A microtubule stabilizer ameliorates protein pathogenesis and neurodegeneration in mouse models of repetitive traumatic brain injury.

Tau pathogenesis is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the events leading to initial tau misfolding and subsequent tau spreading in patient brains are largely unknown, traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be a risk factor for tau-mediated neurodegeneration. Using a repetitive TBI (rTBI) paradigm, we report that rTBI induced somatic accumulation of phosphorylated and misfolded tau, as well as neurodegeneration across multiple brain areas in 7-month-old tau transgenic PS19 mice but not wild-type (WT) mice.

Factors Associated With Hospital Admissions and Readmissions in Patients With Gastroparesis Using the Nationwide Readmission Database.

Background: Gastroparesis can be associated with severe symptoms. Health care utilization for gastroparesis has increased in part due to an increase in hospital admissions.

Goals: To characterize patients admitted for gastroparesis-related symptoms and determine risk factors associated with 30-day readmissions.

Symptom variability throughout the day in patients with gastroparesis.

Background: Symptoms of gastroparesis (Gp) can fluctuate at different times of the day. Our aims are (1) To characterize Gp symptom variability throughout the day and in relation to meals and (2) to compare the daily symptom variability in subtypes of Gp-diabetic gastroparesis (DGp) and idiopathic gastroparesis (IGp).

Methods: Patients with Gp filled Patient Assessment of Gastrointestinal Symptoms (PAGI-SYM) and completed a modified GCSI-DD seven times a day (GCSI-Throughout the Day [GCSI-TTD]; before and after meals, and before going to bed) over a 2-week period.

Surgical Treatment for Refractory Gastroparesis: Stimulator, Pyloric Surgery, or Both?

Background: Several surgical options exist for refractory gastroparesis (Gp) including gastric electric stimulation (GES) and pyloric surgery (PS) such as pyloromyotomy or pyloroplasty. Few studies exist comparing the outcomes of these surgeries.

Aim: Compare the clinical outcomes of GES, PS, and simultaneous GES+PS for refractory Gp.

Gastric Electric Stimulation for Refractory Gastroparesis.

Objective: To outline the use and utility of gastric electric stimulation (GES) as a therapeutic intervention for gastroparesis.

Methods: Review of the literature.

Results: Gastroparesis is characterized by delayed gastric emptying, with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, early satiety, postprandial fullness, and abdominal pain.

De novo coronary artery disease in graves' disease. coincidence?

Hyperthyroidism is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular conditions. We report a case of a 50-year-old woman with no prior cardiac history who presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath, chest pain, lower extremity swelling, and generalized fatigue. She was found to have Graves' Disease (GD) and extensive coronary artery disease (CAD), suggesting the possibility of increased risk of de novo CAD in patients with GD in the absence of other risk factors.

Outcomes of surgical intervention for refractory gastroparesis: a systematic review.

Background: Gastroparesis (GP) is characterized by delayed gastric emptying with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, early satiety, postprandial fullness, and abdominal pain. Various surgical options exist to treat GP not responding to medical treatments (refractory GP), including gastric electric stimulation (GES), gastrectomy (GTx), and pyloric interventions (PI), whereas the outcomes of these procedures have been published; few comparison studies exist.

Methods: PubMed literature review for articles from September 1988 to October 2017 was performed for prospective and retrospective analyses reporting >5 patients.

The Dynamics and Turnover of Tau Aggregates in Cultured Cells: INSIGHTS INTO THERAPIES FOR TAUOPATHIES.

Filamentous tau aggregates, the hallmark lesions of Alzheimer disease (AD), play key roles in neurodegeneration. Activation of protein degradation systems has been proposed to be a potential strategy for removing pathological tau, but it remains unclear how effectively tau aggregates can be degraded by these systems. By applying our previously established cellular model system of AD-like tau aggregate induction using preformed tau fibrils, we demonstrate that tau aggregates induced in cells with regulated expression of full-length mutant tau can be gradually cleared when soluble tau expression is suppressed.