Publications by authors named "Bryan Stuart"

Article Synopsis
  • - Homalopsids, or Old World Mud Snakes, consist of 59 semiaquatic species across Asia and Australasia, showcasing various adaptations that make them important for evolutionary biology research.
  • - Recent studies have doubled the recognized diversity of rice paddy snakes (Hypsiscopus), particularly revealing distinct lineages on either side of the Red River Basin in Vietnam, indicating a significant biogeographic barrier.
  • - The study identified that populations west of the Red River Basin are a separate species called H. murphyi, while those to the east are linked to H. wettsteini, demonstrating the need for advanced methods in taxonomy to understand species evolution and distribution.
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The gekkonid lizard Cyrtodactylus intermedius was formerly considered to be a single widespread species in hilly areas across eastern Thailand through southern Vietnam but has recently been partitioned into a complex of 12 nominal species across its range. A population belonging to the C. intermedius group was recently found in an isolated limestone karst block in Kampot Province in southwestern Cambodia, part of which lies within the recently designated Phnom Preah Kuhear Loung Natural Heritage Site.

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The gekkonid lizard genus Hemiphyllodactylus contains small, secretive species that are often overlooked in their habitats. Recent molecular and morphological analyses have resulted in the descriptions of numerous new species of Hemiphyllodactylus in mainland Southeast Asia and southern China, many of which were historically hidden within the geographically widespread taxon H. yunnanensis (Boulenger, 1903).

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A new karst-dwelling bent-toed gecko of the group is described from Khlong Hat District, Sa Kaeo Province, eastern Thailand, based on an integrative taxonomic analysis of genetic data and morphological characteristics. Phylogenetic analyses using the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) gene revealed that topotypes of were sister to a clade containing from Cambodia, an unnamed lineage from Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve in Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand, and the Khlong Hat lineage described here as Multivariate analyses of morphometric and meristic characters showed that is morphologically distinct from all other species in the group by having the combination of SVL 76.5-82.

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Article Synopsis
  • In the 1960s, major laws like the Equal Pay and Civil Rights Acts aimed to combat employment discrimination against women, but early assessments found little change in the gender wage gap.
  • Researchers re-examined this narrative using data showing that federal legislation actually resulted in significant wage increases for women, particularly among those earning below the median wage.
  • While women's wages improved, companies responded by slowing down the hiring and promotion of women, indicating that the improvements came with complicated long-term consequences.
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Divergence dating analyses in systematics provide a framework to develop and test biogeographic hypotheses regarding speciation. However, as molecular datasets grow from multilocus to genomic, sample sizes decrease due to computational burdens, and the testing of fine-scale biogeographic hypotheses becomes difficult. In this study, we use coalescent demographic models to investigate the diversification of poorly known rice paddy snakes from Southeast Asia (Homalopsidae: Hypsiscopus), which have conflicting dates of origin based on previous studies.

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  • - Natural history museums hold important specimens, samples, and data that help us understand the natural world.
  • - A recent commentary discusses the need for more compassionate collection methods for specimens in these museums.
  • - It raises the question of whether it's feasible to entirely stop the collection of whole animal specimens in the future.
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DNA barcoding has greatly facilitated studies of taxonomy, biodiversity, biological conservation, and ecology. Here, we establish a reliable DNA barcoding library for Chinese snakes, unveiling hidden diversity with implications for taxonomy, and provide a standardized tool for conservation management. Our comprehensive study includes 1638 cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences from Chinese snakes that correspond to 17 families, 65 genera, 228 named species (80.

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is described from Si Sawat District, Kanchanaburi Province, in western Thailand. The new species superficially resembles Taylor, 1962 from southern Thailand. However, differences between the new species from and other congeners were supported by an integrative taxonomic analysis of molecular and morphological data.

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Two new insular rock geckos in the genus are described from Ko Samui in Surat Thani Province and Ko Similan in Phang-nga Province, southern Thailand, based on a combination of morphological and mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) data. Both new species represent divergent lineages within the species group. is distinguished from other species in the group by having eight or nine supralabial and infralabial scales; 5-8 pore-bearing precloacal scales in males, pores rounded; 25-27 paravertebral tubercles, arranged randomly; 22-25 subdigital lamellae under 4 toe; enlarged median subcaudal scale row present; gular region, abdomen, limbs and subcaudal region yellowish only in males, and uncorrected pairwise divergences of 8.

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  • A comprehensive assessment of reptile extinction risks reveals that 21.1% of reptile species, or 1,829 out of 10,196, are threatened, highlighting the urgent need for conservation strategies amidst global extinction crises.
  • Similar to other tetrapods like amphibians, mammals, and birds, reptiles face threats from agriculture, logging, urban development, and invasive species, with forest-dwelling reptiles being at a higher risk than those in arid environments.
  • Although some reptile species need immediate action for conservation, broader efforts targeting other tetrapods, such as habitat protection and managing invasive species, could also benefit many reptile species.
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  • - In the 1960s, significant legislation was enacted to address labor market discrimination against women in the United States, starting with the Equal Pay Act of 1963 which mandated equal pay for equal work.
  • - The Civil Rights Act of 1964 further strengthened anti-discrimination efforts by prohibiting sex-based discrimination in employment through Title VII.
  • - Amendments to the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) in 1961 and 1966 raised the minimum wage and expanded worker coverage, providing essential benefits to many women in low-earning industries like services and retail.
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This paper examines the short and longer-term economic effects of the 1966 Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) which increased the national minimum wage to its highest level of the 20th Century and extended coverage to an additional 9.1 million workers. Exploiting differences in the "bite" of the minimum wage due to regional variation in the standard of living and industry composition, this paper finds that the 1966 FLSA increased wages dramatically but reduced aggregate employment only modestly.

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Limnonectes liui (Yang, 1983) is a poorly known frog from Yunnan Province, China, with a confusing taxonomic history. We use mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequence data from newly collected specimens to reconstruct the phylogenetic position of the species. Limnonectes liui was found to be deeply nested within the geographically widespread dicroglossid frog L.

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  • * Using Census data, the study finds that children aged 0-10 in 1979 faced significant reductions in college attainment and future earnings tied to economic downturns in their county.
  • * Overall, the recession resulted in an estimated 1.3-2.8 million fewer college graduates and a loss of $66-$139 billion in annual earnings across affected populations.
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This paper estimates the effect of social connectedness on crime across U.S. cities from 1970 to 2009.

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  • - The study examines the genetic and ecological differences among three species of giant tree frogs in West and Central Africa, revealing that for closely related species to coexist without interbreeding, they must develop distinct traits for ecological and reproductive isolation.
  • - Analyses of genetic data and environmental models indicate that these species' divergence aligns with historical forest fragmentation during the late Pliocene, leading to unique environmental niches for each species.
  • - Significant physical and behavioral differences were found, particularly in traits like tympanum size and mating calls, with two species coexisting in Central Africa without hybridization, suggesting that both ecology and reproductive characteristics play crucial roles in maintaining biodiversity in the region.
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A new species in the dicroglossid frog genus is described from Ko Pha-ngan, Ko Samui, and Ko Lanta Yai Islands in southern Thailand. Males of  . lack a caruncle on top of the head and very closely resemble (Boulenger, 1887) from Myanmar and western and southern Thailand.

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High-throughput roll-to-roll processes are desirable to scale up the manufacture of flexible thermoelectric generators. While vacuum deposition onto a heated dynamic substrate presents a considerable engineering challenge, viable postdeposition in-line annealing processes are considered as an alternative to improve the functional performance of as-deposited films. The effect of infrared and electron-beam irradiations of 1 μm thick bismuth telluride thin films, produced by a vacuum roll-to-roll process for use as thermoelectric materials, was examined.

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  • The study creates a neoclassical general-equilibrium model to analyze differences in population and density across U.S. metro areas.
  • New estimation methods are introduced for measuring productivity in traded vs. non-traded goods and the supply of housing and land, based on density and land area data.
  • The findings reveal that quality of life influences where people choose to live more than trade productivity, and that relaxing land use regulations could boost population and improve living conditions in the western U.S.
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The Limnonectes kuhlii complex is a group of morphologically similar species of fanged frogs distributed across much of mainland and insular Southeast Asia. Many new species in this complex have been described in recent years, primarily on the basis of mitochondrial DNA divergence corroborated by differences in linear measurements and qualitative characters. Males in this species complex develop enlarged heads at sexual maturity, but the degree of head enlargement varies among mature males, even within the same population.

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Liopeltis is a genus of poorly known, infrequently sampled species of colubrid snakes in tropical Asia. We collected a specimen of Liopeltis from Pulau Tioman, Peninsular Malaysia, that superficially resembled L. philippina, a rare species that is endemic to the Palawan Pleistocene Aggregate Island Complex, western Philippines.

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An integrative taxonomic analysis based on mitochondrial and morphological data recovered the population of Cyrtodactylus on Koh Rong Island, Preah Sihanouk Province, Cambodiaa as an endemic insular species belonging to the Cyrtodactylus intermedius group. This brings the number of species in the C. intermedius group to at least 10 and the number of species in Cambodia to at least seven.

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