"I'm Torn": Qualitative Analysis of Dental Practitioner-Perceived Barriers, Facilitators, and Solutions to HPV Vaccine Promotion.

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine can prevent HPV-related oropharyngeal cancers. Dental practitioners are uniquely positioned to promote HPV vaccines during routine dental care but experience barriers to doing so. Qualitative interviews were conducted with dental practitioners to understand barriers and inform intervention strategies to promote HPV vaccines.

Periodontal treatment and subsequent clinical outcomes and medical care costs: A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Periodontitis is a common oral disease associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebrovascular disease (CBVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We studied if periodontitis treatment improves clinical outcomes and reduces medical care costs in patients with CAD, CBVD or T2D.

Methods: We used clinic records and claims data from a health care system to identify patients with periodontitis and CAD, CBVD or T2D, and to assess periodontal treatments, hospitalizations, medical costs (total, inpatient, outpatient, pharmacy), glycated hemoglobin, cardiovascular events, and death following concurrent disease diagnoses.

Bayesian Network Meta-analysis of Multiple Outcomes in Dental Research.

Objectives: Dental research typically targets multiple outcomes. Interdental cleaning devices such as interdental brushes (IB) and water jet devices (WJ) share a sizable portion of the medical device market. However, recommendations for device selection are limited by the conflicting evidence from multiple outcomes in available studies and the lack of an appropriate synthesis approach to summarize evidences taken from multiple outcomes.

SMARTp: A SMART design for nonsurgical treatments of chronic periodontitis with spatially referenced and nonrandomly missing skewed outcomes.

This paper proposes dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) as effective individualized treatment strategies for managing chronic periodontitis. The proposed DTRs are studied via SMARTp-a two-stage sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART) design. For this design, we propose a statistical analysis plan and a novel cluster-level sample size calculation method that factors in typical features of periodontal responses such as non-Gaussianity, spatial clustering, and nonrandom missingness.

Dental caries are positively associated with periodontal disease severity.

Objectives: To examine associations between periodontal disease severity and clinical and microbiological measures of caries in adults.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study of 94 healthy adults ((mean ± SD) 55.4 ± 13.

A network meta-analysis of interproximal oral hygiene methods in the reduction of clinical indices of inflammation.

Background: A wide selection of Interdental Oral Hygiene (IOH) aids is available to consumers. Recommendations for selection are, however, limited by the lack of direct comparisons in available studies. We aimed to assess the comparative efficacy of IOH aids using Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis (BNMA).

Network meta-analysis of studies included in the Clinical Practice Guideline on the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Aim: The recent ADA-commissioned Clinical Practice Guideline on the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis has provided the most exhaustive library of clinical trials on scaling and root planing (SRP) with or without adjuncts. This network meta-analysis (NMA) compared the adjuncts against each other.

Materials And Methods: A star-shaped NMA was performed based on 36 indirect comparisons of clinical attachment-level (CAL) gains among nine adjuncts in 74 studies from the Clinical Practice Guideline.

Changes in diabetes medications in the Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial and their effect on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).

Objective: Evaluate the effect of medications and medication changes during the Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial (DPTT) on the primary study outcome, namely, change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) at 6months following baseline.

Methods: The DPTT set strict criteria for changes in diabetes medications. Medication change was defined as: change in dose of any 1 oral hypoglycemic agent by more than two-fold, change in dose of insulin of >10% and/or addition or subtraction of an oral hypoglycemic agent, insulin or non-insulin injectable agents.

Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers and Their Association With Periodontal and Diabetes-Related Factors in the Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial, A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The present study evaluates effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on serum biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2DM) and chronic periodontitis who participated in the Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial (DPTT); and associations among diabetes markers, serum biomarkers, and periodontal measures in these patients.

Methods: DPTT participants randomized to receive immediate or delayed non-surgical periodontal therapy were evaluated at baseline and 6 months. Serum samples from 475 participants with 6-month data were analyzed for the following biomarkers: 1) high sensitivity C-reactive protein; 2) E-selectin; 3) tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; 4) vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM); 5) interleukin (IL)-6; 6) IL-8; 7) intercellular adhesion molecule; and 8) IL-10.

Serum Markers of Bone Turnover and Angiogenesis in Patients With Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw After Discontinuation of Long-Term Intravenous Bisphosphonate Therapy.

Purpose: To analyze serum markers of bone turnover, angiogenesis, endocrine function, and inflammation in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) who discontinued long-term intravenous bisphosphonate (BP) therapy.

Patients And Methods: Serum samples were obtained from 25 BRONJ patients who had discontinued long-term intravenous BP therapy for an average of 11.4 ± 8.

Evidence-based clinical practice guideline on the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis by means of scaling and root planing with or without adjuncts.

Background: A panel of experts convened by the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs presents an evidence-based clinical practice guideline on nonsurgical treatment of patients with chronic periodontitis by means of scaling and root planing (SRP) with or without adjuncts.

Methods: The authors developed this clinical practice guideline according to the American Dental Association's evidence-based guideline development methodology. This guideline is founded on a systematic review of the evidence that included 72 research articles providing clinical attachment level data on trials of at least 6 months' duration and published in English through July 2014.

Systematic review and meta-analysis on the nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis by means of scaling and root planing with or without adjuncts.

Background: Conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on nonsurgical treatment of patients with chronic periodontitis by means of scaling and root planing (SRP) with or without adjuncts.

Methods: A panel of experts convened by the American Dental Association Council on Scientific Affairs conducted a search of PubMed (MEDLINE) and Embase for randomized controlled trials of SRP with or without the use of adjuncts with clinical attachment level (CAL) outcomes in trials at least 6 months in duration and published in English through July 2014. The authors assessed individual study bias by using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and conducted meta-analyses to obtain the summary effect estimates and their precision and to assess heterogeneity.

Association between low-dose aspirin and periodontal disease: results from the continuous national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 2011-2012.

Aim: Low-dose aspirin has been hypothesized as being a potential host modulatory agent for periodontitis treatment. We investigated the relationship between low-dose aspirin use and periodontitis prevalence in the continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2012.

Methods: We analysed n = 2335 adult men and women who received a full-mouth periodontal examination and responded to an aspirin use questionnaire.

An evaluation of recruitment methods utilized for a clinical trial with periodontal and diabetes enrollment criteria: the Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial.

Background: Diabetes and its complications are a major United States public health concern.

Methods: The Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial (DPTT) evaluated whether non-surgical treatment of periodontal disease influenced diabetes management among persons with Type 2 diabetes and periodontitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate DPTT's many recruitment strategies in terms of enrollment success.

Factors associated with the clinical response to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing health problem worldwide. People with T2DM are at risk of experiencing periodontitis and likely require treatment. Using data from the national multicenter Diabetes and Periodontal Therapy Trial (DPTT), the authors assessed patient-based characteristics associated with the clinical response to nonsurgical therapy.

The effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on hemoglobin A1c levels in persons with type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Chronic periodontitis, a destructive inflammatory disorder of the supporting structures of the teeth, is prevalent in patients with diabetes. Limited evidence suggests that periodontal therapy may improve glycemic control.

Objective: To determine if nonsurgical periodontal treatment reduces levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in persons with type 2 diabetes and moderate to advanced chronic periodontitis.

The influence of anti-infective periodontal treatment on C-reactive protein: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Periodontal infections are hypothesized to increase the risk of adverse systemic outcomes through inflammatory mechanisms. The magnitude of effect, if any, of anti-infective periodontal treatment on systemic inflammation is unknown, as are the patient populations most likely to benefit. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to test the hypothesis that anti-infective periodontal treatment reduces systemic c-reactive protein (CRP).

Periodontal disease as a risk factor for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Background: Previous case reports and animal studies suggest that periodontitis is associated with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). This case-control study is conducted to evaluate the association between clinical and radiographic measures of periodontal disease and BRONJ.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with BRONJ were matched with 48 controls.

The effects of periodontal treatment on pregnancy outcomes.

Background: Preterm infants are at greater risk than term infants for physical and developmental disorders. Morbidity and mortality increases as gestational age at delivery decreases. Observational studies indicate an association between poor periodontal health and risk for preterm birth or low birthweight, making periodontitis a potentially modifiable risk factor for prematurity.

The effects of periodontal treatment on pregnancy outcomes.

Background: Preterm infants are at greater risk than term infants for physical and developmental disorders. Morbidity and mortality increases as gestational age at delivery decreases. Observational studies indicate an association between poor periodontal health and risk for preterm birth or low birthweight, making periodontitis a potentially modifiable risk factor for prematurity.

Teriparatide therapy for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a case report and narrative review.

Bisphosphonates (BP), potent antresorptive agents, play a key role in managing osteolytic bone disorders including osteoporosis, Paget's disease, bone metastasis, and multiple myeloma. However, their long-term administration is associated with increased risk for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) development. At present, there is no curative therapy for BRONJ, and patients are often treated palliatively with antibiotics, antimicrobial mouth rinses, and debridement of necrotic bone.