[Ultrasonography-guided therapeutic procedures in the neck region].

Background: Minimally invasive therapeutic procedures in medicine have become very popular because of the reduced risk compared to classic surgical treatment, speed of recovery, little or no side effects, and frequently lower cost. One of these methods is ultrasonography-guided percutaneous injection of 95% ethanol (PEIT, percutaneous ethanol injection therapy), which is especially suitable for the neck region. Other methods like laser photocoagulation (ILP) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are more aggressive and expensive.

Prevention and treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism: still a challenge for the nephrologist?

Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a well known complication of chronic renal insufficency. It is not only a state of increased parathyroid hormone secre-tion but also a state of parathyroid gland hyperplasia. Prevention and treatment of secondary hyperpara-thyroidism is a huge challenge for the nephrologist, despite new agents for the treatment of hyperphos-phataemia, new vitamin D analogues and calci-mimetics.

Lingual thyroid.

Lingual thyroid is one of the rarest anomalies of thyroid origin. It is located in the midline of the base of the tongue. Lingual thyroid répresents ectopic, i.

Prognostic indices for tumor relapse and tumor mortality in follicular thyroid carcinoma.

To establish an objective basis for therapeutic decisions and follow-up programs in patients with follicular thyroid cancer, the authors developed a prognostic scoring system. The prognostic impact of nine clinical, histologic, and therapeutic parameters was quantified retrospectively based on a multivariate analysis covering 149 patients. The relative relapse risk in follicular thyroid cancer (RR) was 6.

[Sclerotization of the parathyroid glands--description of a method].

The method of ultrasonically guided percutaneous 95% ethanol injection of enlarged parathyroid gland is presented. Treatment was performed on the patient who has been treated with chronic hemodialysis for eight years and developed the symptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidism and who has had one enlarged parathyroid gland detected with ultrasound and confirmed by cytology. One month later the symptoms subsided, the laboratory findings improved and ultrasound examination revealed the decreased volume of the parathyroid.