Standardized Extract Inhibits PM-Induced Oxidative Stress by Regulating p62-KEAP1-NRF2 Signaling Pathway.

Background/aim: Fine particulate matter (PM) in air pollution causes skin damage through the induction of oxidative stress in the epidermis. Antioxidants help counteract cellular oxidant species and maintain cell homeostasis. This study aimed to examine the protective effect of standardized ethanolic extract of Thunbergia laurifolia leaves on PM-mediated oxidative stress in epidermal keratinocytes.