High-risk smoking in the United States: Nicotine staining predicts increased colonic adenomas and advanced adenomas on colonoscopy.

Background: Smoking is linked with numerous adverse health effects. Nicotine staining on fingers or teeth is thought to suggest active or heavy smoking. The significance of nicotine staining within gastroenterology remains unclear.

Potential Cost Savings in Medicare Part D Across Gastroenterology: An Assessment of Alternative Drug Sourcing.

Introduction: Until recently, the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid were restricted from negotiating drug cost. We assessed the potential impact of alternative drug sourcing models on Medicare Part D spending.

Methods: Twenty-seven drugs were extracted from 2021 Medicare Part D claims.

Factors Associated with Difficulty Maintaining Insufflation of the Colon During Endoscopy.

Background: Insufflation of the colon allows for adequate visualization of the mucosal tissue and advancement of the endoscope during colonoscopy. Most colonoscopies are performed with sedation to mitigate discomfort and enhance the colonoscopy experience for both the patient and the endoscopist.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate factors associated with difficulty maintaining insufflation.