analysed using a three-compartment model.

Study of regional cerebral metabolism and blood flow relationships in man using the method of continuously inhaling oxygen-15 and oxygen-15 labelled carbon dioxide.

A new technique for assessing regional oxygen use and blood flow has been applied to a wide range of neurological patients. The method couples the brain's high metabolic demand for oxygen with a shortlived radioactive form of this metabolite, namely oxygen-15 (half life: 2.1 min).

Distribution of extravascular fluid volumes in isolated perfused lungs measured with H215O.

The distributions per unit volume of extravascular water (EVLW), blood volume, and blood flow were measured in isolated perfused vertical dog lungs. A steady-state tracer technique was employed using oxygen-15, carbon-11, and nitrogen-13 isotopes and external scintillation counting of the 511-KeV annihilation radiation common to all three radionuclides. EVLW, and blood volume and flow increased from apex to base in all preparations, but the gradient of increasing flow exceeded that for blood and EVLW volumes.

An experimental evaluation of alternative communication systems as used for medical diagnosis.

While the problem of providing adequate health care to remote populations has been widely recognized, little research has been undertaken to evaluate alternative systems designed to provide such care. An essential part of such a system is the communications link between the doctor and the community he is serving. Studying this two-way subsystem is the context of primary diagnosis and patient management, efficiency and effectiveness of color television, black and white television and hands-free telephone were compared with physical presence consultation.