Effectiveness of a home-based computerized cognitive training in Parkinson's disease: a pilot randomized cross-over study.

Introduction: Cognitive symptoms are common in Parkinson's Disease (PD), and digital interventions like telerehabilitation other an accessible way to manage these symptoms. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a Home-Based Computerized Cognitive Training (HB-CCT) program in individuals with PD using a pilot randomized cross-over design.

Methods: Twenty-five participants (mean age 69.

Explainable AI-Based Skin Cancer Detection Using CNN, Particle Swarm Optimization and Machine Learning.

Skin cancer is among the most prevalent cancers globally, emphasizing the need for early detection and accurate diagnosis to improve outcomes. Traditional diagnostic methods, based on visual examination, are subjective, time-intensive, and require specialized expertise. Current artificial intelligence (AI) approaches for skin cancer detection face challenges such as computational inefficiency, lack of interpretability, and reliance on standalone CNN architectures.

Factors affecting inflammatory changes in congenital lung malformations.

Aim Of The Study: Patients with congenital lung malformation (CLM) may present pulmonary inflammatory changes. However, little is known about the factors influencing local inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors that may affect inflammatory changes in CLM.

Clinicopathologic Features of Primary Immunodeficiency Monogenic Disease-related Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Focus on Gastrointestinal Histologic Features in IFIH1 Mutations.

Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) is a clinical term referring to IBD-like symptomatology arising in children younger than 6 years. VEO-IBD may be due to polygenic etiology in "pure" IBD (Crohn disease-CD and ulcerative colitis-UC), or it may be caused by primary immunodeficiency underlined by monogenic disease. Primary immunodeficiency monogenic diseases have a Mendelian inheritance and affect the immune system with multiorgan morbidity and possible effects on the gastrointestinal system.

Long-term outcome and prognosis of mixed histiocytosis (Erdheim-Chester disease and Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis).

Background: Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare histiocytosis that may overlap with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH). This "mixed" entity is poorly characterized. We here investigated the clinical phenotype, outcome, and prognostic factors of a large cohort of patients with mixed ECD-LCH.

Corrigendum: Pediatric CNS tumors and 2021 WHO classification: what do oncologists need from pathologists?

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.

Corrigendum: Bevacizumab-Irinotecan combination therapy in recurrent low-grade glioma, previously treated with chemo-radiotherapy: a case report.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.

Outcome of Epilepsy Surgery in MRI-Negative Patients Without Histopathologic Abnormalities in the Resected Tissue.

Background And Objective: Patients with presumed nonlesional focal epilepsy-based on either MRI or histopathologic findings-have a lower success rate of epilepsy surgery compared with lesional patients. In this study, we aimed to characterize a large group of patients with focal epilepsy who underwent epilepsy surgery despite a normal MRI and had no lesion on histopathology. Determinants of their postoperative seizure outcomes were further studied.

Leat-associated seizures the possible role of EAAT2, pyruvate carboxylase and glutamine synthetase.

Background: Drug-resistant epilepsy is a common condition in patients with brain neoplasms. The pathogenesis of tumor-associated seizures is poorly understood. Among the possible pathogenetic mechanisms, the increase in glutamate concentration has been proposed.

External auditory canal ectopic atypical meningioma: A case report and brief literature review.

Meningiomas are tumours typically derived from the meningothelial cells of the arachnoid mater. They most often arise in intracranial, intraspinal, or orbital locations. Ectopic meningiomas, described as primary meningiomas with no intracranial involvement, are definitely unconventional.

Application of a pattern-based approach to histological diagnosis in very early onset IBD (VEO-IBD) in a multicentric cohort of children with emphasis on monogenic disease with IBD-like morphology.

Aims: Very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) is a clinical umbrella term referring to IBD-like symptoms arising in children before the age of 6 years, encompassing both 'pure' IBD, such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) and monogenic diseases (MDs), the latter often involving genes associated with primary immunodeficiencies. Moreover, histological features in gastrointestinal (GI) biopsies in MD can also have IBD-like morphology, making differential diagnosis difficult. Correct diagnosis is fundamental, as MDs show a more severe clinical course and their inadequate/untimely recognition leads to inappropriate therapy.

Bevacizumab-Irinotecan combination therapy in recurrent low-grade glioma, previously treated with chemo-radiotherapy: a case report.

Low grade gliomas (LGGs) of pineal region are usually difficult to remove and they frequently relapse or progress after front line chemotherapy. Bevacizumab-Irinotecan (BEVIRI) combination has been successfully attempted in children with recurrent LGGs, in most cases not previously irradiated. The efficacy of bevacizumab has also been described in radiation necrosis.

Brief report: pediatric high-grade gliomas treated with vinorelbine and valproic acid added to temozolomide.

Children and young adult with high grade gliomas (HGG) have dismal prognoses and treatment options remain limited. We present 19 patients diagnosed with anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) or glioblastoma (GBM) treated with concomitant and adjuvant 20-30 mg/m/dose of vinorelbine and 30 mg/kg/day valproic acid (VA) in combination to consolidated TMZ and focal RT after maximal surgery. We evaluated the feasibility of treating children diagnosed with HGG.

Childhood-onset Erdheim-Chester disease in the molecular era: clinical phenotypes and long-term outcomes of 21 patients.

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare histiocytic disorder that can present as a localized infiltration of foamy histiocytes or a multisystem disease that may be life-threatening. It is extremely rare in children. Pegoraro and colleagues present the clinical and molecular features of 21 patients with pediatric ECD through a large international collaboration, documenting that it resembles its adult counterpart, with similar molecular features and responses to agents targeting BRAF and MEK.

Intradiaphragmatic pulmonary sequestrations: a surgical challenge. Case series.

Bronchopulmonary sequestrations (BPSs) are rare congenital anomalies characterized by non-functioning embryonic lung tissue receiving anomalous blood supply. They are most commonly located within the thorax (supradiaphragmatic) or into the abdominal cavity (infradiaphragmatic). Intradiaphragmatic extralobar BPs (IDEPS) are an exceptionally rare finding, representing a diagnostic and operative challenge.

SMARCE1-related meningiomas: A clear example of cancer predisposing syndrome.

We report the case of a 16-year-old girl presenting with spinal clear-cell multiple meningiomas (CCMs). In view of this presentation, we sequenced a bioinformatic panel of genes associated with susceptibility to meningioma, identifying a germline heterozygous variant in SMARCE1. Somatic DNA investigations in the CCM demonstrated the deletion of the wild-type allele (loss of heterozygosity, LOH), supporting the causative role of this variant.

Dysplasia and tumor discrimination in brain tissues by combined fluorescence, Raman, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopies.

Identification of neoplastic and dysplastic brain tissues is of paramount importance for improving the outcomes of neurosurgical procedures. This study explores the combined application of fluorescence, Raman and diffuse reflectance spectroscopies for the detection and classification of brain tumor and cortical dysplasia with a label-free modality. Multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate classification accuracies of these techniques-employed both in individual and multimodal configuration-obtaining high sensitivity and specificity.

Myxoid glioneuronal tumor: Histopathologic, neuroradiologic, and molecular features in a single center series.

Background: Myxoid glioneuronal tumor (MGT) is a benign glioneuronal neoplasm recently introduced in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of the central nervous system (CNS) tumors. MGTs are typically located in the septum pellucidum, foramen of Monro or periventricular white matter of the lateral ventricle. They were previously diagnosed as dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNT), showing histological features almost indistinguishable from classical cortical DNT.

The children's brain tumor network (CBTN) - Accelerating research in pediatric central nervous system tumors through collaboration and open science.

Pediatric brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related death in children in the United States and contribute a disproportionate number of potential years of life lost compared to adult cancers. Moreover, survivors frequently suffer long-term side effects, including secondary cancers. The Children's Brain Tumor Network (CBTN) is a multi-institutional international clinical research consortium created to advance therapeutic development through the collection and rapid distribution of biospecimens and data via open-science research platforms for real-time access and use by the global research community.

Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: a single institution retrospective analysis and a review of the literature.

Background:  Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare low-grade brain tumor. To date, limited studies have analyzed factors affecting survival outcomes and defined the therapeutic strategy. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of PXA and identify factors associated with outcomes.

Case Report: Congenital Perineal Lipoma Associated With Additional External Genitalia Anomalies.

Perineal lipoma is an uncommon congenital benign tumor sometimes associated with genitourinary or anorectal malformations. Accessory scrotum and accessory labioscrotal fold are infrequent features, often concurrent with perineal tumors. We describe a single institution experience with three consecutive cases of perineal lipoma associated with external genital anomalies, and a literature review.