Wtip is required for proepicardial organ specification and cardiac left/right asymmetry in zebrafish.

Wilm's tumor 1 interacting protein (Wtip) was identified as an interacting partner of Wilm's tumor protein (WT1) in a yeast two-hybrid screen. WT1 is expressed in the proepicardial organ (PE) of the heart, and mouse and zebrafish wt1 knockout models appear to lack the PE. Wtip's role in the heart remains unexplored.

Nephrin and Podocin functions are highly conserved between the zebrafish pronephros and mammalian metanephros.

The slit diaphragm (SD) is a highly specialized intercellular junction between podocyte foot processes and is crucial in the formation of the filtration barrier in the renal glomeruli. Zebrafish Nephrin and Podocin are important in the formation of the podocyte SD and mutations in NEPHRIN and PODOCIN genes cause human nephrotic syndrome. In the present study, the zebrafish Podocin protein was observed to be predominantly localized in the pronephric glomerular podocytes, as previously reported for Nephrin.

A protocol for adult somatic cell nuclear transfer in medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) with a high rate of viable clone formation.

Previously, we successfully generated fully grown, cloned medaka (the Japanese rice fish, Oryzias latipes) using donor nuclei from primary culture cells of adult caudal fin tissue and nonenucleated recipient eggs that were heat shock-treated to induce diploidization of the nuclei. However, the mechanism of clone formation using this method is unknown, and the rate of adult clone formation is not high enough for studies in basic and applied sciences. To gain insight into the mechanism and increase the success rate of this method of clone formation, we tested two distinct nuclear transfer protocols.

Wtip and Vangl2 are required for mitotic spindle orientation and cloaca morphogenesis.

Defects in cilia and basal bodies function are linked to ciliopathies, which result in kidney cyst formation. Recently, cell division defects have been observed in cystic kidneys, but the underlying mechanisms of such defects remain unclear. Wtip is an LIM domain protein of the Ajuba/Zyxin family, but its role in ciliogenesis during embryonic development has not been previously described.

A comparative analysis of glomerulus development in the pronephros of medaka and zebrafish.

The glomerulus of the vertebrate kidney links the vasculature to the excretory system and produces the primary urine. It is a component of every single nephron in the complex mammalian metanephros and also in the primitive pronephros of fish and amphibian larvae. This systematic work highlights the benefits of using teleost models to understand the pronephric glomerulus development.

Nuclear transfer of embryonic cell nuclei to non-enucleated eggs in zebrafish, Danio rerio.

We previously established a novel method for nuclear transfer in medaka (Oryzias latipes) using non-enucleated, diploidized eggs as recipients for adult somatic cell nuclei. Here we report the first attempt to apply this method to another fish species. To examine suitability of using non-enucleated eggs as recipients for nuclear transfer in the zebrafish (Danio rerio), we transferred blastula cell nuclei from a wild-type donor strain to non-enucleated, unfertilized eggs from a golden recipient strain.

Nde1-mediated inhibition of ciliogenesis affects cell cycle re-entry.

The primary cilium is an antenna-like organelle that is dynamically regulated during the cell cycle. Ciliogenesis is initiated as cells enter quiescence, whereas resorption of the cilium precedes mitosis. The mechanisms coordinating ciliogenesis with the cell cycle are unknown.

A polycystin-2 (TRPP2) dimerization domain essential for the function of heteromeric polycystin complexes.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused by mutations in two genes, PKD1 and PKD2, which encode polycystin-1 (PC1) and polycystin-2 (PC2), respectively. Earlier work has shown that PC1 and PC2 assemble into a polycystin complex implicated in kidney morphogenesis. PC2 also assembles into homomers of uncertain functional significance.

Nuclear transplants from adult somatic cells generated by a novel method using diploidized eggs as recipients in medaka fish (Oryzias latipes).

We previously reported the generation of fertile diploid adult fish with a donor marker by transfer of adult somatic cell nuclei to recipient diploidized eggs without enucleation in medaka (Oryzias latipes). Although transplants appeared similar to clones of donor fish, the possibility existed that they were chimeras of cells originating from both the donor and recipient nuclei. To clarify the nuclear origin of transplants, the green fluorescent protein gene (GFP) was used as the recipient marker and the DMY/dmrt1bY gene, which directs male differentiation in medaka, was used as the donor marker.

Diploidized eggs reprogram adult somatic cell nuclei to pluripotency in nuclear transfer in medaka fish (Oryzias latipes).

Reprogramming of adult somatic cell nuclei to pluripotency has been unsuccessful in non-mammalian animals, primarily because of chromosomal aberrations in nuclear transplants, which are considered to be caused by asynchrony between the cell cycles of the recipient egg and donor nucleus. In order to normalize the chromosomal status, we used diploidized eggs by retention of second polar body release, instead of enucleated eggs, as recipients in nuclear transfer of primary culture cells from the caudal fin of adult green fluorescent protein gene (GFP) transgenic medaka fish (Oryzias latipes). We found that 2.

Generation of fertile and diploid fish, medaka (Oryzias latipes), from nuclear transplantation of blastula and four-somite-stage embryonic cells into nonenucleated unfertilized eggs.

In two experimental series of transplantation of embryonic cell nuclei into nonenucleated unfertilized eggs in medaka (Oryzias latipes), fertile and diploid nuclear transplants were successfully generated. In the first experiment, nuclei from blastula cells of a medaka stock with the wild-type body color were transplanted into 1722 eggs from the orange-red variety. Of 26 adult nuclear transplants with the wild-type body color, 22 were, as expected, triploid and sterile, but the other four were fertile.

[Induction of MGE 412 transposition in an isogenic strain of Drosophila melanogaster by different doses of ethanol fumes].

The effect of treatment of males from an isogenic Drosophila melanogaster strain by limiting doses of ethanol fumes on transpositions of MGE 412 was examined. Validity of the phenomenon of transposition induction was demonstrated. We estimated rates of induced transposition (approximately 10(-2) events per site, per sperm, per generation versus < 10(-3) in control) and showed dose dependence of the rate on the exposure time of the males to ethanol fumes.

[Induction of MGE 412 transposition individually by heat and cold shock in spermatogenesis in Drosophila males].

Effects of temperature treatment (heavy heat shock, HHS; heat shock, HS; and cold shock, CS) on the daily productivity of treated males in different spermatogenesis stages have been studied in isogenic line 51 of Drosophila melanogaster. The average productivity was shown to substantially decrease in all cases. The sum of the HS and CS contributions to this decrease was nearly equal to the HHS (the combined HS and CS) contribution, i.

[Prolongation of MGE 412 transposition induction after gamma-irradiation in an isogenic line of Drosophila melanogaster]].

The dose dependence of the rate of gamma-induced transpositions and consequent dynamics of the MGE 412 pattern after gamma-irradiation were investigated in isogenic line 49 in generations F1, F12, F140, and F170. It was shown that the results on dose dependence of transpositions was very similar with the corresponding results of the classic works by Timofeeff-Ressovsky et al. (1935).

[Response of the MGE 412 pattern to truncation selection of a quantitative trait in an isogenic line of drosophila after severe heat shock (SHS)].

Positive and negative selection on the total length of two fragments of an interrupted longitudinal wing vein in an isogenic line of Drosophila melanogaster was accompanied by changes in the genomic localization pattern of MGE 412. Strong truncation selection was conducted in the population of effective size Ne = 160 for 50 generations. Twenty-six out of 35 polymorphic HHS-induced segments of MGE localization behaved as independent copies and markers, whereas 9 segments proved to be selective.

Heavy heat shock induced retrotransposon transposition in Drosophila.

The phenomenon of transposition induction by heavy heat shock (HHS) was studied. Males of a Drosophila isogenic line with a mutation in the major gene radius incompletus (ri) were treated by HHS (37 degrees C for 1 h followed by 4 degrees C for 1 h, with the cycle repeated three times) and crossed to untreated females of the same line. The males were crossed 5 d after heat shock, and also 9 d after HHS.

[Comparative contribution of different genetic factors in induction of MGE transpositions under isogenization].

Localization patterns of mobile genetic element 412 in polytene chromosomes of larvae from the control (riC) line, the balancer line, the F1 and F2 generations of the isogenization scheme, and 10 final isogenic lines were obtained and compared. The contributions of the recombination transfer of mobile genetic element copies from the balancer line, the outbreeding of control and balancer lines, and the inbreeding of isogenized lines to the rate of transposition were determined and estimated. These constituted < 0.

[New evidence for the induction of mobile genetic element transpositions by severe heat shock].

The induction of retrotransposon 412 transpositions by stress was studied in detail. Males of an isogenic line carrying the radius incompletus (ri) mutation of the Mendelian gene were exposed to heavy heat shock (HHS). The procedure consisted of treatment at 37 degrees C for 1 h and at 4 degrees C for 1 h, with reciprocal changes of developmental temperature 3 times, sequentially; the males were then crossed with untreated females.

[Population dynamics of the response of the genomic pattern of the mobile genetic element Dm412 in Drosophila on selection for a quantitative trait].

In an isogenic line of Drosophila melanogaster carrying the Mendelian mutation radius incompletus, selection for the total length of two segments of the disrupted longitudinal wing vein was conducted. After gamma-irradiation at a dose of 13 Gy, positive and negative truncation selection became highly effective and was completed in 50 generations. The pattern of mobile genetic element Dm412 was almost completely fixed in the course of selection.

[Stress induction of retrotransposon transposition in Drosophila: reality of the phenomenon, characteristic features, possible role in rapid evolution].

A polygenic system of expression of the quantitative character radius incompletus was shown to be sensitive to external and physiological stresses: heat shock, gamma-irradiation, isogenization, etc. This stress response involved mobilization of retrotransposons. Heavy heat shock induced transpositions of Dm412 and B104 in three and one isogenic lines, respectively.